Importance of elevated uric acid levels in the development and prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
O.V. Molchanova ◽  
A.N. Britov ◽  
E.V. Platonova
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiko Nakagawa ◽  
Laura G. Sanchez-Lozada ◽  
Ana Andres-Hernando ◽  
Hideto Kojima ◽  
Masato Kasahara ◽  
...  

Chronic low-grade inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of non-communicable diseases, including chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Inflammation is a biologically active process accompanied with biochemical changes involving energy, amino acid, lipid and nucleotides. Recently, glycolysis has been observed to be increased in several inflammatory disorders, including several types of kidney disease. However, the factors initiating glycolysis remains unclear. Added sugars containing fructose are present in nearly 70 percent of processed foods and have been implicated in the etiology of many non-communicable diseases. In the kidney, fructose is transported into the proximal tubules via several transporters to mediate pathophysiological processes. Fructose can be generated in the kidney during glucose reabsorption (such as in diabetes) as well as from intra-renal hypoxia that occurs in CKD. Fructose metabolism also provides biosynthetic precursors for inflammation by switching the intracellular metabolic profile from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis despite the availability of oxygen, which is similar to the Warburg effect in cancer. Importantly, uric acid, a byproduct of fructose metabolism, likely plays a key role in favoring glycolysis by stimulating inflammation and suppressing aconitase in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. A consequent accumulation of glycolytic intermediates connects to the production of biosynthetic precursors, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, to meet the increased energy demand for the local inflammation. Here, we discuss the possibility of fructose and uric acid may mediate a metabolic switch toward glycolysis in CKD. We also suggest that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may slow the progression of CKD by reducing intrarenal glucose, and subsequently fructose levels.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernawati Ernawati ◽  
Rebekah Malik ◽  
Yoanita Widjaja

Increased life expectancy is an advantage but at the same time becomes a condition that can be a source of problems in the health sector, especially non-communicable diseases. Currently non-communicable diseases that are often found are cardiovascular diseases such as high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, metabolic disorders such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, muscle and joint diseases such as arthritis, gout, osteoarthritis, nutritional disorders: obesity or malnutrition. The prevalence of various non-communicable diseases from 2013-2016 strokes increased from 7% to 10.9%; and chronic kidney disease rose from 2% to 3.8%. Based on blood sugar tests, diabetes mellitus rose from 6.9% to 8.5%; and blood pressure measurement results, hypertension rose from 25.8% to 34.1%. The increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases is related to lifestyle, including smoking, consumption of alcoholic beverages, physical activity, and consumption of fruits and vegetables. Problems require comprehensive handling and reach as broad as possible. One form of expansion of service coverage is posbindu. Posbindu in Kelurahan Kembangan Selatan is one of the posbindu that aims to provide comprehensive services to the age group> 15 years to make efforts to prevent non-communicable diseases and prevent complications for participants who have experienced interference so that no further complications occur. Activities are carried out routinely every month on Saturdays in the form of weighing, height, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, cholesterol and gout for every visitor of Posbindu. In addition to health checks, counseling activities are also carried out both individuals and groups and health consultations for visitors posbindu both experiencing health problems or not. This activity was carried out for 1 year from August 2018 to July 2019 (June Eid holidays) with the number of Posbindu visitors between 28-45 people with an average visitor 38. The average cases of high blood pressure were 33.45% (12), high cholesterol 27.24% (10), high blood sugar 24.74 (9), and high uric acid 19.87 (8). The results obtained for 1 year showed that the control of blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol and uric acid was still fluctuating even though counseling and consultation had been given based on the results of the examination. The conclusion from this activity shows that blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol and gout are not only influenced by regularity of control and knowledge but also diet, activity and environment. The advantage of this postbindu activity is that the health condition of visitors is monitored and health information can be conveyed on an ongoing basis. Suggestions for the future harmonious cooperation between health workers, patients and families / closest people of the patient must always be maintained through this posbindu activityABSTRAK:Peningkatan usia harapan hidup merupakan suatu keuntungan tetapi sekaligus menjadi suatu kondisi yang dapat menjadi sumber permasalahan di bidang kesehatan terutama penyakit tidak menular. Saat ini penyakit tidak menular yang banyak dijumpai adalah penyakit kardiovaskular seperti darah tinggi, jantung koroner, penyakit kelainan metabolik seperti kencing manis, dislipidemia, penyakit otot dan persendian seperti radang sendi, gout, osteoartritis, gangguan gizi: obesitas atau gizi kurang. Prevalensi berbagai penyakit tidak menular dari tahun 2013-2016 stroke naik dari 7% menjadi 10,9%; dan penyakit ginjal kronik naik dari 2% menjadi 3,8%. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan gula darah, diabetes melitus naik dari 6,9% menjadi 8,5%; dan hasil pengukuran tekanan darah, hipertensi naik dari 25,8% menjadi 34,1%. Kenaikan prevalensi penyakit tidak menular ini berhubungan dengan pola hidup, antara lain merokok, konsumsi minuman beralkohol, aktivitas fisik, serta konsumsi buah dan sayur. Permasalahan membutuhkan penanganan yang bersifat menyeluruh dan menjangkau seluas mungkin. Salah satu bentuk perluasan jangkauan pelayanan adalah posbindu. Posbindu di Kelurahan Kembangan Selatan merupakan salah satu posbindu yang bertujuan memberikan pelayanan yang secara menyeluruh pada kelompok usia > 15 tahun untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan penyakit tidak menular dan mencegah komplikasi bagi peserta yang sudah mengalami gangguan agar tidak terjadi komplikasi lebih lanjut. Kegiatan dilakukan rutin setiap bulan pada hari Sabtu berupa penimbangan berat badan, tinggi badan, tekanan darah, kadar gula darah, kolesterol dan asam urat bagi setiap pengunjung posbindu. Selain pemeriksaan kesehatan, juga dilakukan kegiatan penyuluhan baik perorangan maupun kelompok dan konsultasi kesehatan bagi pengunjung posbindu baik yang mengalami gangguan kesehatan maupun tidak. Kegiatan ini dilakukan selama 1 tahun dari Agustus 2018 sampai Juli 2019 (Juni libur lebaran) dengan jumlah pengunjung posbindu antara 28-45 orang dengan rata-rata pengunjung 38. Rata-rata kasus tekanan darah tinggi 33,45% (12), kolesterol tinggi 27.24% (10), gula darah tinggi 24,74 (9), dan asam urat tinggi 19,87 (8). Hasil yang didapat selama 1 tahun ini menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian tekanan darah, gula darah, kolesterol dan asam urat masih naik turun walaupun sudah diberikan penyuluhan maupun konsultasi berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan. Simpulan dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa tekanan darah, gula darah, kolesterol dan asam urat tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh keteraturan kontrol dan pengetahuan tetapi juga pola makan, aktivitas dan lingkungan. Keuntungan dari kegiatan posbindu ini adalah termonitornya kondisi kesehatan pengunjung dan informasi kesehatan dapat tersampaikan secara berkelanjutan. Saran ke depannya kerjasama yang harmonis antara petugas kesehatan, pasien dan keluarga/orang terdekat pasien harus selalu dijaga lewat kegiatan posbindu ini


Author(s):  
Diah Lestari ◽  
Fatwa Imelda ◽  
Febrina Oktavinola Kaban

Non-communicable diseases are quite serious public health problems and require more comprehensive and multidisciplinary care. The high mortality rate caused by heart disease, stroke, gout and diabetes mellitus is caused by unhealthy eating patterns, unhealthy habits, lack of physical activity and stress. Indonesia is the 4th country with people with diabetes mellitus after China, India and the USA. Hypertension or high blood pressure is a cause of increased risk of stroke, heart and kidney. The number of Majelis Taklim assemblies and Pengajian can be used maximally by health workers to socialize health programs in improving community health status. Perwiritan An-Nur, Marindal Village 1 Kec. Patumbak Kab. Deli Serdang is thought to have a high risk of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, stroke, gout and diabetes mellitus. Observation of the habits of the community has an unhealthy lifestyle. This community service carried out 2 activities namely promotion and prevention with 30 samples. Educational activities are education about hypertension, stroke, gout and diabetes mellitus as well as activities. Preventive activities include checking cholesterol, uric acid and blood sugar levels. From the results of the implementation of community service found the majority of respondents aged> 50 years as many as 22 people (27%), the majority of low levels of education 17 people (57%), the majority do not work 27 people (90%), the majority of Javanese 20 people (67% ), the majority of married women 28 people (93%) and the majority with a history of passive smoking as many as 20 people (67%), the majority of normal blood pressure as many as 21 people (70%), the majority of normal cholesterol levels as many as 27 people 27 (90%) , the majority of normal uric acid levels were 26 people (87%), the majority of normal blood sugar levels were 28 people (93%). To improve health status and reduce the incidence of non-communicable diseases by conducting counseling and health checks.


2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 249-251
Author(s):  
M. Braun ◽  
J. Ried

ZusammenfassungDie 65. World Health Assembly hat die Bekämpfung nicht-übertragbarer Krankheiten in den Mittelpunkt globaler Aufmerksamkeit und Aktivität gerückt. Da Übergewicht bzw. Adipositas wesentliche Risikofaktoren für einen erheblichen Teil dieser Erkrankungen darstellen, kommt damit der Prävention (aber auch der Therapie) erhöhten Körpergewichtes in der Programmatik der WHO besondere Bedeutung zu. Gleichzeitig führen die hochgesteckten Ziele der WHO in das fundamentale Dilemma, dass es keine Instrumente gibt, die angestrebten Prävalenz- und Reduktionsraten im vorgegebenen Zeitrahmen zu erreichen. Daraus ergeben sich eine Reihe ethischer und sozialer Fragen, unter anderem nach dem zu Grunde gelegten Modell der Adipositas und den impliziten und expliziten Verantwortlichkeiten für ihre Bekämpfung.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Oliver Hoon Leh Ling ◽  
Siti Nur Afiqah Mohamed Musthafa ◽  
Muhammad Solahuddin Hamzah ◽  
Marlyana Azyyati Marzukhi ◽  
Nurul Ashikin Mabahwi

Environmental health is referring to the health of people in relation to environmental quality. Due to rapid urbanisation, more people are living in urban neighbourhoods. Urban planning and design aspects including the neighbourhood environment are potentially affecting the human healthy lifestyle and health condition. Thus, the relationship between Malaysian neighbourhood environmental aspects and human health has become the concern of this research. One of the neighbourhood units in Shah Alam city had been chosen as the study area for this purpose. Questionnaire survey had been carried out to examine the health condition and physical activeness of residents. Besides, the perception of residents on the quality of neighbourhood environmental aspects also had been collected in the questionnaire survey. The health condition of residents was measured by non-communicable diseases (NCD) and the physical activeness was measured in duration as well as the frequency of physical exercise activities. The study found that the quality of neighbourhood environmental aspects significantly increased the physical activeness of respondents. The physical activeness was positively associated with human health as measured in NCD (heart diseases and high blood pressure, HBP). It shows that neighbourhood environmental (physical and social) aspects are potentially affecting the healthy life of people living in the neighbourhood.Keywords: Healthy life, Neighbourhood environment, Non-communicable diseases (NCD), Physical activeness, Quality.


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