scholarly journals Size and Development of the Third Sector: An Insight Into Cross-Country Differences

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Primož Pevcin
Keyword(s):  
Relative Size ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Performance Orientation ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Insight Into

Non-profit or third sector is a very diverse sector and its socio-economic importance is rising in modern societies, although the way in which this sector is operating is changing dramatically, causing that dividing lines with for-profit and government sector are blurring. Nevertheless, quite substantial differences can be observed in the development and relative size of non-profit sector across countries, several factors potentially contributing to those differences. Consequently, the purpose of the paper is to theoretically and empirically investigate the effect of governmental interventionism, level of economic development and extent of societal heterogeneity on the variations in the size of the non-profit sector across countries, since theory predicts certain macro relations between those variables. Furthermore, the paper tries to address certain limitation and pitfalls of the development of non-profit sector in the future, predominantly related to increased pressures for commercialisation and performance orientation.

The hologram effect in entrepreneurial “social commercial” enterprises

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Crossan ◽  
Pat Ibbotson ◽  
Jim Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Good ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Measurement Framework ◽  
And Performance

PurposeThe paper's purpose is to present qualitative findings describing entrepreneurial differentiations between non‐profit organisations along a social economic continuum. The paper aims to focus on those non‐profit organisations classified as “social” and those more entrepreneurial behaving organisations classified as “social commercial”.Design/methodology/approachThe data were taken from recent research examining current classification systems and performance measurement indicators applied to not‐for‐profit and for‐profit organisations in an Irish regional context. Having reviewed the extant literature on classification systems and measurement indicators for non‐profit organisations, the social economic continuum model and theoretical measurement framework were developed. In order to test the models, the study employed a pragmatist mixed methodological approach; employing quantitative surveys and in‐depth interviews.FindingsThe paper presents key entrepreneurial differentiating themes between “social” and “social commercial” organisations, and discusses the triggers that produce a “hologram” effect or style of management in the third sector.Practical implicationsThe identification of entrepreneurial themes allows for the analysis of the non‐profit organisations from overly social in their activities and presentation, to overly economic in their behaviour. It allows for a greater understanding of the management processes employed by non‐profit organisations to create social value and meet their social aims and purpose.Originality/valueThe paper carries out a unique inter‐sector comparison of non‐profit organisations to determine entrepreneurial differentiations amongst non‐profit businesses employing entrepreneurial methodologies and behaviours to achieve social good.

scholarly journals Qualidade da Informação Contábil das Entidades do Terceiro Setor Brasileiras

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Fernando Maciel Ramos ◽  
Roberto Carlos Klann
Keyword(s):  
Information Quality ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Low Level ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Accounting Practice ◽  
Quality Of Accounting Information

In this study, the objective was to analyze the quality of accounting information of Brazilian non-profit organizations. As for the objective the research is characterized as a descriptive one; as for the research strategy it is documental and as for the approach it is quantitative. In order to measure the quality of the accounting information of the analyzed entities, it was prepared a checklist starting from the accounting rules that guide the accounting practice of the third sector entities made up of seven sections and 59 requisites, which enabled the construction of the Quality Index for Accounting Information. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation) and the results indicated a low level of the accounting information quality reported by the analyzed entities, especially when compared to for-profit organizations. One comes to the conclusion, based on the findings, that the analyzed entities present a low level of quality as to the accounting information which may jeopardize the information usefulness reported by these entities users. 

We are not all the same: what motivates individuals to be members of professional associations varies by sector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Young ◽  
David Berlan
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Action Networks ◽  
American Society

Does the sector that an individual works in influence their motivation to participate in voluntary associations? Private and public engagement motivation theories hold that individuals participate in these collective action associations to either benefit themselves or benefit the common good, respectively. While previous research has evaluated motivations to join, the influence of engagement motivation theory by sector has yet to be evaluated. This study uses the 2011 American Society of Association Executives’ (ASAE) ‘Decision to Join II’ study to examine whether an individual’s sector influences their motivation to engage in formal, voluntary collective action networks. We found that non-profit and government sector employees value benefits that impact the public good more than benefits that directly impact themselves. These findings suggest that there may be a difference in the type of benefits that individuals who work in for-profit, non-profit and government sectors value when deciding whether or not to engage in voluntary associations.

scholarly journals How the Health and Social Care Act 2012 has affected commissioning of mental health in England

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp19X703373
Author(s):  
Alisha Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
And Performance

BackgroundNHS mental health services are under pressure due to chronic underfunding and constrained resources. The Health & Social Care Act implemented an extensive restructure of the NHS and introduced three new legal duties: duty to arrange, promote competition, and integrate services.AimTo establish how the Health and Social Care Act 2012 affected commissioning of mental health services in England and how the duties are being fulfilled.MethodFreedom of Information (FOI) requests were sent to all 211 clinical commissioning groups in England. The number, value, and length of all contracts for mental health services were requested from 2013 to 2016 by type and name of provider; as well as a range of quality and performance data.ResultsThe FOI received a 93% response rate. CCGs commissioned between 1–127 contracts each: 65.3% of all contracts were awarded to the third sector (private for profit, not for profit, and voluntary organisations), amounting to 6% of the total value of contracts commissioned. NHS foundation trusts were awarded 25% of contracts, worth 70% of the total value of contracts. 71% of contracts had no evidence of quality monitoring.ConclusionThe high volume and low value of contracts commissioned to third sector organisations fulfils the new duty to arrange but not to integrate; showing considerable fragmentation of mental health provision. The emerging external market is a result of the Health & Social Care Act promoting diversification of the provider market. Finally, the lack of quality and performance data raises concerns over the transparency and accountability of an NHS that is increasingly being provided by companies.

IMPLEMENTASI KEPUTUSAN GUBERNUR SUMATERA SELATAN NOMOR. 201/KPTS/BPKAD/2017 TENTANG PENERAPAN PPK-BLUD BPSDMD PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabul Aman
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
City Government ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Work Units ◽  
Performance Development ◽  
And Performance

The Implementation of PPK-BLUD is an exception in financial management in general which provides flexibility in the form of freedom to implement sound business practices to improve service to the community. Exceptions given are intended to improve service quality and performance productivity which are non profit oriented. So that not all regional apparatus or work units of regional apparatus can implement PPK-BLUD, but only regional device organizations or work units of regional apparatus whose main tasks and functions provide services directly to the community or in other terms called Quasi Public Goods, namely regional apparatus in its operations some of it is financed from the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget, partly from the results of the services provided, however, its nature is not solely for profit. The application of PPK- BLUD in the Regional Human Resource Development Agency of the Province of South Sumatra is stipulated by Governor Decree Number 201 / KPTS / BPKAD / 2017 dated March 17, 2017 with Full BLUD status. The purpose of implementing PPK BLUD is 1) Improving the quality of public services in this case education and training services; 2) Improving efficiency and Financial Performance; 3,) Increasing benefits for Stakeholders. After implementing PPK-BLUD BPSDMD, South Sumatra Province gets funding sources in the form of services from the results of cooperation with the regency / city government in Sumatra, South Sumatra, vertical agencies in the region, as well as ministries including the Ministry of Human Rights, Kemenrisdikti, Supreme Court and provincial/district governments/cities and other institutions in implementing cooperation in the implementation of education and training.Keywords: PPK-BLUD; Performance; Development

A comparative analysis of the practice and performance of microfinance institutions in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1522-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ayopo Babajide ◽  
Joseph Niyan Taiwo ◽  
Kehinde Adekunle Adetiloye
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The successful story of microfinance institutions is often tied to the practice and methods of credit delivery as evidence among international world class microfinance institutions across the globe. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of practice and methods of credit delivery employed by “non- profit” and “for-profit” microfinance institutions on financial sustainability and outreach programmes of the microfinance institutions in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts the survey research design and multi-stage stratified random sampling procedure to collect data from 372 senior management staff, managing directors and board members of microfinance institutions of both groups in Nigeria. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regressions analysis. Findings The findings suggest that the current practice and methods of credit delivery of microfinance in both “non-profit” and “for-profit” microfinance institutions have an inverse relationship with the financial sustainability and outreach programmes of the institutions. This study provides empirical evidence for the incessant failure of microfinance institutions in Nigeria. Research limitations/implications The study therefore recommends an immediate overhaul of the methodology and practice of microfinance institutions in the country to align with international best practice. Originality/value In spite of the huge literature on microfinance in Nigeria, there is not enough evidence to empirically prove that the practice of microfinance has affected the performance of the industry in Nigeria. This study sets out to fill that gap in the literature. The paper examines the practice of microfinancing in Nigeria vis-à-vis the performance of the microfinance institutions, categorized into NGO and microfinance bank “for-profit” institutions using international best practices from countries where microfinance is highly successful as a benchmark for deployment of microfinance in Nigeria, in order to proffer policy direction to stakeholders on steps to take to ensure viability in the microfinance subsector in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Esittävän taiteen vapaa kenttä osana muuttuvaa kolmatta sektoria

2017 ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Anu Oinaala ◽  
Vilja Ruokolainen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Organizational Membership ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Independent Sector ◽  
The Third Sector ◽  
And Performance

Independent Performing Arts Sector as a Part of the Third Sector inTransition This article examines the Finnish independent performing arts sector as a part of the so-called third (non-profit and voluntary) sector. The independent performing arts sector is analyzed from the viewpoint of the changing nature of the new third sector as identified in recent research. The aim of the article is to describe the agents in the manifold independent sector of performing arts and to analyze what kind of forms the elements important to the so-called new third sector, organizational membership and paid labour, take in the independent performing arts. From the genres of performing arts, theatre, dance, circus and performance art are investigated. There are two sets of data. Quantitative data consists of the number of productions performed in the Helsinki region during 2009–2011 by the independent performing arts sector and the number of the artists participating in those productions. The qualitative data includes case studies from 16 independent performing arts groups from around Finland. In addition to case studies, research methods include typification and network analysis. This article is concerned especially with four identified transitions in the third sector: from volunteerism to professionalism, from institutions to informal groups, from influencing to performing services and from traditional membership to different forms of participation. We conclude that the independent sector in the performing arts consists of a variety of forms of organization, and the volume of productions by groups that are not formally organized is significant. Membership has several different meanings, and they often differ from the traditional notion of the concept. In the independent sector of the arts different forms of employment and labour are mixed. The independent performing arts sector uses many familiar third sector features such as forms of organization, tradition of volunteering and light administration to organize and fund its activities, but it also moves freely outside the third sector conventions, borrows and creates its own ways, which are sometimes again borrowed by actors outside the arts sector. Keywords: Independent arts sector, performing arts, third sector

scholarly journals Higher Education and the Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Catharine Hill
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
The Government

<p>Neoclassical economists make the case for profit seeking firms in the private sector because they supply goods and services efficiently, meeting consumer demand at the least possible price and the highest quality. The government also supplies some goods and services directly, and also has made provisions for non-profit firms to do so, recognizing that in some cases for-profit firms will not supply them efficiently, because of a variety of market failures. In the United States, higher education has been one of those services that has traditionally been supplied to a large extent by non-profits and the government sector, and not by the for-profit sector. Over the last few decades, that has been changing radically, with much of the growth in enrollments in higher education taking place in the for-profit sector. Understanding the evolving roles of for-profits, non-profits and the public sector in the provision of higher education over the past several decades is important because they can have public policy implications. The government’s response to market failure, in particular, has welfare implications for both individuals and society.</p>

How do callings relate to job performance? The role of organizational commitment and ideological contract fulfillment

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1319-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Soo Kim ◽  
Donghoon Shin ◽  
Heather C Vough ◽  
Patricia Faison Hewlin ◽  
Christian Vandenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Do individuals with callings perform better than those without? Why or why not? There are not clear answers to these questions in the literature. Using a social exchange framework, we posit an intervening process between callings and job performance, focusing on the role of organizational commitment and ideological contract fulfillment – the degree to which organizations live up to their ideological promises. Specifically, individuals with callings will be more committed to their organization, and this commitment, in turn, leads to job performance. Further, this relationship of calling to job performance through commitment will be attenuated when employees perceive under-fulfillment of ideological contract. We found support for these hypotheses across three studies that utilized self- or supervisor-rated performance data from a non-profit organization and multiple for-profit organizations. Interestingly, while the relationship between commitment and performance did depend on fulfillment of the ideological psychological contract, contrary to our prediction, the calling-commitment relationship was not attenuated by under-fulfillment of ideological contract. Our findings deepen our understanding of the organizational implications of callings from a social exchange-based perspective. This study further informs practitioners as to hiring and motivating individuals with a calling.

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