scholarly journals Analysis of current research in the field of detecting driver fatigue in the vehicle cab

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Alexandr O. Bulygin ◽  
◽  
Alexey M. Kashevnik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Driver Behavior ◽  
Neurophysiological Monitoring ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Driver Fatigue ◽  
Work Training ◽  
Functional States ◽  
Impaired Attention

The article analyzes the methods of detecting driver fatigue which are described in modern literature. There are a great variety of methods for assessing the functional state of a person. A functional state is an integral set of characteristics of those functions and qualities of a person that directly or indirectly determine the performance of any activity. The physical and mental state of a person, the success of his work, training, creativity depends on the functional state of the organism. The assessment of dynamic driver behavior has become an increasingly popular area of research in recent years. Dynamic assessment of driver behavior includes continuous monitoring that allows you to determine functional states, in contrast to modern driver monitoring systems, which assess conditions such as drowsiness and impaired attention for a short (1-10 s) time interval. Such systems allow us to talk about physiological, but not neurophysiological monitoring, which allows monitoring the functional state of fatigue. Therefore, it makes sense to monitor the driver’s state of fatigue of, as well as to warn them in a timely manner to avoid collisions with other vehicles. In the article, a study was carried out and an analysis of the ways to obtain the appropriate characteristics from a person, with the help of which it is possible to determine his functional state of fatigue. As a result of the analysis of the sources, the most common methods for determining the functional state of the driver were selected. Further, the sources found were classified according to the most common methods for obtaining significant characteristics of the functional state of the driver. As a result, a comparative analysis was made, demonstrating the capabilities of modern systems of this class.

Pervasive Environment for Gases Detection and Collapses in Underground Mines

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 2056-2061
Author(s):  
Snider Molina ◽  
Ismael Soto ◽  
Lily Sun ◽  
Ke Cheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Pervasive Environment ◽  
Underground Coal Mines

Safety is an element of extreme priority in mining operations; currently many traditional mining countries are investing in the implementation of wireless sensors capable of detecting risk factors. The objective of this research is to contribute to the implementation of sensors for continuous monitoring inside underground mines providing technical parameters for the design of sensor networks applied in underground coal mines. The analyzed of applying these systems in terms of Benefit, Opportunity, Cost and Risk are discussed. Finally, a dynamic assessment of safety at underground mines it is proposed, this approach offers a contribution to design personalized monitoring networks, the experience developed in coal mines provides a tool that facilitates the application development of technology within underground coal mines.

Driver Fatigue Detection Based on Eye Locating Algorithm

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 855-859
Author(s):  
Wei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Noise ◽  
Impulse Noise ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Driver Fatigue ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Median Filters ◽  
Closed State ◽  
Fatigue Driving ◽  
Fatigue Detection ◽  
Eye Location

A method for driver fatigue detection based on eye locating was researched in this paper.. The eye location was achieved by combining gray information with shape information, and matched the eye template of image with which was in the open state. To observe images within a certain time interval was to identify the open or closed state of the drivers' eyes, so as to determine if they have fatigue driving. The results showed that the algorithm could suppress gaussian noise and impulse noise very effectively, and had better filtering performance than the standard median filters..

scholarly journals Increasing Discovery in Research, Design, and Other Processes with Artificial General Intelligence and General Collective Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy E Williams
Keyword(s):  
State Space ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Problem Domain ◽  
Minimal Set ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Functional States

Any system with repeatable behavior can potentially be defined with the minimal set of functions that might be composed to represent the entirety of that behavior. The states accessible through these functions then forms a “functional state space” through which the system moves. Since functional states spaces can be used to represent every problem domain from physics, to communications, to business operations, to the human cognition itself, a general approach to not only research but design and all other processes of discovery that is applicable to all domains can potentially be defined to radically increase capacity for discovery in each domain.

Psychological peculiarities of auditory cognitive defect when psychopathology

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Kseniya Alekseyevna Belskaya ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Lytayev ◽  
Nikita Yuryevich Kipyatkov
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Auditory Analyzer ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Brain

Work is executed on faculty of normal physiology of Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University of the Ministry of health of Russia and St. Petersburg psycho-neurological dispensary N 1. Of the existing Arsenal of psychophysiological methods in this study, we used the original method of studying perception of auditory images and psychological analysis of the status of higher mental functions in patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia and control group. With increasing levels of anxiety, both healthy subjects and in patients of any information provided may be assessed as important. In such circumstances, the inhibition processes touch flow reduced and insignificant background is estimated sick longer than healthy. Normal perception clean and noisy auditory images has high identifiability (95 %) and efficiency with latent period of 4.2-8.4 C. Taking into account time for вербализацию a decision and biologically significant effect on the perceived information, this time interval corresponds to the physiological norm. The effectiveness of the perception of auditory images in chronic psychopathology is within 40- 75 %, and the latent period - within 11.2-24.3 with that 2.6-2.9 times exceeds the normative time of identification. Reduction in speed and efficiency of information-analytical activities in psychopathological disorders caused, apparently, by the decrease of the functional state of stem-reticular structures included in the first structural-functional Department of the auditory analyzer. The dependence of the quality of auditory-cognitive activity not only from the functional state of cortical fields, responsible for attention, perception, recognition, remembering, but also on the state of slightly-stem systems of the brain responsible tone and reactivity of the brain. Registered reliable link of functional reduce nonspecific brain systems in violation of the neurophysiological mechanisms of perception.

scholarly journals Oculographic markers of abnormal states of an operator as studied using the models of smooth tracking of a target and discreet appearance/disappearance of a stimulus

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-68
Author(s):  
D.V. Zakharchenko ◽  
V.B. Dorokhov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Automatic Evaluation ◽  
Smooth Tracking ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Operator Activity

The possibility is discussed of using the parameters of oculomotor reactions as markers suitable for automatic evaluation, recognition and continuous monitoring of the functional state of an operator, i.e. driver, traffic controller, etc. We used the models of smooth tracking of targets and discrete appearance/disappearance of the stimulus for experimental evaluation of the possibility of recognition of abnormal states of an operator and the disturbances in work they cause. We describe and analyze the changes in visual-motor reactions under the influence of alcohol, 1 g of 96% alcohol per kilogram of operator’s body weight of, i.e. changes in the latency period of macrosaccades and motor reactions, changes in the average instant speed of macrosaccades, changes in reaction time. The changes in smoothness of target tracking caused by alcohol intoxication were also considered. We identified the oculomotor reactions useful as markers to diagnose changes in the functional state of an operator and to diagnose the operator activity.

scholarly journals Technology of intraoperative neuromonitoring by the method of polyprogram electric stimulation at reconstructive neuroplasty operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Marina M. Somova ◽  
Valery L. Domanskiy
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Electric Stimulation ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Neurophysiological Monitoring ◽  
Instrument Selection ◽  
The Face ◽  
Electric Stimulator ◽  
Surgical Field ◽  
The Right

Introduction. When operating on the face and neck, a technology for intraoperatuve neurophysiological monitoring is used to ensure the right nerve function. Aim. Development of a technology for the intraoperatuve neuromonitoring and a practical estimation of its efficiency in the reconstructive neuroplasty surgery. Methods. In 120 patients with the paralysis of mimic muscles after the removal of a cerebellopontine angle neuroma and a facial nerve damage, neuroplasty was performed to restore the innervation. An original technique was developed for identification and monitoring of the functional state of the nerves and muscles intraoperative visual neuromonitoring (IOVNM). Its concept consists in electric stimulation of the nerves within the surgical field and visual observation of the response muscular contractions. A special ESVM-1 electric stimulator with a set of built-in test programs has been created. The control of the instrument, selection of tests, their launch, visual observation of the reactions and the intraoperative monitoring itself are performed by the operating surgeon. Results. The presented technology eliminates the need for a complex equipment for neurophysiological monitoring and does not require the participation of a specialist in neurophysiology. Conclusion. The use of IOVNM during the operation provides an opportunity to assess the functional state of the facial nerve and mimic muscles, to optimize the operation scheme and accelerate its implementation.

scholarly journals Intraoperative neuromonitoring as an element of neurophysiological support system high-tech neurosurgical care

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
M V Alexandrov ◽  
A Yu Ulitin ◽  
V S Chernyi ◽  
O A Toporkova
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Intraoperative Neuromonitoring ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Neurophysiological Monitoring ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Specialized Structure ◽  
Medical University ◽  
North Western ◽  
Electrophysiological Methods

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is comprised of a complex of electrophysiological methods allowing continuous monitoring of the functional state of the nervous system in order to minimize its damage. IONM is a part of an integrated system of high-tech medical care in neurosurgery. Experience gathered at Polenov Russian. Neurosurgery Research Institute infers that the ultimate solution for effective intraoperative monitoring is to develop a specialized structure within the department of functional diagnostics. (For citation: Alexandrov MV, Ulitin AYu, Chernyi VS, Toporkova OA. Intraoperative neuromonitoring as an element of neurophysiological support system high-tech neurosurgical care. Herald of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2018;10(2):92-98. doi: 10.17816/mechnikov201810292-98).

DIAGNOSIS THROUGH BILATERAL MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS AND PATTERN RECOGNITION

1999 ◽  
Vol 07 (05) ◽  
pp. 501-540
Author(s):  
EMMANUEL BOUTLEUX ◽  
BERNARD DUBUISSON
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Membership Function ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Telephone Network ◽  
Gravity Level ◽  
Membership Functions ◽  
Fuzzy Subset ◽  
Functional States ◽  
Functional Mode

On real processes many functional states are usually observed. however some of them may represent difference significant levels (or rates) of the same functional mode. They do not represent by themselves a functional mode, they are only sub-modes of the same functional mode (e.g. one of the functional mode of my car is tank empty; some functional states observed may be 10% empty tank, 50% empty tank, 96% empty tank). Thus the interest is not only to diagnose the functional mode (e.g. tank empty, sleeping driver) but also to highlight the gravity level of this functional mode (e.g. the reaction in the middle of desert, confronted to a 4% empty tank is not the same as confronted to a 98% empty tank). The aim of this paper is to present a diagnosis of the current functional mode of a process and its gravity level. Usually in pattern recognition area, a membership function is a monotonic decreasing function of a Euclidean distance between two objects. Those objects represent two states of the process and a distance here is a dissimilarity measure between those states. Such a distance is defined in all the fuzzy subset associated with this membership function. So that function is monotonic decreasing in all subset directions. In this paper directional membership functions are proposed. In this case the distance is defined only by reference to a path describing the evolution from one functional state to another one. Then the obtained membership function is oriented according to this path and do not decrease identically within all directions in the subset. Such membership functions are then suitable in order to diagnose the state associated with data evoluting between known functional modes. An application to the French telephone network illustrates this method.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF FUNCTIONAL STATE AND WORKING CAPACITY CONTROL OF NAVAL PERSONNEL IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
A. T. Tyagnerev ◽  
E. N. Bezkishkiy ◽  
O. V. Lobozova ◽  
V. A. Stepanov ◽  
S. N. Linchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Capacity Control ◽  
Complex Technology ◽  
Functional States

Introduction. The increase in tension and complexity of the naval personnel work is naturally accompanied by an increase in the risk of formation of unacceptable functional states and a critical decrease in professional reliability. Timely detection and prevention of such states is impossible without the implementation of dynamic monitoring of naval personnel working capacity in the process of professional activity. Purpose of research — substantiation of complex technology of functional state and working capacity control of naval personnel. Materials and methods. During performance of work 215 ship experts of various profile of activity were examined. The studies were carried out using an automated functional state screening control system designed on a modular basis and implemented on a number of Navy orders. The results of research. The systems of dynamic control available at the Navy are an effective tool for early detection of borderline functional States of seafarers; determination of the working capacity stage in which the specialist is currently located; development of recommendations for the implementation of corrective measures. However, in real life, these systems are practically not used, there are no guiding documents regulating their application. Implementation of such automated systems on other ship projects requires adaptation and improvement of such systems. In addition, the Navy has no technical means to monitor the functional status of personnel directly during the performance of particularly complex tasks, the struggle for survivability and other extreme situations. Conclusion. The basic concept of screening control and monitoring of the naval personnel functional state in the process of professional activity is proposed.

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