scholarly journals Dynamics of survival of patients with prostate cancer at the population level, taking into account the stage of the disease and place of residence

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
R. D. Andreeva ◽  
R. S. Nizamova ◽  
A. A. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
The Russian Federation

Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is rapidly gaining a leading position in the incidence of malignant tumors among men. With a general decrease in mortality from all oncological diseases, mortality from PCa in the Russian Federation is increasing: in 2005 there were 8192 deaths, in 2015 - 11987.Objective of the study. Calculation and assessment of survival rates for patients with PCa in the Samara region for the period from 2010 to 2016, taking into account the stage of the disease, the place of residence of patients, a comparative analysis of the observed, adjusted and relative 5-year survival for this disease in a number of regions of Russia and in the world.Materials and methods. The object of the study was all registered patients for the period 2010-2016, with the first established PCa.The calculation and analysis of the observed (OS), adjusted (AS) and relative (OS) survival of 7670 patients with PCa taking into account the stage of the disease and place of residence (urban residents — 6408people, rural — 1262), registered in the database of the population cancer registry of Samara Region Clinical Oncology Clinic. The start date of the study is January 1, 2010, the end date is December 31, 2019. The calculation of survival was carried out by the dynamic (actuarial) method.Results. When assessing the survival of patients with PCa, lower rates of observed survival were observed than adjusted, which indicates the presence of intercurrent causes of death.During the study period, an inverse dependence of survival on the prevalence of the tumor process was revealed. The level of observed survival and adjusted survival of all patients is associated in the survival range at stages II—III: 1-year-old observed survival — 89.1 % (adjusted survival — 92.3 %), 5-year-old observed survival — 62.6 % (adjusted survival — 76.6 %).The adjusted and relative survival rate for the urban population is higher than for the rural population, which may indicate an insufficient level of access to cancer care for patients with PCa in rural areas: the indicators of 1-year adjusted survival of urban residents are higher — 3.3 % (relative survival — 2.4 %), 5-year-old adjusted survival—7.4 % (relative survival — 10.3 %) than in patients registered in rural hospitals.Conclusion. A comparative analysis of indicators of 1- and 5-year survival of patients with PCa in the Samara region and a number of regions of the Russian Federation for 2006—2010 revealed that domestic indicators of 1-year and 5-year relative survival are slightly lower than the European average for 2000—2007. The range of indicators of the 5-year relative survivalfor 2010—2013 in the Samara region amounted to 82.2—93.1 %.

Prostate cancer patient’s survival in Lithuania

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
Giedrė Smailytė ◽  
Robertas Adomaitis ◽  
Karolis Ulinskas ◽  
Birutė Aleknavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Survival Differences

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the survival of prostate cancer patients during the 12-year period and to analyze differences in survival by period of diagnosis, stage of disease, age and place of residence. Materials and methods. All newly diagnosed cases of prostate cancer (ICD-10, C61) in men were identified in the Lithuanian Cancer Registry for the period 1994–2005. Five-year relative survival estimates were computed with the Hakulinen method using the STATA software. Five-year relative survival estimates were calculated for three different periods of time when prostate cancer was diagnosed (1994–1997, 1998–2001 and 2002–2005), by age (15–59, 60–74, and 75–99), stage at diagnosis (I, II, III, IV, unknown) and place of residence (cities and towns or rural areas). Results. The survival of prostate cancer patients in Lithuania has dramatically increased. Five-year relative survival in the period 1994–1997 was 46.92% and in the period 2002–2005 it reached 86.49%. Medium age prostate cancer patients (60–74 years) compared to younger and older patients had better survival rates. Increasing survival was observed for all stages of disease. Lower five-year relative survival rate of prostate cancer patients was reported for men from villages or other rural areas compared to patients from cities and towns in all periods under study. Conclusions. The five-year survival rate of patients with prostate cancer has increased from 46.92% (95% CI 44.12–49.74) in 1994–1997 to 86.49% (95% CI 84.73–88.22) in 2002–2005 in Lithuania. The study identified survival differences by age and place of residence. Issues, such as access to care, quality of medical care, must be made equally available and accessible for the whole population with special attention to older men and men living in rural areas.

scholarly journals Epidemiology, index of accuracy, histological structure, year-by-year lethality and survival of patients with malignant melanoma. Population study – part II

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 638-644
Author(s):  
Vakhtang Merabishvili ◽  
Elvira Merabishvili
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Skin Melanoma ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
The Russian Federation

For any research development, we must first make sure that the material selected for research is reliable. Among the six main most reliable criteria for evaluating the performance of cancer services, such as morbidity, mortality, and the level of morphological verification of tumors – the most important indicators are the index of accuracy, primary mortality and survival of patients with malignant tumors. Purpose. To determine the level of index of accuracy for patients with skin melanoma (C43) and its dynamics from 1995 to 2018 in Russia as a whole and in a number of administrative territories. Calculate the 5-year observed and relative survival and typical mortality in the northwestern Federal district of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods of research. The material for the study is statistical collections, including author's ones, and the database of the cancer register of the northwestern Federal district of the Russian Federation. Standard methods of statistical analysis were used. Obtained result. It is important to note that for all administrative territories, whose PCR database were involved in calculating the 5-year observed and relative survival rates, the level of survival rates of patients with melanoma of the skin is significantly lower than the average European (Eurocare–4). Conclusions. Thus, the study revealed a significant improvement in the treatment of patients with malignant melanoma of the skin. At the same time, the estimated 5-year observed and relative survival rates of patients with malignant melanoma of the skin remain relatively low.

scholarly journals Stages of the objective assessment system development for the activities of the oncological service in Russia and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation (morbidity, mortality, index accuracy, annual mortality, median survival, observed and relative survival of patients with malignant tumors). Part II

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vakhtang Merabishvili ◽  
Alexey M. Belyaev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Oncology Research ◽  
The Russian Federation

To plan anti-cancer measures and to correctly manage its condition, it is necessary to use only reliable sources of its formation. For this purpose, a system of Population-based or territorial Cancer Registries (PCR) has been created in Russia. The first Registry was the St. Petersburg PCR, created by us in 1993, which became the school of methodological preparation of the system in the administrative territories of Russia. The corresponding Order No. 420 of April, 19, 1996 issued by the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation has legitimized a new organizational structure and entrusted it with the supervision of the P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute. Unfortunately, to date, the PCR databases are not used, when creating state reports, analytical developments on the PCR database are either not conducted, or are used extremely rarely. The only exception was the St. Petersburg PCR, and now the entire Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation (NWFD RF) and 6 more administrative territories operating under our programs. The materials of the real state of the oncological service, prepared on the basis of the St. Petersburg PCR database, have been published by us in more than 20 monographs in St. Petersburg and the Northwestern Federal District of Russia. In this paper, we present the dynamics of analytical indicators calculated according to the PCR database, which sharply differ from the data of the Form No. 7 Annual Reports. The calculated indicators are close to the European average and have a positive trend.

THE FIRST RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE CANCER SERVICE OF THE NORTH-WESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, CONDUCTED ON THE BASIS OF THE CREATED POPULATION CANCER REGISTER OF THE FEDERAL DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-239
Author(s):  
В. М. Мерабишвили ◽  
А. М. Беляев
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cancer Service ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
North Western

Полностью сформированная база данных Популяционного ракового регистра (БД ПРР) Северо-Западного Федерального округа Российской Федерации (СЗФО РФ) в феврале 2019 г. позволила существенно расширить возможности объективной оценки деятельности онкологической службы на более надежной основе аналитических материалов. В России впервые появилась возможность проводить эпидемиологические исследования злокачественных новообразований по редким локализациям опухолей, любым возрастным группам и расчеты показателей выживаемости больных. БД ПРР насчитывает более 1 млн наблюдений, включает все рубрики и подрубрики МКБ-10 по II классу - коды С00-96. В работе представлена динамика заболеваемости и смертности населения СЗФО РФ в сравнении со среднероссийскими показателями, достоверность учета и выживаемость больных злокачественными новообразованиями. Установлено увеличение онкологической заболеваемости в СЗФО РФ за 8 лет на 10,4% в стандартизованных показателях и снижение смертности населения в СЗФО РФ на 11,4% в тех же показателях. Рассчитана динамика пятилетней наблюдаемой выживаемости больных СЗФО РФ с учетом возрастных групп. Надежность БД ПРР СЗФО РФ подтверждается тем, что материалы трех административных территорий после тщательной проверки включены в монографию МАИР «Рак на 5 континентах», том XI (Санкт-Петербург, Архангельская обл. и Республика Карелия). The completely formed database of the Population Cancer Registry (PCR database) of the North-Western Federal district of the Russian Federation in February 2019 has significantly expanded the ability to objectively assess the activities of the cancer service on a more reliable basis of analytical materials. In Russia, for the first time, it was possible to conduct epidemiological studies of malignant tumors for rare tumor locations, any age groups, and calculations of patient survival rates. The PCR database has more than 1 million observations and includes all the headings and subheadings of ICD-10 for class II - codes C00-96. The article will present the dynamics of morbidity and mortality of the population of the northwestern Federal district of the Russian Federation in comparison with the national average, the reliability of accounting and survival of patients with malignant tumors. For 8 years, the growth of cancer incidence in the Northwestern Federal district of the Russian Federation by 10,4 % in standardized indicators and a decrease in population mortality in the Northwestern Federal district of the Russian Federation by 11,4 % in the same indicators. The dynamics of the 5-year observed survival rate of patients with Northwestern Federal district of the Russian Federation, taking into account age groups, is calculated. The reliability of the PCR database of the Northwestern Federal district of the Russian Federation is confirmed by the fact that the materials of 3 administrative territories are included in the IARC monograph «Cancer incidence in five continents. Vol. XI» (Saint-Petersburg, Arkhangelsk region and the Republic of Karelia).

scholarly journals Epidemiology and survival rates of patients with malignant tumors in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vakhtang M. Merabishvili
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
The Russian Federation

Malignant tumors remain the most important public health problem in the world, being the second or even the leading cause of death in some countries. Cancer incidence is greatly influenced by the ever-increasing environmental hazards. Population-based Cancer Registries (PCRs) provide necessary data to monitor and assess cancer incidence. PCRs collect obligatory data on incidence rate with time series analysis, mortality and survival rates in patients diagnosed with malignant tumors. The study presents the results of the operation of PCRs as exemplified in the analysis of the PCR of Saint Petersburg and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation.

Measures of administrative prevention taken by police officers on counteraction of administrative violations impacting health of the citizens

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Rustam Abdulkadirovich Shikhnabiev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Administrative Penalty

This article examines the state of problem of preventing administrative violations that impinge on health of the citizens, namely physical assault, administrative responsibility for which is stipulated by the Article 6.1.1 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses as one of the relevant questions in organization and activity of the branches of internal affairs of Russia. The author reviews the questions of preventing violations for physical assault in the context of enhancing control by the district police officers over individuals who committed such type of administrative violation; application of different preventative measures depending on the identity of a wrongdoer, circumstances of commission of an administrative offence, as well as social behavior after having committed an offence. The author describes the case law on the category of physical assault, which characterize personality of the offender.  Comparative analysis is conducted on the normative legal acts that envisage the grounds for placement and removal of various categories of individuals from the prevention watchlist. In conclusion, the author makes a number of recommendations on the improvement of preventative measures applied by police officers with regards to administrative offences for committing physical assault, as well as preterm removal from the prevention watchlist of persons under the conditions of their improvement, service of administrative penalty, positive characteristics from the place of residence.

scholarly journals Stages of development of the system of objective assessment of the cancer service of Russia, the northwestern Federal district of the Russian Federation (morbidity, mortality, reliability of accounting, primary mortality, median survival, observed and relative survival of patients with malignant neoplasms). Part I.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vakhtang M. Merabishvili ◽  
Alexey M. Belyaev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Historical Outline ◽  
The Russian Federation

The first part of the study includes a brief historical outline on the creation of an objective system for assessing the activities of the oncological service in Russia and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation.Dynamic series of all types of indicators of the populations morbidity and mortality have been presented, an increasing process of reliability and improvement of the quality of registration of primary patients with malignant tumors has been shown.In Russia, aswell as in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, standardized indicators of the malignant tumorsincidence remain at a relatively low level. In the world ranking of Cancer Registries, the Russian Federation is on 300th place among 450 others.The mortality rate of the population in most localizations isrecorded above the average European indicators.

The right to life: A comparative analysis of the relevant norms of the Constitutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan and Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the right to life belongs to the basic constitutional human rights, therefore, its observance and protection is the duty of the state. Despite its undeniable importance, today the right to life anywhere in the world is not really ensured in sufficient quantities. The constitutional consolidation of the right to life raises a number of issues related to the concept, nature, legislative and practical implementation of this right. It should be noted that various aspects of the human right to life were considered in the scientific works of G.B. Romanovsky, O.G. Selikhova, T.M. Fomichenko, A.B. Borisova, V.A. Ershov and other Russian authors. The aim of the study is to study and comparative analysis of the legal content of the constitutional norm that defines the right to life, to comprehend and identify possible problems of the implementation of this right. To achieve this goal, this article discusses relevant issues of ensuring the right to life, proclaimed by Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 27 of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic. The results of a comparative analysis of these constitutional norms and the relevant norms of industry law allow us to determine, that there is no contradiction between Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which imply the death penalty as an exceptional measure of punishment, because a moratorium has been imposed on the death penalty in the Russian Federation since April 16, 1997. However, after the abolition of the death penalty in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1998, there was a discrepancy between parts II and III of Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the criminal legislation of Azerbaijan Republic that requires the introduction of the necessary changes in the content of the analyzed constitutional norm. The value of the work is determined by the fact that the introduction of appropriate changes will contribute to the further improvement of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the effective implementation of the right to life of everyone.

A comparative analysis of the anthropogenic impact and user-pays principle availability in the model areas of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1787-1798
Author(s):  
S.N. Ayusheeva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Environmental Investment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Comparative Systems

Subject. This article assesses the effectiveness of the existing system of environmental management based on the user-pays principle in terms of reducing the negative impact on the environment. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the anthropogenic impact on natural environment components and deficiency payments for pollution in the model areas of the Russian Federation. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of computational, comparative, systems, and structural analyses. Results. Based on the ecological rating of the Russian Federation subjects, the article defines model areas, assesses the degree of anthropogenic impact on the basis of pollution relative rates, and describes the particularities of environmental investment in the selected areas. Conclusions. The system of payments for pollution does not affect the economic behavior of economic entities.

THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REQUIREMENTS FOR COMPLETION OF FIRST AID KITS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Ибрагимова Г.Я. ◽  
◽  
Хабибуллина Д.Ш. ◽  
Гайсаров А.Х. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
First Aid ◽  
The Russian Federation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document