scholarly journals Technical efficiency of the food and drink industry and its determinants

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 409-422
Author(s):  
Zdeňka Náglová ◽  
Marie Šimpachová Pechrová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
Food And Drink

This study focuses on evaluating the technical efficiency (TE) of food and drink companies in the Czech Republic and on finding its determinants. The analysis is based on the data of 597 firms and uses the stochastic frontier method. We have identified the key players in the market and the less effective groups of processors. Foreign-owned companies have a strong position because of a better economy, but the results showed that their efficiency is comparable with that of Czech-owned companies. The results helped confirm that the size of the company influences its TE. The lowest efficiency was observed in small companies. TE also differed among branches of the food industry. The highest efficiency was in the bakery and milk industries, and the lowest efficiency was in fruit and vegetable processing. Subsidised firms reached a significantly higher efficiency. With respect to economic results, there is still a need to improve competitiveness through investments.

scholarly journals The Technical Efficiency of Local Action Groups: a Czech Republic Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1065-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Vrabková ◽  
Pavel Šaradín
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Local Action ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Action Groups

Local Action Groups (LAGs) represent a dynamic platform for inter-municipal cooperation in Europe. Their principal advantages include EU funding and the capacity to generate economic returns and stimulate the development of local communities. The methodology used for the evaluation of the performance of LAGs is defined by the EU on the one hand and by national authorities on the other. Furthermore, there are an entire array of evaluation tools and academic experiments available. The present paper does not aim at a comprehensive evaluation of LAGs, but instead only examines the technical efficiency of LAGs. Using the Czech Republic as an example, the paper introduces an evaluation tool to measure the technical efficiency of LAGs and describes how it can be applied. The adoption of this tool is seen as a means of improving one of the parameters of the performance of LAGs.

scholarly journals Food industry in the Czech Republic – with regard to labour force development

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
M. Putićová ◽  
J. Mezera
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Force Development

The submitted paper analyses the development of food industry in the Czech Republic in 2000–2006, its position (in 2006) and development trends of main economic indicators compared to the development of manufacturing industry. In comparison with the dynamic development of Czech manufacturing industry, key position of food industry has decreased. The monitored food sector has heterogeneous structure with regard to branches. In connection with these differences, development trends of separate branches are fluctuating but labour productivity of the food sector as a total has markedly accelerated.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Human Resources in Public Hospitals: An Example from the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4711
Author(s):  
Iveta Vrabková ◽  
Ivana Vaňková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis Model ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Strong Control ◽  
Efficiency Rate

Healthcare is a highly sophisticated segment of the public sector, which requires not only highly professional and competent staff, but also a properly set ratio of healthcare professionals. In the Czech Republic, the state, as the main guarantor of health care, applied strong control through price and volume control. The aim of the paper is to define the differences in the technical efficiency of public hospitals, with regard to the size of hospitals and partial types of human resources. An input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis model (DEA model) was chosen for modeling the technical efficiency of 47 public hospitals. The personnel performance concept of the evaluation of technical efficiency was further implemented in eight specific models, from the perspective of individual input variables relative to output variables and according to different assumptions regarding the character of economies of scale. The results of technical efficiency were analyzed using correlation, regression analysis, and the Bootstrap method. The least efficient hospitals in terms of hospital size are large hospitals, and the most balanced results have been achieved by medium-sized hospitals. The average efficiency rate in models that include all selected input and output variables is highest in medium-sized hospitals, with a value of 0.866 for CRS and an efficiency rate of 0.926 for VRS. The rationalization of human resources should be implemented in order not to reduce the quality of care provided.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Public Procurement in the Czech and Slovak Health Care Sectors

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-133
Author(s):  
Juraj NEMEC ◽  
Matúš KUBÁK ◽  
Gleb DONIN ◽  
Zuzana KOTHEROVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Allocation Efficiency ◽  
Ex Ante

Health systems in most (if not all) countries perpetually struggle with financial problems and search for resources to cover health care needs. Increased efficiency of health procurement has the potential to save a lot of money and to reallocate them to treatments. The aim of our study is to analyze technical efficiency (efficiency/economy dimension) and allocation efficiency (effectiveness) of public procurement in health care facilities in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, countries whose health systems are governed by the principle of universal access to high quality health services. Concerning the technical efficiency, the results show a low rate of competitiveness whereby the potential of competition is not exploited. In terms of allocation efficiency, our research also sufficiently illustrates the criticality of the situation; however, compared to the element of technical efficiency the situation in the evaluated countries is different. In Slovakia, purchases are usually decided by doctors and procurement is prepared without the necessary ex-ante analysis. In the Czech Republic, the ex-ante evaluation of purchasing of medical equipment is regulated, however, the decision-making process is non-transparent and does not guarantee allocative efficiency. The study has critical policy implications – both countries should urgently adopt measures to improve their respective procurement processes.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Impacts of Weather on Technical Efficiency in Czech Agriculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1645-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Hřebíková ◽  
Lukáš Čechura
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Proxy Variable ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Production Function ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Models ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
Frontier Production Function ◽  
The Impact

Although weather is a significant determinant of agricultural production, it is not a common practice when analysing production to control for its impact. The problem is methodological, since it is difficult to find a proper proxy variable for weather in these models. The aim of this study is to investigate these issues. First, several possibilities for describing weather and its inclusion into stochastic frontier models are defined and discussed. Then, the explicit impact of weather on the technical efficiency of Czech farmers in different regions of the Czech Republic for the period 2004–2009 is analyzed and discussed. We use a proxy variable in the form of Iowa indices in the production analysis, in order to capture the impact of weather on technical efficiency. A stochastic frontier production function model in the form of the BC Model is defined, and weather enters the model as a variable explaining technical inefficiency. The paper arose within the framework of solution of the 7thFP EU project COMPETE no 312029.

scholarly journals Technical efficiency and its determinants in the European Union

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nowak ◽  
T. Kijek ◽  
K. Domańska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
The Difference

The study concerns the measurement of the technical efficiency of agriculture in the 27 European Union (EU) countries in 2010. The studies were conducted based on the result-oriented DEA method assuming variable advantages of scale. Moreover, in the study, the factors affecting technical efficiency were identified, and the econometric modelling of their impact was performed with the use of the Tobit model. The studies indicate that across the 27 EU Member States, the level of the technical efficiency of agriculture is diverse, and the difference between the states with the highest and the lowest efficiencies is 40%. Cyprus, Denmark, Greece, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy and Malta were identified as the countries with the thoroughly technically efficient agriculture. In turn, the least technically efficient agriculture is observed for the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia and Slovakia. Taking into account the factors determining the technical agriculture efficiency, it should be noted that the stimulants have proven to be such factors as: the soil quality, the age of the head of the household and the surcharges for investments. In turn, the size of the farm appeared to be irrelevant from the viewpoint of the technical efficiency of the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals The Factors Influencing Economic Efficiency of the Hospital Bed Care in Terms of the Regional Allowance Organizations

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Vaňková ◽  
Iveta Vrabková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Average Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospital Bed

Abstract This paper aims to provide an efficiency evaluation of selected hospital bed care providers during years 2010 -2012 with respect to selected factors: The size of the hospital establishment according to number of beds, number of hospitalized patients, the average length of stay per a patient in care, total staff cost calculated per bed, total revenues calculated per bed, and total costs calculated per bed. For this purpose, hospitals providing primarily acute bed care were chosen. From the legal point of view, they are allowance organizations of a particular region. The evaluation concerns both allocative efficiency and technical efficiency. The allocative efficiency is treated from the proper algorithm point of view and it compares total costs calculated per bed with total revenues calculated per bed. A method denominated Data Envelopment Analysis was applied for the calculation of the technical efficiency of units. To be more specific, it was input-oriented model with constant returns to scale (CCR). The input parameters involve the number of beds, the average length of stay and costs per day of stay. Output parameters were as follows: Bed occupancy in days and the number of hospitalized patients. The data published by the Institute of Health Information and Statistic of the Czech Republic and by ÚFIS system (the Data Base of Ministry of Finance of the Czech Republic) were used as the source of data. The evaluation implies that only three hospitals were economically-effective: Silesian Hospital in Opava, Hospital Jihlava, and TGM Hospital Hodonín. The most significant factor influencing the efficiency was determined - the average length of stay.

scholarly journals Factors for Choosing a Point of Purchase of Meat Products

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-646
Author(s):  
Martin Souček ◽  
Jana Turčínková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Contingency Analysis ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Point Of Purchase ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

This paper is focused on factors influencing consumers when choosing an outlet when shopping for meat products. This issue is very relevant in the Czech Republic as there were a number of problems and affairs in the food industry in the past period. Consumers begin to change their buying habits gradually and focus more on product quality. In the Czech Republic producers specializing in their production of meat products on quality have begun to improve their situation. The research results come from a questionnaire survey conducted in the Czech Republic (n = 1137). The data were processed with Statistica v. 11. Frequency tables, contingency tables and cluster analysis were used for the data analysis. Results show that in the Czech population a strong influence of price as a factor influencing a choice of point of purchase still prevails. Analyses focused on assessment of three hypotheses that were validated through decomposition into sub-hypotheses and application of contingency analysis. Measures of associations were examined in particular in relation to age category of respondents, household income, and level of attained education. In all cases, associations were identified for all three characteristics, the strongest associations were found particularly in the context of respondent’s age. The presented results show that managers of stores selling meat products should pay attention to a demographic structure of their customers and adjust their services and offer to their preferences.

scholarly journals The Specifics of the Internationalization Process of Czech SMEs in the Food Industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Tuzová ◽  
Martina Toulová ◽  
Lea Kubíčková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this paper is to define the specifics of the internationalization process of Czech small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the food industry. The food industry is the largest manufacturing sector in the EU which consists mainly of SMEs. However, in the Czech Republic it has to face increasing imports of foreign food products because of growing globalization, while exports lag behind. Thus, enterprises should be encouraged to internationalize in a greater extent to maintain their competitiveness. The paper explores the main motives, barriers and risks involved in internationalization as perceived by these enterprises. The results are based on primary data obtained by questionnaire surveys performed among Czech food industry SMEs, thus it is based on data about SME’s real experiences and perception of interntaionalization process. According to our results, Czech SMEs from food industry are driven to internationalize mainly by their efforts to grow or by unsolicited foreign demand for their product. However, as the biggest barriers are perceived those connected with the lack of knowledge about foreign market and administrative requirements. The identified motives and barriers are compared with results of similar researches from Slovakia and Poland. Moreover, the results of Czech SMEs risk perception in internationalization are depicted in risk matrix which assess not only the effect of risk but also the possibility of its occurrence.

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