Renovation of Large-Panel Buildings: Peculiar Features in a Non-Capital Region

The period from 1957 to 1985 features mass industrial development — the construction of "Khrushchev-era buildings". Today, poor structural condition of these buildings represents an urgent challenge. The problem of "Khrushchev-era buildings" is especially urgent for the Irkutsk region due to specific climate conditions, materials used and mistakes made during their construction. Renovation in Irkutsk will allow honing the renovation techniques taking into account the seismic conditions of construction and a cold climate. The article deals with the development of a renovation standard project of a separate residential district in Irkutsk. The author's methodology is based on the content and sequence of stages of such a renovation. As a result, the authors have calculated project costs and profits and justified the conditions for obtaining commercial efficiency for a developer. It is shown that the renovation efficiency can be achieved when the area of residential buildings is doubled and more. Another prerequisite for successful renovation process is the recovery of expenses related to resettlement of citizens from demolished houses subsidized by the state buying out apartments for resettlement under programs of liquidation of dilapidated buildings. In conclusion, the authors point out advantages and drawbacks of the renovation for the population and municipal authorities.

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PERSIAN GARDENS IN COLD AND DRY CLIMATE: A CASE STUDY OF TABRIZ’S HISTORICAL GARDENS

International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR ◽

10.26687/archnet-ijar.v10i3.925 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 193

Author(s):

Ahad Nejad Ebrahimi ◽

Farnaz Nazarzadeh ◽

Elnaz Nazarzadeh

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Water Supply ◽

Field Study ◽

Cold Climate ◽

Natural Substrate ◽

Garden Design ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

North West ◽

Special Expertise

Throughout history, gardens and garden designing has been in the attention of Persian architects who had special expertise in the construction of gardens. The appearance of Islam and allegories of paradise taken from that in Koran and Saints’ sayings gave spirituality to garden construction. Climate conditions have also had an important role in this respect but little research has been done about it and most of the investigations have referred to spiritual aspects and forms of garden. The cold and dry climate that has enveloped parts of West and North West of Iran has many gardens with different forms and functions, which have not been paid much attention to by studies done so far. The aim of this paper is to identify the features and specifications of cold and dry climate gardens with an emphasis on Tabriz’s Gardens. Due to its natural and strategic situation, Tabriz has always been in the attention of governments throughout history; travellers and tourists have mentioned Tabriz as a city that has beautiful gardens. But, the earthquakes and wars have left no remains of those beautiful gardens. This investigation, by a comparative study of the climates in Iran and the effect of those climates on the formation of gardens and garden design, tries to identify the features and characteristics of gardens in cold and dry climate. The method of study is interpretive-historical on the basis of written documents and historic features and field study of existing gardens in this climate. The results show that, with respect to natural substrate, vegetation, the form of water supply, and the general form of the garden; gardens in dry and cold climate are different from gardens in other climates.

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Carcinogenic risk assessment in population living in the ecologically problematic areas of Irkutsk region

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-117-121 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 117-121

Author(s):

N. V. Yefi mova ◽

I. V. Myl’nikova ◽

M. V. Kuz’mina ◽

L. G. Lisetskaya ◽

Ye. Ye. Loznevaya

Keyword(s):

Rural Area ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Environmental Objects ◽

Irkutsk Region ◽

Regional Population ◽

Drinkable Water ◽

Route Of Exposure ◽

Risk Parameters

Irkutsk region is among territories of intense industrial development. Considerable part of the regional population is long exposed to chemical pollutants of environmental objects. Th e authors evaluated carcinogenic risk for the population of industrial centers and rural area. Findings are that maximal carcinogenic risk is carried by the urban population. Aggregated carcinogenic risk parameters evaluation proved inhalation to be a priority route of exposure. Irkutsk region appeared to have territories with high carcinogenic risk for public health. Among a list of chemicals in the ambient air are priority carcinogens: six-valent chromium and lead. The evidences necessitate measures on the risks minimization. Due to absent data on carcinogens content of drinkable water in some rural area, the necessity is to evaluate risk for the rural population by studies of drinkable water quality that does not match hygienic regulations, because oral one is a main route of carcinogens intake.

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Correlation between Defects and Technical Wear of Materials Used in Traditional Construction

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14102482 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 2482

Author(s):

Jarosław Konior ◽

Mariusz Rejment

Keyword(s):

Residential Buildings ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Technical Condition ◽

Water Penetration ◽

Major Drawback ◽

Wear Process ◽

Materials Used ◽

Traditional Construction ◽

The Relationship ◽

Measurable Property

The degree of technical wear of old buildings, which are made of basic materials (cement, concrete, steel, timber, plaster, brick) using traditional technology, is expressed by the size and intensity of damage to their elements. The topic of the research concerns old residential buildings from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, which are located in the downtown district of Wroclaw, Poland. The descriptive analysis and the analysis of the definitions of defects that occur in the elements of residential buildings, which were performed as random analyzes, do not allow defects to be considered as measurable variables at a level of visual investigation. The major drawback of the method that is used by experts when assessing the technical condition of civil engineering buildings is that it does not numerically express the magnitude (strength) of the defects. Therefore, an attempt was made to numerically express the relationship (if such a relationship exists) between the occurred defects of buildings and the extent of their technical wear process. When calculating the strength of this relationship, the method of determining the point biserial correlation coefficient for the measurable property and the dichotomous property was used. It was found that the direction of the relation is right-hand for all the tested building elements, but the strength of the correlation between the detected defects and technical wear shows a considerable span and depends on the conditions of the apartment house’s maintenance. As a rule, damage caused by water penetration and moisture penetration always shows correlations of at least moderate strength.

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Catchment-scale evaluation of pollution potential of urban snow at two residential catchments in southern Finland

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2013.466 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 68 (10) ◽

pp. 2164-2170 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Nora Sillanpää ◽

Harri Koivusalo

Keyword(s):

Snow Water Equivalent ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Cold Climate ◽

Road Maintenance ◽

Catchment Scale ◽

Small Surface ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Snow Water ◽

High Level ◽

Mass Loads

Despite the crucial role of snow in the hydrological cycle in cold climate conditions, monitoring studies of urban snow quality often lack discussions about the relevance of snow in the catchment-scale runoff management. In this study, measurements of snow quality were conducted at two residential catchments in Espoo, Finland, simultaneously with continuous runoff measurements. The results of the snow quality were used to produce catchment-scale estimates of areal snow mass loads (SML). Based on the results, urbanization reduced areal snow water equivalent but increased pollutant accumulation in snow: SMLs in a medium-density residential catchment were two- to four-fold higher in comparison with a low-density residential catchment. The main sources of pollutants were related to vehicular traffic and road maintenance, but also pet excrement increased concentrations to a high level. Ploughed snow can contain 50% of the areal pollutant mass stored in snow despite its small surface area within a catchment.

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High-quality eddy-covariance CO2budgets under cold climate conditions

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences ◽

10.1002/2017jg003830 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 122 (8) ◽

pp. 2064-2084 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Fanny Kittler ◽

Werner Eugster ◽

Thomas Foken ◽

Martin Heimann ◽

Olaf Kolle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eddy Covariance ◽

Cold Climate ◽

High Quality ◽

Climate Conditions

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Reconstruction of 5-storey large panel buildings, use of atmospheric precipitation water for technical purposes in the building

The American Journal of Applied Sciences ◽

10.37547/tajas/volume02issue12-14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 02 (12) ◽

pp. 86-89

Author(s):

Axmedov Tolkin ◽

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Atmospheric Precipitation ◽

Basic Information ◽

Atmospheric Water ◽

Large Panel ◽

Precipitation Water

This article provides basic information on engineering selection and beautification of urban areas where 5-storey residential buildings should be built in response to emergencies in ways to increase the energy efficiency of buildings using atmospheric water for technical purposes.

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New insights into Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural Economy: Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 2021

Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola ◽

10.1051/ctv/ctv20213602173 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 173-175

Author(s):

Jorge Cunha ◽

Ilda Caldeira ◽

Sara Canas

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Cold Climate ◽

Management Technique ◽

Grape Seeds ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Anatomical Features ◽

Wide Range ◽

Water Constraint

New insights into Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural Economy arise from the fourteen articles published by the Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola in 2021. Research carried out by several international teams covered a wide range of topics that seek to respond to current main challenges: chemical, morphological and anatomical features of the grapevine cultivars explored to withstand biotic and abiotic stresses; seaweed foliar application to grapevines as an innovative and integrated vineyard management technique; nutritional management of grapevine cultivars under cold climate conditions and under water constraint scenarios; viability and cost-effectiveness of photovoltaic solar energy for wineries; viticultural technologies and the food safety of wine; characterization of grapes and methods for juice production; chemical composition of grape seeds; development of analytical and sensory methodologies; portrait of the wine spirits sector in Portugal and its recent evolution.

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