Similarity Learning Algorithm Selection for Chronic Renal Failure Patients Treatment Strategy Optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 701-705
Author(s):  
I. Lakman ◽  
◽  
R. Akhmetvaleev ◽  
D. Enikeev ◽  
R. Khaziakhmetov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Calcium Balance ◽  
Similarity Learning ◽  
Algorithm Selection ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Cosine Measure ◽  
Measure Of Similarity ◽  
Personalized Approach

One of the main methods on which the personalized approach in medicine is based is finding a pair of patients who are similar in the properties of the disease. The objective of the study is to select the most effective similarity learning instrument amongst three options anaemia treatment and phosphorus-calcium balance recovery in dialysis patients, ranked according to the highest similarity to the particular patient. As soon as methods for comparing instruments will achieve the goal, the algorithm of weight tagging is used, modified by the authors by adding more weights values to important features — the cosine measure, the soft cosine measure, considering the similarity of drug alternative and their bioavailability. As a metric that evaluates the quality of algorithms, a combined metric is used that takes into account the quality of treatment classification as effective and the rank order of the greatest correspondence of therapy to a specific patient. As a result, using the opinions of nephrologists as experts, it was shown that the best measure of similarity is the soft cosine measure.

scholarly journals Immunomonitoring of Monocyte and Neutrophil Function in Critically Ill Patients: From Sepsis and/or Trauma to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 5815
Author(s):  
Ivo Udovicic ◽  
Ivan Stanojevic ◽  
Dragan Djordjevic ◽  
Snjezana Zeba ◽  
Goran Rondovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Immune Phenotyping ◽  
Personalized Approach

Immune cells and mediators play a crucial role in the critical care setting but are understudied. This review explores the concept of sepsis and/or injury-induced immunosuppression and immuno-inflammatory response in COVID-19 and reiterates the need for more accurate functional immunomonitoring of monocyte and neutrophil function in these critically ill patients. in addition, the feasibility of circulating and cell-surface immune biomarkers as predictors of infection and/or outcome in critically ill patients is explored. It is clear that, for critically ill, one size does not fit all and that immune phenotyping of critically ill patients may allow the development of a more personalized approach with tailored immunotherapy for the specific patient. In addition, at this point in time, caution is advised regarding the quality of evidence of some COVID-19 studies in the literature.

scholarly journals Bacterial superinfections among persons with coronavirus disease 2019:A comprehensive review of data from postmortem studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius J Clancy ◽  
Ilan S Schwartz ◽  
Brittany Kula ◽  
M Hong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Postmortem Studies ◽  
Lung Infections ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

Abstract Background Limited clinical data suggest ~16% prevalence of bacterial superinfections among critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods We reviewed postmortem studies of patients with COVID-19 published in English through 26 September 2020 for histopathologic findings consistent with bacterial lung infections. Results Worldwide, 621 patients from 75 studies were included. The quality of data was uneven, likely because identifying superinfections was not a major objective in 96% (72/75) of studies. Histopathology consistent with potential lung superinfection was reported in 32% (200/621) of patients (22-96 years old; 66% men). Types of infections were pneumonia (95%), abscesses or empyema (3.5%), and septic emboli (1.5%). Seventy-three percent of pneumonias were focal rather than diffuse. Predominant histopathologic findings were intra-alveolar neutrophilic infiltrations that were distinct from those typical of COVID-19-associated diffuse alveolar damage. In studies with available data, 79% of patients received antimicrobial treatment; most common agents were beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors (48%), macrolides (16%), cephalosoprins (12%), and carbapenems (6%). Superinfections were proven by direct visualization or recovery of bacteria in 25.5% (51/200) of potential cases, and 8% of all patients in postmortem studies. In rank order, pathogens included Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Lung superinfections were causes of death in 16% of potential cases, and 3% of all patients with COVID-19. Conclusions Potential bacterial lung superinfections were evident at postmortem examination in 32% of persons who died with COVID-19 (proven, 8%; possible, 24%), but they were uncommonly the cause of death.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for Comparison of Reception Performance in a Technique Test and Small-Sided Games

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Arne Sørensen ◽  
Vidar Sørensen ◽  
Terje Dalen
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Novel Approach

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between soccer players’ performance of receptions of passes in tests of both isolated technical skills and more match-realistic situations in small-sided games (SSGs). In addition, this study investigated whether the involvement in SSGs (number of receptions) correlated with the quality of receptions in the respective SSGs. The participants were 13 male outfield youth soccer players from teams in the first division of the regional U18 league. The quality of receptions was scored by educated coaches according to set criteria of performance. Statistical analyses of correlations were determined using Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient (rs). The main results were (1) a significant correlation in the quality of ball reception between 4vs1 SSGs and 5vs5 SSGs (rs = −0.61, p < 0.01) and (2) a trend towards moderate correlation between the quality of ball reception using a ball projection machine and 5vs5 SSGs (rs = −0.48, p = 0.10). (3) A significant correlation was found between the number of receptions in 5vs5 SSGs and the quality score of receptions in 5vs5 SSGs (rs = −0.70, p < 0.01). The trend towards moderate correlations between 5vs5 SSGs and the isolated technical reception test could imply the importance of training in the technical aspects of ball reception. Moreover, it seems as though the players with the best reception performance are the players who are most involved in SSGs, that is, having the most receptions.

scholarly journals How to Cope with Big Data in Functional Analysis of the Esophagus

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-442
Author(s):  
Alissa Jell ◽  
Christina Kuttler ◽  
Daniel Ostler ◽  
Norbert Hüser
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Motility ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Esophageal Motility Disorders ◽  
Motility Disorders ◽  
High Resolution Manometry ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
Core Evaluation

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Esophageal motility disorders have a severe impact on patients’ quality of life. While high-resolution manometry (HRM) is the gold standard in the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders, intermittently occurring muscular deficiencies often remain undiscovered if they do not lead to an intense level of discomfort or cause suffering in patients. Ambulatory long-term HRM allows us to study the circadian (dys)function of the esophagus in a unique way. With the prolonged examination period of 24 h, however, there is an immense increase in data which requires personnel and time for evaluation not available in clinical routine. Artificial intelligence (AI) might contribute here by performing an autonomous analysis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> On the basis of 40 previously performed and manually tagged long-term HRM in patients with suspected temporary esophageal motility disorders, we implemented a supervised machine learning algorithm for automated swallow detection and classification. <b><i>Results:</i></b> For a set of 24 h of long-term HRM by means of this algorithm, the evaluation time could be reduced from 3 days to a core evaluation time of 11 min for automated swallow detection and clustering plus an additional 10–20 min of evaluation time, depending on the complexity and diversity of motility disorders in the examined patient. In 12.5% of patients with suggested esophageal motility disorders, AI-enabled long-term HRM was able to reveal new and relevant findings for subsequent therapy. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This new approach paves the way to the clinical use of long-term HRM in patients with temporary esophageal motility disorders and might serve as an ideal and clinically relevant application of AI.

Quality of life in breast cancer sufferers

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 721-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Essmat Shouman ◽  
Nahla Fawzy Abou El Ezz ◽  
Nivine Gado ◽  
Amal Mahmoud Ibrahim Goda
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure health-related quality of life (QOL) among patients with early stage cancer breast under curative treatment at department of oncology and nuclear medicine at Ain Shams University Hospitals. Identify factors affecting QOL among these patients. Design/methodology/approach – A cross-sectional study measured QOL among early stage female breast cancer (BC) patients and determined the main factors affecting their QOL. Three interviewer administered questionnaires were used. Findings – The physical domain mostly affected in BC patients and the functional domain least. Socio-demographic factors that significantly affected BC patients QOL scores were patient age, education, having children and family income. Specific patient characteristics include caregiver presence – a factor that affected different QOL scores. Age at diagnosis, affection in the side of the predominant hand, post-operative chemotherapy and difficulty in obtaining the medication were the disease-related factors that affected QOL scores. Originality/value – The final model predicting QOL for early stage female BC patients included age, education and difficulty in obtaining the medication as determinants for total QOL score. Carer presence was the specific patient characteristic that affected different QOL scores.

A Rank Order of Eateries: A Chicago Stochastic Model

1974 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Donald H. Haider
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Yorkers

.... The hands of men took hold and tugged And the breaths of men went into the junk And the junk stood up into skyscrapers and asked Who am I? Am I a city?Carl Sandburg-“The Windy City”Robert Merriam, picking up where his father left off, once indicated that it would take 50 years for an aroused citizenry to root out corruption in Chicago. It has taken at least that long to upgrade Chicago's restaurants. Several decades ago, top gourmet societies labelled Chicago a “gastronomic wasteland.” Among the many old clichés and modern prejudices that the Windy City is constantly seeking to outlive is the quality of its restaurants. New Yorkers, of course, will not let old myths die. Gail Green,New York Magazinegalloping gourmet, recently went away from Chicago dubbing its restaurants the “Big Potato” — homely and solid, mealy and bland. Chicago epicureans responded by a whirlwind tour of the Gotham Town's “Best and Most Delectable,” writing devastating critiques of New York's much overrated eating places. If one can transcend these diatribes and gastronomic polemics, you will find Chicago to be as good a dining town as there is in the U.S.A. — variety, service, and prices.

Do we achieve the Montgomery standard for consent in orthopaedic surgery?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xenia N Tonge ◽  
Henry Crouch-Smith ◽  
Vijay Bhalaik ◽  
William D Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Orthopaedic Patients ◽  
Recorded Data

Aims/Background The Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board (2015) case set a precedent that has driven the modernisation of consenting practice. Failure to demonstrate informed consent is a common source of litigation. This quality improvement project aimed to provide pragmatic guidance for surgeons on consent and to improve the patient experience during decision making. Methods Elective orthopaedic patients were assessed and the quality of documented consent was recorded. Data were collected over two discrete cycles, with cycle 1 used as a baseline in practice. The following criteria were reviewed: grade of consenting clinician, alternative treatment options, description of specific risks, place and timing of consent and whether the patient received written information or a copied clinic letter. Cycle 1 results were presented to clinicians; a teaching session was provided for clinicians on the standard of consent expected and implementation of a change in practice was established with a re-audit in cycle 2. Results There were 111 patients included in cycle 1, and 96 patients in cycle 2. Consent was undertaken mostly by consultants (54%). Specific patient risks were documented in 50% of patients in cycle 1 and 60% in cycle 2. Risks associated with a specific procedure were documented in 42% in cycle 1 and 76% in cycle 2, alternative options in 48% (cycle 1) and 66% (cycle 2). A total of 14% of patients in cycle 1 and 8% in cycle 2 had documented written information provision. Copied letters to patients was only seen in 12% of all cycles. Documentation from dedicated consenting clinics outperformed standard clinics. Conclusions Highlighting poor documentation habits and refining departmental education can lead to improvements in practice. The use of consenting clinics should be considered and clinicians should individually reflect on how to address their own shortcomings. Other units should strongly consider a similar audit. This article provides stepwise advice to improve consent and specifics from which to audit.

Automatic verification method of progressive image model matching information based on machine learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Yuan Ji ◽  
Zhou Zhu ◽  
Liya Huang ◽  
Junfeng Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Large Error ◽  
Model Matching ◽  
Target Image ◽  
Image Model ◽  
Verification Method ◽  
Low Performance

In order to solve the problems of large error and low performance of traditional progressive image model matching information checking methods, an automatic progressive image model matching information checking method based on machine learning is proposed. The generation method of progressive image is analyzed, and the target image sample is obtained. On this basis, machine learning algorithm is used to segment progressive image samples. In each image segmentation part, crawler technology is used to automatically collect progressive image model matching information, and under the constraint of image model matching information checking standard, automatic checking of progressive image model matching information is realized from geometric structure, image content and other aspects. Experimental results show that the verification error of the design method is reduced by 0.687 Mb, and the quality of progressive image is improved.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document