scholarly journals Analisis Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Materi Debit Pada Kelas V Sekolah Dasar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Vitta Putri Lestari ◽  
Bagus Ardi Saputro ◽  
Sukamto Sukamto
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Personal Problems ◽  
Effective Teaching Strategies ◽  
Minimum Score ◽  
Final Answer ◽  
Standard Limit ◽  
Math Problems

Mathematical problem solving is a method used to solve knowledge and ability problems related to calculation problems, both personal problems and group problems in everyday life. This research was conducted to determine how the ability of students in solving math problems in elementary schools on discharge material using tests. This research was a type of research that uses qualitative methods with descriptive types, where each result of this analysis will be more accurately and clearly expressed about the problem-solving abilities of students in solving problems. The subjects were 5 students of fifth grade of elementary school. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires, observation, documentation, and tests of mathematical problem-solving abilities as well as interview guides. This research showed that 0% of students experience errors at the question reading stage. 20% of students indicate the error lies in understanding the problem. 16% of students indicated the location of the error in the transformation problem. 24% of students showed the location of the error in the numeracy process skills and the biggest error was writing the final answer by 80%. From this study, there were 1 student who scored below the minimum score, 4 students had exceeded the predetermined standard limit for mathematics lessons. Based on this research, it can find out the locations of the students' mistakes so that it provides instructions for the teacher where the teacher can deploy effective teaching strategies to overcome them.

scholarly journals Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Teori Newman

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Ririn Rahmawati ◽  
Fertilia Ikashaum
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Common Error ◽  
The Third ◽  
Calculation Process ◽  
Final Answer ◽  
Math Problems ◽  
Systematic Thinking

Problem solving ability is one of the mathematical abilities that need to be mastered by students to equip students in logical, analytical, systematic thinking and the ability to work well together. In addition, this problem solving ability is very important for students to train students in solving problems in everyday life. This study aims to analyze student errors in solving mathematical problem solving problems based on Newman's theory. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this study were students of class VII-A SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Menggala. Data collection used in the form of tests, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the most mistakes made by students were in writing the final answer, which was caused because students did not understand the commands in the questions well. The second most common error is the transformation error caused because students do not have the skills to change the language of the problem into a mathematical model. The third error, namely misunderstanding the problem caused by students not being careful in writing down the information in the problem, and not getting used to writing down the information in the problem when solving math problems. The fourth error, namely the error of process skills caused by students not being careful in carrying out the calculation process

scholarly journals Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability in Differential Equation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Ari Suningsih ◽  
Dewi Nopitasari
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Entire Data ◽  
Math Problems ◽  
Academic Year

This study aims to describe the student's ability to solve math problems in the Differential Equation course in Polya's steps. This research is a descrip-tive study. The research subjects were the 6th-semester students of STKIP MPL for the 2018-2019 academic year. Data analysis used processed and pre-pared data, read the entire data, analyzed the detail, implemented the coding process, described themes, interpreted the data. The study found that the easy variable differential equation problems could be separated, 2 students understood the problem, 5 students initiated the solution, 4 students com-pleted through the plan, 2 students checked again, 2 students completed through the plan, no students checked again.

An Evaluation of a Process-Oriented Instructional Program in Mathematical Problem Solving in Grades 5 and 7

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall I. Charles ◽  
Frank K. Lester
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Instructional Program ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Student Growth ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Process Oriented

This paper provides an overview of a process-oriented instructional program and reports the results of an evaluation of that program. Twelve fifth-grade and 10 seventh-grade teachers implemented the Mathematical Problem Solving program for 23 weeks. Eleven fifth-grade and 13 seventh-grade teachers taught control classes. The experimental classes scored significantly higher than the control classes on measures of ability to understand problems, plan solution st rategies, and get correct results. Trend analyses showed different student growth patterns for the three measures of problem-solving performance. Data from interviews with teachers supported the results of the quantitative analysis and suggested that both students and teachers had changed positively with respect to attitudes toward problem solving. In addition, teachers gained confidence in their ability to teach problem solving.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS’ NUMBER SENSE AND MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annisa Mutmainnah ◽  
Zetra Hainul Putra ◽  
Syahrilfuddin Syahrilfuddin
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Number Sense ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
The Relationship

This research was aimed to find the relationship between the fifth-grade students’ number sense and mathematical problem-solving. The participants of this study were 73 fifth grade students from a private Islamic school in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. This study applied a quantitative research method, namely a simple correlation. Instruments for measuring students’ number sense consist of 5 indicators; number concepts, multiple representations, effects of operations, equivalent expressions, and computing and counting strategies. While, the instruments to measure students’ problem-solving consist of 4 domains; numbers, fractions, geometry, and measurements. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between students’ number sense and mathematical problem-solving. After that, a correlation test was also conducted between each number sense indicator and each mathematical problem-solving domain. The indicator of computing and counting strategies has the highest correlation with measurement.

The Effects of Cognitive Strategy Instruction on the Mathematical Problem Solving of Adolescents With Spina Bifida

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Coughlin ◽  
Marjorie Montague
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Strategy Instruction ◽  
Cognitive Strategy ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Strategy Instruction ◽  
Math Problem Solving ◽  
One Step ◽  
Math Problems

This study investigated the effects of cognitive strategy instruction on the mathematical problem solving of three adolescents with spina bifida. Conditions of the multiple-baseline across-individuals design included baseline, two levels of treatment, posttesting, and maintenance. Treatment 1 focused on one-step math problems, and Treatment 2 focused on two-step problems. All students substantially improved as measured by performance on criterion tests of math problem solving. Discussion centers on the need for intervention studies with students with spina bifida that specifically address their unique characteristics and the adaptations and accommodations that benefit these students.

scholarly journals Teacher’s instruction in the reflection phase of the problem solving process

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Meira Koponen
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Classroom Discussions ◽  
Reflection Phase ◽  
Mathematical Discussions ◽  
Wrong Direction ◽  
Problem Solving Process

Mathematical problem solving has a key part in developing students’ mathematical thinking. Yet in the Finnish primary school classrooms mathematics lessons are very traditional and have little room for problem solving and mathematical discussions. Although problem solving has been a part of the Finnish curriculum for a few decades, it is the teachers who seem to choose not to include problem solving in the classroom on a regular basis. In this article I take a look at three Finnish fifth grade teachers who took part in a study on problem solving. They each incorporated problem solving in their mathematics lessons approximately once a month, and in this study I focused on one of the problems – an open problem called “The Labyrinth”. In each lesson I chose to focus on the teachers’ instruction in the reflection phase of the problem solving process. When instructing individual students in the reflection phase and during whole-classroom discussions, the teacher has an opportunity to point out the important parts of the problem solving process, help the students make connections and recall key moments of the process. In the reflection phase there is an opportunity to reflect, review and analyze one’s solutions and make generalizations. In the Labyrinth problem the teacher’s own understanding of the solution was an important factor during the instruction and the whole-classroom discussion. If the teacher’s instruction was purely led by the students’ own discoveries and insights, some important points were left unexplored. The teacher can even lead the students to the wrong direction, if he or she hasn’t carefully thought through the solution of the problem beforehand. The problem solving lesson is not just about finding a suitable problem and presenting it to the students, but guiding the students in the process.

scholarly journals Profil Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa SMP Negeri 1 Jogoroto Berdasarkan Langkah-langkah Polya Ditinjau dari Adversity Quotient

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Selvy Sri Abdiyani ◽  
Siti Khabibah ◽  
Novia Dwi Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Learning Problems ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Math Problems

Abstract:The results of the TIMSS survey, PISA, and the facts show that students' mathematical problem solving abilities are still low. This means that students have difficulty working on math problems, especially problem solving problems. Adversity Quotient (AQ) has an important role for students in solving learning problems. There are 3 AQs namely quitters, campers, and climbers. This study attempts to describe the profile of students' mathematical problem solving based on Polya's steps in terms of quitters, campers, and climbers. The result shows that quitters students cannot carry out the four steps of Polya problem solving well, namely understanding the problem, making problem planning, carrying out problem planning, and re-examining the process and results of the settlement. Campers students are not able to re-examine the results and processes that have been written. While climbers students can carry out all four steps in solving the intended Polya problem. Abstrak:Hasil survey TIMSS, PISA, dan fakta dilapangan menunjukkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa masih rendah. Artinya siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam mengerjakan soal matematika, khususnya soal pemecahan masalah. Adversity Quotient (AQ) memiliki peranan penting bagi siswa dalam memecahkan masalah belajar. Ada 3 AQ yaitu quitters, campers, dan climbers. Penelitian ini mencoba mendeskripsikan profil pemecahan masalah matematika siswa berdasarkan langkah-langkah Polya ditinjau dari quitters, campers, dan climbers. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa quitters tidak dapat melaksanakan empat langkah-langkah pemecahan masalah Polya dengan baik yaitu memahami masalah, membuat perencanaan masalah, melaksanakan perencanaan masalah, serta memeriksa kembali proses dan hasil penyelesaian. Siswa campers tidak mampu melakukan pemeriksaan kembali terhadap hasil dan proses yang sudah ditulisnya. Sedangkan siswa climbers dapat melaksanakan seluruh empat langkah pemecahan masalah Polya yang dimaksud.

scholarly journals Local wisdom-oriented problem solving learning model to improve mathematical problem solving ability

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Parwati ◽  
I Gusti Putu Sudiarta ◽  
I Made Mariawan ◽  
I Wayan Widiana
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Mathematics Problems ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Mathematics Problem

The aim of this study was to describe and to test the effect of problem solving learning model oriented toward Balinese local wisdom (PSBLW) and type of mathematics problems (open and closed problems) on the ability to solve mathematics problem of the fifth grade students of elementary in Singaraja. This quasi-experimental research used non-equivalent control group design with pretest and posttest. The data were analyzed with factorial 2x2 analysis of covariance (Anacova). The sample consisted of the fifth grade students of Elementary School with the total of 152 students spread into 4 classes. The sample was selected by cluster random sampling. The data were collected using mathematics problem solving ability test at the 5% significance level (α = 0.05). The statistical analysis was done with the aid of SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The results showed that (1) the ability, may to solve mathematics problems of the students who learned through PSBLW is higher than those who learned through direct instructional model; (2) the students’ability to solve problems facilitated with open mathematics problems was higher than that with closed mathematics problems. The conclusion is local wisdom-oriented problem solving learning model efective to improve mathematical problem solving ability.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATERI PECAHAN KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Siti Puji Lestari ◽  
Ryky Mandar Sary ◽  
Sukamto Sukamto
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
School Students ◽  
Class V ◽  
Fifth Grade Students

Implementation of Problem Based Learning Models on Mathematical Problem Solving Capabilities of Elementary School Class V Fractions. The objectives to be achieved in this study are to determine the implementation of Problem Based Learning models in the mathematical problem solving ability of fraction material for fifth grade students of elementary schools and To identify whether there is an increase or not the ability to solve mathematical problems of students towards the implementation of Problem Based Learning models of fractions for students class V SDN Tlogorejo Pati. This type of research is a mixed methods research method in the form of concurrent embedded. The study population was all fifth grade students of SD Tlogorejo Pati 2019/2020 Academic Year. Samples takeere 30 fifth grade students using Nonprobability Sampling in the form of Saturated Sampling. Data collection techniques used for research instruments are tests, interviews, observations and documentation. The instruments used were validated tests by experts, interview guidelines and observation guidelines. Data in this study were obtained through interviews, tests, observations, and documentation. Based on the results of calculations using the t test obtained tcount = 30.29 with ttable = 2.001. Because tcount = 30.29> ttable = 2.001, H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that the ability to solve problems before and after treatment is not the same in grade V elementary school students. Then the results of calculations using N-Gain obtained calculation results of 0.640. These results fall into the moderate classification. So it can be concluded an increase in the ability to solve problems in fractional material gets an average increase of 0.640. This means that there is an increase in the ability to understand the problem in the Problem Based Learning model. 

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