scholarly journals The content of iodine in pork 

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Herzig ◽  
J. Travnicek ◽  
J. Kursa ◽  
V. Kroupova
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Content ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Iodine Level ◽  
Annual Consumption ◽  
The Relationship

The present study brings current information on providing market pigs and sows with the required iodine level up to date. The results were obtained by the determination of the iodine content in leg muscles and by the relationship between those concentrations and the iodine intake by the human population. The iodine content was assessed by the Sandell-Kolthoff method in 108 samples of leg muscles (m. gracilis) of market pigs from 18 herds in 10 districts of the Czech Republic collected during the period April 2004 to August 2004. Average iodine content in leg muscles of market pigs was 25.6 ± 15.54 μg I/kg fresh matter, median 20.2 and coefficient of variation 60.6%. Significantly higher (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001) iodine levels were recorded in the leg muscles was of herds LI2, ZU, BR, FU, BU, ST and some others. Iodine level variations in the samples from respective farms were expressed in the levels range of 8.5 to 66.2 μg I/kg. The detected variations might have been caused by different iodine saturation of the pigs from different herds, their physiological requirement, manifestation of physiological ability of respective animals to utilize the iodine source, potential effect of goitrogens and environmental conditions. It is necessary to consider the iodine content in pork in the balance of the iodine supply in the shopping basket of consumers. Provided that the average annual consumption of pork is 40.9 kg with iodine content of 25.6 μg/kg(8.5 to 66.2 μg/kg), the average annual iodine intake is 1047 μg, which represents 1.4 to 2.4% of the required intake per person per year.

scholarly journals Content of Iodine in Broiler Meat

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Herzig ◽  
J. Trávníček ◽  
V. Kursa ◽  
J. Kroupová ◽  
I. Řezníček
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Iodine Level ◽  
Broiler Breast

The present study brings current information on providing broilers with the required iodine level by the determination of its content in breast and leg muscles and on the relationship between those concentrations and iodine intake by the human population. The iodine content was assessed by the Sandell-Kolthoff method in 84 samples of broiler breast and leg muscles from seven farms in four districts of the Czech Republic, collected during the period from August to September 2004. Average iodine content in broiler breast and leg muscles was 18.9 ± 6.71 μg I kg-1 and 38.1 ± 19.79 μg I kg-1, respectively, and coefficient of variation was 35.5% and 52.0%, respectively. Iodine concentration in leg muscles was statistically significantly higher (P < 0.0001) relative to breast muscles. Iodine level variations in the samples from respective farms were expressed in the levels range of 11.4 to 24.3 μg I kg-1 and 18.3 to 61.2 μg I kg-1 in breast and leg muscles, respectively. The detected variations might have been caused by different iodine saturation of broilers from different herds, manifestation of physiological ability of respective animals to utilize the iodine source, potential effect of goitrogens and environmental conditions. Statistical significance of correlation (P < 0.05) between average iodine levels in breast and leg muscles was confirmed in respective flocks (r = 0.91). It is necessary to accept the iodine content in broiler meat in the balance of iodine supply in the shopping basket of consumers. Provided that the average annual consumption of poultry meat is 23.9 kg with the iodine content of 18.9 μg kg-1 and 38.1 μg kg-1 in breast and leg muscles, respectively, the annual iodine intake is 452 to 911 μg; that represents 0.8 to 1.7% of the requirement per year, which is 150 μg day-1 for an adult person.

scholarly journals Iodine content in consumer hen eggs

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Travnicek ◽  
V. Kroupova ◽  
I. Herzig ◽  
J. Kursa
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Total Iodine ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
The Czech Republic

This paper presents the latest information about the supply of iodine to meet its requirements in hens of laying type, on the basis of iodine content in egg yolk and about the importance of eggs as an iodine source in human nutrition. The Sandell-Kolthoff method was applied to determine iodine content in the yolk of eggs from 9 large flocks (54 eggs) and 16 small flocks (96 eggs) in 2004, and from 10 large flocks (135 eggs) and 15&nbsp;small flocks (114 eggs) in 2005. Iodine content was also determined in the albumen of 70 eggs. In 2004, the iodine content in the yolk of eggs from large flocks was 1 014.1 &plusmn; 356.6 while in 2005 it amounted to 1 663.8 &plusmn; 1&nbsp;179.7&nbsp;&micro;g/kg fresh matter (P &lt; 0.01); the respective values for the yolk of eggs from small flocks in 2004 and 2005 were 307.1 &plusmn; 255.7 and 519.5 &plusmn; 508.2 &micro;g/kg fresh matter (P &lt; 0.01). Compared to 1996, in 2005, the iodine content in yolk increased by 123.7% in large flocks, and by 19.2% in small flocks. The iodine content in albumen was 16.2&nbsp;&plusmn; 9.7 &micro;g/kg fresh matter, and it accounted for 2.6&ndash;5.0% of the total iodine content in 1 egg. The correlation coefficient between iodine contents in yolk and albumen was r = 0.67. In the Czech Republic, 1 egg from large flocks contains on average 31.2 &micro;g iodine while 1 egg from small flocks contains 10.0 &micro;g. Eggs from large flocks cover 7&ndash;14% and from small flocks 2.2&ndash;4.4% of the daily iodine requirement in adults. Iodine concentrations exceeding 2 500 &micro;g/kg yolk fresh matter in large flocks were measured between week 32 and 60 of the laying cycle and with daily intake of 0.116&ndash;0.132 mg iodine per hen.

scholarly journals New Iodine Food Composition Database and Updated Calculations of Iodine Intake among Norwegians

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Carlsen ◽  
Lene Andersen ◽  
Lisbeth Dahl ◽  
Nina Norberg ◽  
Anette Hjartåker
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Content ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
Dietary Surveys ◽  
Food Composition Data ◽  
Guidelines And Standards

Iodine food composition data of Norwegian foods have been sparse and knowledge about different dietary iodine sources limited. We compiled a comprehensive iodine food composition database and estimated dietary iodine intake among adults in the latest Norwegian national dietary survey (Norkost 3). The iodine content of food and beverages were compiled using international guidelines and standards. Iodine content of 3259 food items were compiled, including analytical values, values from other food composition databases, estimated values, and values that were based on recipes. Estimated iodine intake in the Norkost 3 population ranged from 15 to 1462 µg/day. Men had significantly higher intake of iodine than women (p < 0.001). The proportion of men and women with estimated iodine intake below average requirement was 19% and 33%, respectively. In young women, 46% had estimated iodine intakes below average requirement and a high probability of inadequate iodine intake. Several dietary sources contributed to iodine intake and differences in the consumption pattern may put subgroups at risk of insufficient iodine intake. In the coming years, the determination of iodine in foods and national dietary surveys should be regularly performed to monitor the iodine intake in the Norwegian population.

scholarly journals Geographical distribution of drinking-water with high iodine level and association between high iodine level in drinking-water and goitre: a Chinese national investigation

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Shen ◽  
Shoujun Liu ◽  
Dianjun Sun ◽  
Shubin Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
High Iodine ◽  
Excessive Iodine ◽  
Iodine Level ◽  
Goitre Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship

Excessive iodine intake can cause thyroid function disorders as can be caused by iodine deficiency. There are many people residing in areas with high iodine levels in drinking-water in China. The main aim of the present study was to map the geographical distribution of drinking-water with high iodine level in China and to determine the relationship between high iodine level in drinking-water and goitre prevalence. Iodine in drinking-water was measured in 1978 towns of eleven provinces in China, with a total of 28 857 water samples. We randomly selected children of 8–10 years old, examined the presence of goitre and measured their urinary iodine in 299 towns of nine provinces. Of the 1978 towns studied, 488 had iodine levels between 150 and 300 μg/l in drinking-water, and in 246 towns, the iodine level was >300 μg/l. These towns are mainly distributed along the original Yellow River flood areas, the second largest river in China. Of the 56 751 children examined, goitre prevalence was 6·3 % in the areas with drinking-water iodine levels of 150–300 μg/l and 11·0 % in the areas with drinking-water iodine >300 μg/l. Goitre prevalence increased with water and urinary iodine levels. For children with urinary iodine >1500 μg/l, goitre prevalence was 3·69 times higher than that for those with urinary iodine levels of 100–199 μg/l. The present study suggests that drinking-water with high iodine levels is distributed in eleven provinces of China. Goitre becomes more prevalent with the increase in iodine level in drinking-water. Therefore, it becomes important to prevent goitre through stopping the provision of iodised salt and providing normal drinking-water iodine through pipelines in these areas in China.

scholarly journals Assessment of Iodine Deficiency among School-Going Children of Age Group 6 to 12 Years in Kachchh District, Gujarat State: Cross-Sectional Hospital-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh P. Sharma ◽  
Amitkumar Maheshwari ◽  
Chandan Chakrabarti ◽  
Darshan J. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iodine Level ◽  
Iodine Excretion

Abstract Aim Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is the cause of preventable brain damage, mental retardation, and stunted growth and development in children. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of IDD in Kachchh district, Gujarat, by testing urinary iodine excretion levels and iodine intake of salts in school-going children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted and the level of iodine deficiency was assessed in 223 school children of both sexes, aged 6 to 12 years from four talukas, that is, subdivisions, of the Kachchh district by estimating urinary iodine using Sandell–Kolthoff reaction along with iodine content in edible salt samples by MBI kit (STK-Spot testing kit, MBI Kits International, Chennai, TN, India). Results The median urinary iodine level was found to be 194 μg/L, indicating no biochemical iodine deficiency in the region. In the study areas, 1% of the population showed a level of urinary iodine excretion < 50 μg/L. About 83% salt samples had iodine level more than 15 ppm and the iodine content in salt samples less than 15 ppm was only about 17%, indicating the salt samples at households contain iodine in adequate level. Conclusion There is a need of periodic surveys to assess the change in magnitude of IDD with respect to impact of iodized salt intervention.Furthermore, to strengthen National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Program, factors should be identified. There is also a need to prevent and reimpose the ban on the sale of noniodized salts in Gujarat.

scholarly journals Significant Aspects of the National Mergers in the Czech Republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Veronika Langová ◽  
Jana Gláserová ◽  
Milena Otavová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tax Accounting

The paper deals with issues of national mergers carried out in the year 2015 and 2016. The development of the mergers is characterized by the fact that it is a multidisciplinary areas (tax, accounting and legal), in practice the most widespread method is Mergers through consolidation. The analysis is therefore focused just on this type of merger. It examines the development of mergers carried out in the Czech Republic as well as globally. In the global perspective,is processed the number of mergers and acquisitions, and the trends in company transformations are monitored. For the Czech Republic is analyzed the number of mergers, number of merging companies, including their legal form, the number of registered mergers by individual Regional Courts, the date of entries, determination of the appointed date of merger and date of completion of merger project. Consequently are presented features typical of the implementation of national mergers. The paper also examines the relationship between the number of mergers and GDP and PX index from 2002 to 2016.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NATIONAL INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND CORRUPTION: A CROSS-NATIONAL STUDY

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Stachowicz-Stanusch
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
National Study ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

The main objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between the National Intellectual Capital and the Corruption Perception Index. The analysis of the relationship between the NIC and the CPI was conducted for 16 countries: Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom and was based on NIC data extracted from two sources (Carol Yeh-Yun Lin and Leif Edvinsson (2010), and the generational approach to the National Intellectual Capital measurement presented in the Report on the Intellectual Capital of Poland). Determination of the strength of the correlation between NIC and CPI represents the first step in evaluating intellectual capital as the factor which may reduce the scale of corruption. Evidence of a strong relationship between NIC and CPI confirms the author's hypothesis that a strong relationship exists, at the same time proving that further studies must be carried out to determine the direction of this relationship. Based on the results of such research (providing that NIC is confirmed to have an effect on CPI), it will then be possible to recommend new methods of preventing corruption through the development of NIC.

Thromboplastin Related Differences in the Determination of International Normalised Ratio: A Cause for Concern?

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (03) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kitchen ◽  
I D Walker ◽  
T A L Woods ◽  
F E Preston
Keyword(s):  
Patient Management ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Warfarin Dosage ◽  
External Quality ◽  
External Quality Assessment Scheme ◽  
International Normalised Ratio ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryWhen the International Normalised Ratio (INR) is used for control of oral anticoagulant therapy the same result should be obtained irrespective of the laboratory reagent used. However, in the UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme (NEQAS) for Blood Coagulation INRs determined using different reagents have been significantly different.For 18 NEQAS samples Manchester Reagent (MR) was associated with significantly lower INRs than those obtained using Diagen Activated (DA, p = 0.0004) or Instrumentation Laboratory PT-Fib HS (IL, p = 0.0001). Mean INRs for this group were 3.15, 3.61, and 3.65 for MR, DA, and IL respectively. For 61 fresh samples from warfarin-ised patients with INRs of greater than 3.0 the relationship between thromboplastins in respect of INR was similar to that observed for NEQAS data. Thus INRs obtained with MR were significantly lower than with DA or IL (p <0.0001). Mean INRs for this group were 4.01, 4.40, and 4.59 for MR, DA, and IL respectively.We conclude that the differences between INRs measured with the thromboplastins studied here are sufficiently great to influence patient management through warfarin dosage schedules, particularly in the upper therapeutic range of INR. There is clearly a need to address the issues responsible for the observed discrepancies.

Modern determinants of endometrium hyperplastic processes pathogenesis

2016 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
V.O. Benyuk ◽  
◽  
V.M. Goncharenko ◽  
T.R. Nykoniuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Receptor Phenotype ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Endometrial Proliferation

The objective: to еxplore the relationship between the activity of endometrial proliferation and the state of the local immune response in the uterus in the conditions berprestasi process. Patients and methods. Examined 228 women of reproductive and perimenopausal age with endometrial pathology using ultrasound and then performing hysteroresectoscopy. Determination of the concentrations of the cytokines IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF was performed by solid phase ELISA. Results. Found a trend that confirms the loss of sensitivity to hormones at the stage of malignancy of the endometrium and can be used as diagnostic determinants in determining the nature of intrauterine pathology and criterion of the effectiveness of conservative therapy. Conclusion. Improving etiopatogenetice approach to the therapy of hyperplastic proce.sses of endometrium with determination of receptor phenotype of the endometrium is a research direction in modern gynecology, which will help to improve the results of treatment and prevention of intrauterine pathology. Key words: endometrial hyperplasia,the receptors for progesterone and estrogen, immunohistochemical method.

Calculating the aerodynamics of vertical axis wind turbines

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Bich Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Velocity Triangle ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Vertical axis wind turbine technology has been applied last years, very long after horizontal axis wind turbine technology. Aerodynamic problems of vertical axis wind machines are discussible. An important problem is the determination of the incidence law in the interaction between wind and rotor blades. The focus of the work is to establish equations of the incidence depending on the blade azimuth, and to solve them. From these results, aerodynamic torques and power can be calculated. The incidence angle is a parameter of velocity triangle, and both the factors depend not only on the blade azimuth but also on the ratio of rotational speed and horizontal speed. The built computational program allows theoretically selecting the relationship of geometric parameters of wind turbine in accordance with requirements on power, wind speed and installation conditions.

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