scholarly journals Regimes of freshness

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Höhne ◽  
Alexander Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Bare Life ◽  
Life Meaning ◽  
Frozen Food ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Type ◽  
New Perspective

Today, it seems that nearly every aspect of life is affected by cryogenic techniques: we cool our food, environments, drugs, organs, eggs, milk, semen, tissue, blood and much more. Our central argument is that these developments lead to the formation of a new form of life, which in many ways is the antipode of what Agamben calls bare life. In analyzing the emergence of cryogenic culture from a biopower point of view, this study offers a new perspective on how populations are fostered and governed through regimes of freshness. While the history of chilled and frozen food slowly gains increasing attention in historical and cultural studies, the historical dynamics of the cryopolitical economy in the network society still need to be explored. Biotechnology, encompassing food production as well as assisted reproductive technology (ART), currently emerges as a most important apparatus (dispositif) of governing populations. It should be understood as a means of ‘biopower’ because it not only contributes to reproducing life but also helps to improve and preserve it. Highly dependent on refrigeration, modern biopower invents a new type of life, which is technologically self-sustained: this is the cryogenic culture. In our paper, we trace the emergence and dissemination of what we call cryogenic life – meaning the ways of producing, distributing, maintaining and dispositioning organic matter via cooling, chilling and freezing. With the introduction of artificial coldness in the late nineteenth century and the expansion of the cold chain, these techniques have become a constitutive element of modern biopower.

EMOTION AND THE LANGUAGE OF INTIMACY IN MING CHINA: THE SHAN'GE OF FENG MENGLONG

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
Anne E. McLaren
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern China ◽  
History Of Emotions ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Feng Menglong ◽  
History Of Emotion ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Human Emotionality

In recent decades, historians of European history have produced many studies on the history of emotions. Based on the hypothesis that emotions are neither a biological essence nor a universal fixed attribute, they have sought to trace constructions of human emotionality as reflected in literary and other works in a particular society over time. This new sub-discipline, the study of what is often termed “sentimental culture”, has illuminated the interaction between the articulation of an emotional sensibility and significant social trends of the age, including the rise of humanitarian discourse, radical Protestantism, and a destabilizing of sexual norms. From the new perspective of the cultural history of emotion, the modern idea that emotions express individual inwardness and autonomy now appears to be contingent and culture bound. In the case of China, while there has been an abundance of studies of the cult of qing 情 (‘passion, desire’) in the late Ming, there are few works dealing specifically with the historical construction of emotion in pre-modern China, particularly from a linguistic point of view.

scholarly journals Parameter Estimation for Dynamic Model of the Financial System

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2051-2055
Author(s):  
Veronika Novotná ◽  
Vladěna Štěpánková
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Investment Demand ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Interest Rate

Economy can be considered a large, open system which is influenced by fluctuations, both internal and external. Based on non-linear dynamics theory, the dynamic models of a financial system try to provide a new perspective by explaining the complicated behaviour of the system not as a result of external influences or random behaviour, but as a result of the behaviour and trends of the system’s internal structures. The present article analyses a chaotic financial system from the point of view of determining the time delay of the model variables – the interest rate, investment demand, and price index. The theory is briefly explained in the first chapters of the paper and serves as a basis for formulating the relations. This article aims to determine the appropriate length of time delay variables in a dynamic model of the financial system in order to express the real economic situation and respect the effect of the history of factors under consideration. The determination of the delay length is carried out for the time series representing Euro area. The methodology for the determination of the time delay is illustrated by a concrete example.

Sustainable Development From a “Nature vs. Nurture” Perspective

2019 ◽  
pp. 118-135
Author(s):  
Lucia Ovidia Vreja ◽  
Sergiu Bălan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nature And Nurture ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Nature Vs Nurture ◽  
New Education

This chapter presents the role of nature and nurture in shaping the behavior of human beings toward sustainability identifying instances of both dramatic extinctions of species and collapse of entire societies, as well as successful, peaceful, and healthy adaptation of human communities to their environment, in an attempt to presents the imperative conditions necessary for attaining sustainable development. A very long and intriguing history reveals that from the nature's point of view humans are rather destructive, interested in their own short-term survival. Nevertheless, the same long history of human species bears valuable lessons and examples of adaptive behaviors grounded by nurture, and based on these examples, the chapter aims at advancing a new perspective of thinking sustainable development that could lay the foundation of a new education curriculum.

The Telephone Patents: Intellectual Property, Business, and the Law in the United States and Britain, 1876—1900

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-601
Author(s):  
Christopher Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Telephone Industry ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
New Perspective

This dissertation summary introduces a new perspective on the legal and economic history of patents in the late nineteenth century. Through a case study of the early telephone industry in Britain and the United States, the dissertation explores interactions between business strategies and national legal regimes, and proposes a revised view of the multi-layered relationship between patents and industrial organization.

scholarly journals THEORY OF COOPERATION IN THE 19TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES: JUSTIFICATION OF THE NEED FOR PRACTICAL REALIZATION OF A JUST SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
N.P. Shamayeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Practical Realization ◽  
Christian Socialism ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Type ◽  
Just Society ◽  
Work And Life

The article examines the stages of development of the theory of cooperation during the XIX - early XX centuries. The theory of cooperation reflects the main stages in the development of human society, when the search for a certain ideal of organizing social life begins with the substantiation of frankly utopian ideas (T. More's theory) that cannot be put into practice. The theories of R. Owen and C. Fourier were the first attempts to theoretically substantiate the need to use cooperation under capitalism to facilitate the work and life of ordinary workers. In the case of R. Owen, there was an attempt of the practical implementation of the ideas of cooperation. However, this attempt was initially doomed to failure due to the discrepancy between theoretical ideals and harsh life practice. An attempt to substantiate Christian socialism was quite interesting. The classics of Marxism-Leninism consider the theory of cooperation from the point of view of its use as a tool for creating a fundamentally new type of society - communism. It was assumed that cooperation in one form or another could cover the entire population of the country, which, by the way, can also be described as an absolutely utopian idea. Attempts of even a slight disagreement with the theoretical provisions of the theory of Marx-Engels-Lenin were not allowed in principle. The research results can be used in the process of teaching the history of economic doctrines and economic theory.

scholarly journals Fleshy Stories. New Materialism and Female Suicides in Late Nineteenth-Century Finland

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Anu Salmela
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
New Materialism ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Source Type ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Social Acts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
New Perspective

In nineteenth-century western medicine suicide was a gendered phenomenon. Female suicides were linked to emotion, whereas the male ones were seen as social acts, reflecting the state of the national economy and social wellbeing. Concentrating on late nineteenth-century Finnish female suicides, this article offers a new perspective on the medical history of suicides: firstly, it utilizes an underused source type, the post-mortems of suicides, and, secondly, it develops a methodology inspired by Karen Barad’s agential realism. While recognizing the gendered and cultural dimensions of suicide, I argue that female suicides included factors even beyond the human. Hence, the article suggests that suicide was neither a human nor a discursive phenomenon but an entanglement of multiple agencies, including human and nonhuman, matter and discourse.

scholarly journals The Logic of the West’s History: Three Ages

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-270
Author(s):  
V. S. Levitsky
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
Unique System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Formal Rationality ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Mind

The postmodern turn of the last quarter of the twentieth century, which consisted in a fi - nal rejection of metanarratives, makes great philosophical systems one of the areas of mythological narratives. However, this fact does not mean we do not have to comprehend the modern situation, which has become an inalienable attribute of modern identity. In this way, generalized metaphors, generalizing our knowledge at the intuitive level of aesthetic perception, become more and more important. From this philosophical and metaphorical instrumentation’s point of view, the history of the West can be schematically described in the form of three ages, symbolized, respectively, by the Mind (intelligence), the Reason, and the Sensuality, each of them having their own unique system-forming meanings that suggest relevant cultural practices. The Mind, or the age of Antiquity, affi rms the identity of the unconcealed in reality with the ontological basis of the existing — the cosmic mind. The Christian Middle Ages raise the line between the world of divine archetypes and sinful empirism. The Reason becomes human’s symbol and destiny. The new age or Modernity focuses on what is happening here and right now, brings reality to the momentary and pragmatic, and therefore can be described as the age of Sensuality. Thus, the logic of the West’s history, understood in this way, allows us to look at the whole historical process from a new perspective, at the same time opposing it (the logic) to the classical view, which became classical in the times of M. Weber, on history as on an ongoing process of disenchantment, the result of which is the mankind teleologically moving towards the incarnation of formal rationality.

scholarly journals Gnosticism and esotericism: an example from Russian new religiosity

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
Vadim Zhdanov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Western Esotericism

Time and again, the terms gnosticism and esotericism appear in connection with one another. Most esoteric teachings, for example, draw on the higher knowledge of the secrets of nature or deity. The terms esoteric and esotericism even surface in connection with antique gnosticism—and this is not a rare occurrence. Just think of the famous definition of gnosis suggested by leading scholars in the field in Messina in 1966. According to this definition, gnosis is the ‘knowledge of divine mysteries, which is reserved for the elite’. And just as Christian apologists saw gnosis as the source of all heresy, so today it is viewed as the source of all esotericism—at least from a theological point of view. In spite of the fact that this thesis is not historically tenable, given that western esotericism did not start until the time of the Renaissance, one cannot ignore the fact that gnosis and esotericism are multiply interwoven with each other. The author sketches the dogmatics and the history of a new religious movement which created quite a furore in the Ukraine and Russia during the first half of the 1990s. On the basis of this sketch of the ‘Great White Brotherhood Usmalos’, he then tries to apply the terms gnosticism and esotericism to this example. Proceeding this way, the author sheds light on both the level of its mode of thought as well as its form of life.     

scholarly journals THE POLICY OF WORKERS RELOCATION TO REMOTE AREAS IN THE USSR IN THE 1920S AND EARLY 1930S

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-69
Author(s):  
V. Moiseenko
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Stable Population ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Legislative Regulation ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Type

After 1917, under the influence of new social conditions, the beginning of industrialization in the USSR and the policy of development of the outskirts, a new type of migration emerged, entitled in official documents of that time as “relocating workers to remote areas”. The systematization of legislative regulation of this type of migration in the absence of well-established statistical accounting is the purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this article. The 1920s became a noticeable frontier in the long history of Russia’s settlement of the eastern regions, but the costly practice of attracting specialists, developed in the mid-1920s in the framework of the departmental approach, cannot be considered effective from the point of view of the formation of a stable population in these areas.

scholarly journals Verskyningsvorme van estetisisme en dekadensie in Sy kom met die sekelmaan en Kaapse rekwisiete

Literator ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
M. Grobbelaar
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Female Character ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Heterosexual Relationships ◽  
Feminist Literature ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
New Perspective

Manifestations of aestheticism and decadence in Sy kom met die sekelmaan and Kaapse rekwisieteThis article offers a new perspective on the novels of two well-known Afrikaans authors, namely Hettie Smit's Sy kom met die sekelmaan (1937) and Wilma Stockenstrom's Kaapse rekwisiete (1987). Both literary works are read within the framework of late nineteenth-century Western European and British aestheticism and decadence. Characteristic elements of aesthetic and decadent literature, such as an emphasis on artificiality - especially the tendency towards the fictionalization of reality narcissism, sexual perversity, and the utilization of a flowery style are identified in both novels. Stockenstrum 's novel can, however, also be read from a feminist point of view, as is already indicated by the fact that everything is seen through the eyes d f a female character, and by the negative projection of male characters and heterosexual relationships. Lefebvre's Jungian-based search for the Self is a further indication of the feminist character of this novel, as the psychological views of Jung with his accent on identity and individualisation form a myth in its own way in feminist literature.

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