scholarly journals Spatial Segregation, Redistribution and Welfare: A Theoretical Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Gabrieli
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Median Voter ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Economic Equilibria ◽  
Economic Opportunities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Effort

This paper develops a theoretical model focusing on the effect that different neighborhood compositions can have on the formation of individual beliefs about economic opportunities. Specifically we highlight two effects that spatial segregation may have: (1) it can efficiently separate the individual effort choices of highly and low productive individuals, (2) it may imply that the median voter imposes a level of redistribution that is inefficient from the aggregate point of view. The trade-off implies that segregated and non-segregated cities may present very similar levels of aggregate welfare. We employ this framework to discuss how the structure of cities can play a role in the determination of US-type and Europe-type politico-economic equilibria and the implications for planning policies.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE AND CULTURE: DYAD AND UNITY

2013 ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
A. L. Semenov ◽  
V. I. Ershov ◽  
D. A. Gusarov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Honorary Doctor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

This paper deals with the concept of the translation approach to the problem of interaction of language and culture in terms of determination of the translation solutions by linguoethnic factors. The authors pay main attention to the analysis of the notion of culture. The concept proceeds from the views and opinions regarding the culture and its role in shaping the identity of the person introduced by the honorary doctor (doctor honoris cause) of the MGIMO-University Federico Major in his book «New page». Sharing the point of view of F. Major , the authors come to the conclusion that culture is a knowledge, based on which an individual perceives and evaluates his performance and behavior. Projecting such a position on the verbal behavior, the authors highlight the leading role of culture in the process of producing a speech act played when choosing the individual models of behavior on the basis of the knowledge of the communicative situation. Based on F. Mayor`s opinion that culture unites rather than divides people, the authors note the presence of universal and unique linguoethnic elements in the cultural knowledge of the representatives of various ethnic groups which determine the degree of similarities and differences in the ways of expressing knowledge in different languages. In this paper the authors reasonably use the term «linguoethnic» to describe the cultural-cognitive peculiarities inherent to individuals as representatives of different ethnic groups, as well as give comparison of the terms «linguoethnic» and «linguocultural».

Random packing of an interval. II

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 591-602
Author(s):  
David Mannion
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Random Packing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Initial Size ◽  
Moderate Size ◽  
The Individual

We showed in [2] that if an object of initial size x (x large) is subjected to a succession of random partitions, then the object is decomposed into a large number of terminal cells, each of relatively small size, where if Z(x, B) denotes the number of such cells whose sizes are points in the set B, then there exists c, (0 < ≦ 1), such that Z(x, B)x −c converges in probability, as x → ∞, to a random variable W. We show here that if a parent object of size x produces k offspring of sizes y 1, y 2, ···, y k and if for each k x - y 1 - y 2 - ··· - y k (the ‘waste’ or the ‘cover’, depending on the point of view) is relatively small, then for each n the nth cumulant, Ψ n (x, B), of Z(x, B) satisfies Ψ n (x, B)x -c → κ n (B), as x → ∞, for some κ n (B). Thus, writing N = x c , Z(x, B) has approximately the same distribution as the sum of N independent and identically distributed random variables (The determination of the distribution of the individual appears to be a difficult problem.) The theory also applies when an object of moderate size is broken down into very fine particles or granules.

scholarly journals Crystalline perfection of an aluminium single crystal determined by neutron diffraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-687
Author(s):  
Sabrina Metairon ◽  
Carlos Benedicto Ramos Parente ◽  
Vera Lucia Mazzocchi ◽  
Thierry Jacques Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Crystalline Perfection ◽  
Contour Map ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Crystalline Domains

In this work, a study of the crystalline perfection of an aluminium single crystal is presented. The study shows that, from three-dimensional neutron diffraction rocking curves, it is possible to characterize the individual crystalline domains of a multidomain crystal. From a macroscopic point of view, the determination of the domains allows an evaluation of the crystalline perfection of the crystal under study. Three-dimensional rocking curves have been obtained by neutron diffraction from a large mosaic aluminium crystal. Construction of a contour map of individual domains made it easier to determine the breadth and relative intensity of each domain. The angular distances between domains were also determined.

scholarly journals Model of methodical system of genetic education in form 10 by the program "Biology and ecology"

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 357-362
Author(s):  
K. I. Borodina ◽  
A. M. Kmets
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Student Interaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Genetic Education ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
School Concept ◽  
The Individual

Aim. The article is devoted to the development of the theoretical model of the methodical system of teaching the genetics in the 10th form, determining the components of each element of the system and links between them on the basis of theoretical analysis of the content of the educational program in biology and ecology for the 10th form, the requirements of the State standard of basic and complete general secondary education, provisions of the of the New Ukrainian school concept. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, modeling. Results. The authors have proposed a model of the methodical system of teaching genetics in the 10th form under the new program, from the point of view of the individual and the whole and the connections between the elements of the system. Conclusions. There are connections between the elements of the methodical system, these connections acquire new qualities if this system is included as a component in the system of teacher – student interaction. An important factor in functioning the methodical system is the optimal combination of goals, objectives, teaching technologies, which include the organizatio of teacher pedagogical activities and student learning; different training forms; training tools. Keywords: methodical system, training technologies, student interaction, goals, objectives.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF CONSULTING VALUABLE ORIENTATIONS OF MODERN UKRAINIAN STUDENT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olexandr Horban ◽  
Tetyana Kuprii ◽  
Liudmyla Ovsiankina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Age Factors ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Instrumental Values ◽  
Functional Point ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psychological Features

The article deals with the problem of the dynamics of the manifestation of value orientations of modern Ukrainian students, the patterns of their occurrence and factors influencing their formation in the context of philosophical, sociological, ethical and cultural dimensions and cross-cultural comparative studies. The article focuses on the problem of the existence of modern youth, the formation of new ideological and humanistic values, and the search for basic principles of world attitude in the conditions of transformational changes in society as a whole. The process of integrative and social development of modern youth, which is accompanied the changes of hierarchical correlations of values and appearance of new, and also socially psychological features which show up on the different levels of valued-normative sphere of personality in a socio-cultural context under act of gender-age factors, is analysed. It is rotined that principles of organization, logician of functioning and processes which generate the individual and superindividual systems of values at all of likeness of common concepts have different nature and require different interpretations accordingly. Development of method of practical research of the individual and / either superindividual systems of values requires the constructions of operational determination of key categories which are utillized in research. From the functional point of view instrumental values activate as criteria, as standards of estimation during a choice only to modus (to the method) of conduct or actions, and a terminal is utillized an individual during the estimation of both aims of activity and possible methods of their achievement.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Framework for Estimating the Rate of Return to a Pharmacy Education Anywhere

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Manuel J. Carvajal ◽  
Ioana Popovici
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Rates Of Return ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Education Investment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Undertaking a pharmacy education is an investment in human capital. Candidates trade off present versus future costs and benefits. They make this investment with the expectation of earning enough income throughout their worklives to make their undertaking financially worthwhile. Whether or not this occurs is determined by the rate of return. The aim of the current study was to construct a theoretical model to estimate the rate of return to a pharmacy education investment. Specifications for model assumptions, inputs, and outputs are discussed. The outputs are the rates of return, the inputs are the costs and benefits of a pharmacy education, and the assumptions illustrate the circumstances of the individual or group for whom the model is built. The rate of return is the annual percentage that equates the streams of benefits and costs over the investment span. The higher the value of the rate of return to a pharmacy education is, the more profitable is the investment. This theoretical model may be used to estimate the financial viability of pharmacy and compare it to the viability of other professions or to the viability of pharmacy among various locations.

scholarly journals Investigating Greenland's glaciers

1990 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
A Weidick
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glacier Fluctuations ◽  
Glacier Changes ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Investigations of Greenland's glaciers undertaken by GGU are primarily related to the exploitation of meltwater from the Inland lce and local glaciers in western Greenland, i.e. they are essentially related to glacier hydrology (Olesen & Braithwaite, 1989). The studies are therefore based on mass balance data combined with investigations of superglacial melt/refreezing and the determination of the internal mode of drainage. Related to this work is the documentation of short-term glacier changes at specific localities identified as being of special interest for hydropower from the point of view of glacier hazards, i.e. for example damage caused by tapping of ice dammed lakes or change of proglacial draining caused by change in the glacier's thickness and extent. Similar documentation of long-term glacier fluctuations provides a background for control and modelling of past glacier fluctuations. The procedures have a direct bearing on the calculation of scenarios for future events related to the individual localities or, in a regional sense, to the impact of changes in Greenland glaciers on global sea level (the 'greenhouse effect’).

Random packing of an interval. II

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-602
Author(s):  
David Mannion
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Random Packing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Initial Size ◽  
Moderate Size ◽  
The Individual

We showed in [2] that if an object of initial size x (x large) is subjected to a succession of random partitions, then the object is decomposed into a large number of terminal cells, each of relatively small size, where if Z(x, B) denotes the number of such cells whose sizes are points in the set B, then there exists c, (0 < ≦ 1), such that Z(x, B)x−c converges in probability, as x → ∞, to a random variable W. We show here that if a parent object of size x produces k offspring of sizes y1, y2, ···, yk and if for each k x - y1 - y2 - ··· - yk (the ‘waste’ or the ‘cover’, depending on the point of view) is relatively small, then for each n the nth cumulant, Ψn (x, B), of Z(x, B) satisfies Ψn (x, B)x-c → κn (B), as x → ∞, for some κn(B). Thus, writing N = xc, Z(x, B) has approximately the same distribution as the sum of N independent and identically distributed random variables (The determination of the distribution of the individual appears to be a difficult problem.) The theory also applies when an object of moderate size is broken down into very fine particles or granules.

scholarly journals Improved Signals Ratio Resolution Method by Optimization of Resolution Function—Simultaneous Determination of Cu(II) and Cd(II) in Water Samples

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 1185-1197
Author(s):  
Zorana Grabarić ◽  
Damir Iveković ◽  
Laszlo Sipos ◽  
Bozidar S Grabarić
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Resolution Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Fold Excess

Abstract From an ecological and economical point of view, it is important to design analytical procedures for monitoring heavy metals in the environment and industrial processes in a way to minimize the use of hazardous reagents and reduce the analysis time. In this paper, a well-known dithizonate extraction-based method for the determination of many metal ions was improved by using chemometrical selectivity of the strongly overlapped spectra of copper and cadmium dithizonates in CCl4 for their simultaneous determination from a single extraction at pH 10. The individual absorption spectra, having absorption maxima difference of only 20 nm, were separated, and the metal ions were quantified by using an improved procedure for optimizing the resolving function in a recently proposed signals ratio method. The procedure consists of using many different resolving functions and plotting the difference of the mean of absolute and nonabsolute mean values of pseudosignals [PDMMV (PS)] against analyte concentrations obtained with each of the resolving functions, thus obtaining 2 straight lines having intersections that give a unique and reliable value of the unknown concentration of the individual analyte in mixture giving strongly overlapped spectra. In this way, the main drawback of the signals ratio resolution method, that is, the visual estimation of optimal resolving function, is eliminated. The proposed parameter, PDMMV (PS), was tested by using both simulated and experimental spectra. Copper was determined in the mixture with ca 20-fold excess of cadmium, and cadmium was determined in ca 10-fold excess of copper at submicromolar concentration levels.

scholarly journals Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics and Politics: Their Common Field of Inquiry and Their Common Reader

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Leszek Skowroński
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nicomachean Ethics ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Human Good ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Effort ◽  
Common Field ◽  
Field Of Inquiry

The aim of the article is to indicate that there is quite strong support in the text of the Nicomachean Ethics for the argument that its inquiry is “political” rather than “ethical” in character – the textual evidence provides reasons to challenge the traditional belief that Aristotle separated ethics from politics and started the rise of ethics as a new branch of philosophy. In addition, one can posit a hypothesis (and this has already been done) that the reader, whom Aristotle had in mind while writing what we now know as the Ethics, was a politician-lawgiver (and not just any educated Greek or – which is even less probable – any human being). So the reader aimed at in the Ethics is the same as the reader aimed at in the Politics – a politician-lawgiver. The Ethics and the Politics are a two-part but inseparable compound that together make a textbook for a politician-lawgiver. Both parts should be read together because the one cannot be understood correctly (i.e. as closely as possible to the intentions of their author) without the other. Aristotle studies human good not from the point of view of the individual but from the point of view of the human community. The highest human good – the philosopher’s eudaimonia – is achieved not by individual effort (or not fundamentally by that) but as a result of good laws and a well-organized life in a polis.

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