scholarly journals Sexual autonomy and violence against women in Nigeria: Assessing the impact of Covid-19 pandemic

De Jure ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolulope R Ibitoye ◽  
Folakemi Ajagunna
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Sexual Autonomy ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Active Implementation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Rights

Sexual and reproductive rights are centred on an individual's autonomy. However, these rights are jeopardised when women and girls are faced with sexual violence. Recently, there was reported increase in violence against women and girls, constituting an infringement of their human rights. Relieving this burden has become a human rights commitment for most countries including Nigeria. Therefore, this article examines how these rights were impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. It examines reports from media sources, and conducted in-depth interviews with Forty-five (45) women in a bid to elicit their responses on their experiences during the pandemic. The research found that the pandemic had both positive and negative impacts on the women's sexual autonomy. This article recommends the creation of more awareness for women, the fostering of political will, and dedicated funding to ensure active implementation and better protection of women's rights in Nigeria.

scholarly journals THE PECULIARITIES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF GENDER POLICY IN SECURITY AND DEFENSE SPHERES ON THE EXAMPLE OF UN AND NATO

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Klymchuk ◽  
◽  
Olena Shtraikher ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Special Rapporteur ◽  
Gender Policy ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
And Gender

The study examines the peculiarities of the implementation of gender policy in the field of security and defense by the example of the UN and NATO. To achieve this goal, we considered the legal regulation of gender equality in the field of security and defense of the UN and NATO; analyzed the work of institutional mechanisms for the implementation of gender policy in the field of security and defense by the example of the UN and NATO; characterized the peculiarities of cooperation between Ukraine, the UN and NATO in ensuring gender equality in the field of security and defense. The legal regulation of gender equality at the UN and NATO levels was considered, in particular a number of resolutions (UN Security Council Resolutions on Women, Peace and Security No. 1325, No. 1820, No. 1888, No. 1889, No. 1960, No. 2106, No. 2122, No. 2422, No. 2467, No. 2493), which recognizes the importance of involving women and gender mainstreaming in peace negotiations, humanitarian planning, peacekeeping, post-conflict peacebuilding, governance, and equal participation of women at all levels of conflict prevention or protection from sexual violence. Also the authors analyzed the work of institutional mechanisms responsible for the implementation of gender policy of the UN and NATO, in particular, their expertise and scope of activities. It was clarified that the following persons responsible for the implementation of UN Security Council Resolutions in NATO: Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Women, Peace and Security; NATO Gender Office; Gender Adviser at the International Military Staff; a number of advisory committees and working groups led by NATO Strategic Command; Civil Society Advisory Council on Women, Peace and Security. At the same time, the UN has seven expert institutions and regional independent human rights experts to combat discrimination and gender-based violence against women and girls: UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women; UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women; UN Working Group on Discrimination against Women and Girls; Committee of Experts on the Follow-up Mechanism to the Belem-Par Convention; Expert Group on Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence; Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Africa of the African Commission on Human Rights; Human Rights Rapporteur. In addition, a number of sub-organizations and programs have been established at the UN level to achieve gender equality in all spheres of life, such as the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the HeForShe IMPACT 10x10x10 movement and the UN-Women. Aspects of Ukraine's cooperation with the UN and NATO in ensuring gender equality in the field of security and defense are highlighted separately. The importance and effectiveness of cooperation between Ukraine and the Alliance during the war in Eastern Ukraine have been established. The support by the UN of Ukraine in fulfilling the obligations within the international regulatory framework on the introduction of gender equality and women’s rights was also analyzed.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Spanish nurses on economic crisis and the impacts on health care system

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Maria Scherlowski Leal David ◽  
José Ramón Martínez-Riera ◽  
Sonia Acioli ◽  
Maria Fernanda de Lima da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Work Health ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the perceptions of Spanish nurses regarding the country’s economic crisis situation, and its impacts on nursing work, health system and population’s health. Methods: qualitative approach, with data collection using an internet-based questionnaire and individual in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed according to Thematic-Categorical Content Analysis, supported by Historical and Dialectical Materialism perspective. Results: the categories produced discuss themes as: cutbacks in health care and the consequences of workforce non-replacement and work overload; salary impact; care model changes; negative impacts on population health. The impact on population health and work was discussed, especially regarding vulnerable groups, as well as in assistance model reconfiguration, reinforcing the biomedical and assistance perspective.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study of the Interaction between Human Rights Defenders and Society in Russia: Assessing the Impact of the 'Foreign Agents' Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Polina Malkova
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
World Regions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Systematic Knowledge ◽  
The Way

In various world regions, human rights defenders (HRDs) often become targets for smear campaigns that seek to discredit and marginalise them. Russia’s “foreign agents” law which brands NGOs as “foreign agents” – a phrase that carries Soviet-era connotations of a spy or traitor – is just one example of states’ attempts to cultivate an unfavorable image of rights defenders in society. Yet, despite the global context of such stigmatising campaigns and their potential to put defenders at further risk, there is very little systematic knowledge about the way citizens react to such rhetoric and whether they express more hostility towards HRDs. This paper seeks to address this gap and explores the interaction of rights defenders with the domestic society in Russia. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with representatives of the domestic human rights community, it demonstrates that while the wider public lacks familiarity with actors in the human rights field, certain social segments do interact with them, both in antagonistic and supportive ways. The paper argues that in the adverse conditions created by the “foreign agents” law, there is a need for rights groups to expand and strengthen the links with their constituencies.

scholarly journals U.S. Multinationals and Human Rights: A Theoretical and Empirical Assessment of Extractive Versus Nonextractive Sectors

2020 ◽  
pp. 000765032092897
Author(s):  
Krishna Chaitanya Vadlamannati ◽  
Nicole Janz ◽  
Indra de Soysa
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Status Quo Bias ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Human Rights Abuse ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

The consequences of foreign direct investment (FDI) for human rights protection are poorly understood. We propose that the impact of FDI varies across industries. In particular, extractive firms in the oil and mining industries go where the resources are located and are bound to such investment, which creates a status quo bias among them when it comes to supporting repressive rulers (“ location-bound effect”). The same is not true for nonextractive multinational corporations (MNCs) in manufacturing or services, which can, in comparison, exit problematic countries more easily. We also propose that strong democratic institutions can alleviate negative impacts of extractive FDI on human rights (“ democratic safeguard effect”). Using U.S. FDI broken up into extractive and nonextractive industries in 157 host countries (1999–2015), we find support for these propositions.1 Extractive FDI is associated with more human rights abuse, but nonextractive FDI is associated with less abuse, after controlling for other factors, including concerns about endogeneity. We find also that the negative human rights impact of extractive FDI vanishes in countries where democratic institutions are stronger. Our results are robust to a range of alternative estimation techniques.

The effect of the 2014 West Africa Ebola virus disease epidemic on multi-level violence against women

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie O’Brien ◽  
Maria Ximena Tolosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Women And Girls

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the disproportionate impact of the 2014 West Africa Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic on women, presenting an assessment of how this impact in particular is linked with violence against women and women’s right to health, and a critique of improvements that could avoid discrimination against women in healthcare crises. Design/methodology/approach This paper covers conceptual understandings of, and utilises a human rights law and public health lens to analyse how the EVD epidemic in West Africa both directly and indirectly caused greater harm to women and girls. All these factors which represent intersectional violations of the human rights of women are examined with a focus on violence against women and the right to health. Findings There are multiple reasons why the EVD outbreak harmed women disproportionately, and this intersectionality of discrimination must be considered in any response to a public health crisis. Addressing the vulnerability of women and girls to all forms of violence involves the coordinated efforts of public health, legal and political actors to empower women. Originality/value Specific issues of the 2014 West Africa EVD outbreak have been examined in medical journals, but there have been no academic studies that present a cross-disciplinary analysis of the gender concerns. This paper combines a public health perspective with a human rights law viewpoint in order to consider the impact of the EVD outbreak on women and provide suggestions as to how discrimination and disadvantage of women in such health crises can be avoided.

scholarly journals PERHELATAN ATRAKSI BUDAYA BAKAR TONGKANG SEBAGAI SALAH SATU ATRAKSI BUDAYA DI RIAU

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Melisa ◽  
Rianto M.Si.Par
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p><em><span>Bakar Tongkang is one of the cultural attractions in Riau Province, namely Bagansiapiapi City. The Bakar Tongkang cultural attraction event is held annually for generations by the local community due to its unique culture and histor</span></em><em><span lang="EN-US">y.</span></em></p><p><em><span>This study was conducted to determine whether the Bakar Tongkang cultural attraction procession in Bagansiapiapi City, Riau Province can be an alternative cultural attraction in Riau Province which is made into a leading attraction. This study uses descriptive qualitative research involving informants representing the Tourism Office, accommodation industry players, transportation industry players, retail store industries, restaurant businesses, street vendors and tourists' views about this cultural attraction procession event as well as the community in Bagansiapiapi City and the organizing committee.</span></em></p><p><em><span>From the results of in-depth interviews and observations made by researchers based on in-depth questions, it was found that almost all informants who became sources of information stated that they strongly supported the existence of this cultural attraction event which was carried out regularly every year due to the positive impact of this cultural attraction procession event, namely the impact to the regional economy and Regional Original Income (PAD) and become a leading attraction, in addition to the success of the procession of this cultural attraction, it also has the impact of traffic jams in the city of Bagansiapiapi during the process, rising prices for lodging, food and rickshaw prices as well as other negative impacts, namely waste.</span></em></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The social and economic impact of international female migration on left-behind parents in East Java, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
M. Faishal Aminuddin ◽  
Saseendran Pallikadavath ◽  
Amie Kamanda ◽  
Keppi Sukesi ◽  
Henny Rosalinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Women ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Female Migration ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Status Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

The objective of this article is to examine the impact of international female labor migration on left-behind parents by taking into consideration the daughters' marital status. Data were taken from in-depth interviews with 37 left-behind parents of migrant women in East Java Province. The study showed that left-behind parents had limited access to the remittances sent by married daughters, except when they carried out childcare responsibilities. Parents of unmarried daughters had some access to remittances, but this varied according to the economic conditions of the family. Left-behind parents were concerned about the safety of their daughters overseas, the marriage prospects of unmarried daughters, the stability of their daughters' marriages and the welfare of left-behind grandchildren. Because the migration of married and unmarried daughters has diverse impacts on left-behind parents, this should be considered in programs that aim to mitigate potential negative impacts of women's migration.

scholarly journals Māori Women, Discrimination and Paid Work: The Need for an Intersectional Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The Political ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Political Will ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Labour Regulation

New Zealand has been at the forefront of labour regulation and views itself as a leader in the field of human rights. However, this article focuses on an area where the law is underdeveloped. It argues that the ongoing socio-economic inequality of Māori women is inconsistent with social justice, New Zealand's international human rights obligations and the Treaty of Waitangi. Improving access to paid work could help to address this, but the law does not adequately address the intersectional discrimination – discrimination on multiple grounds – that Māori women and others experience. New Zealand discrimination law, in both the human rights and employment jurisdictions, is largely comparator-based which is inherently flawed as a mechanism for addressing intersectional discrimination. Moreover, the law is poorly understood and weakly enforced. New Zealand also has limited affirmative action provisions; no quotas or targets are set with regards to improving the access to paid work of Māori women and very few New Zealand employers are required to report on matters pertaining to gender equality. The article concludes that the impact of intersectional discrimination on Māori women (and others) must be recognised and addressed and that a range of options is available to do this, if the political will were present.

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