CANDIDATE RESISTANCE GENES FROM AN EST DATABASE PROVE A RICH SOURCE OF MARKERS FOR MAJOR GENES CONFERRING RESISTANCE TO IMPORTANT APPLE PESTS AND DISEASES

Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the crops which have high economic value and serve for food, feed and process of many countries around the world. However, there are many factors affecting the productivity of soybean, of which insect pests and diseases are the most harmful agents. Therefore, an application of biotechnology to transfer insect resistance genes derived from a species of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis can contribute to increase soybean yield and significantly reducing pesticide use. Currently, there are many insecticidal proteins detected from B. thuringiensis such as Cry, Cyt and Vip with a broad and specific spectrum belonged to several orders Lepidoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Homopera, and Nematoda. Numerous studies have been implemented over the world to transfer genes encoding these proteins in combination or modified forms to increase their toxicity. Several events of genetically engineered soybean with stacked traits of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance are commercialized and approved to be cultured in many countries such as MON 87701 × MON 89788 or DAS-81419-2. In Vietnam, studies on genetically engineered soybean with insect resistance trait has been carried out. Moreover, the exploitation, screening and selection of high biodiversity and indigenous B. thuringiensis strains which habors specific genes capable of killing targeted insects and serve as materials for plant transformation are great scientific meaning and potential practical application. This will be an important source of materials to create many soybean cultivars with good ability of insect resistance in order to meet specific needs.

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The Use of Dusts for the Control of Apple Pests and Diseases under Missouri Conditions

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/19.1.56 ◽

1926 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 56-59

Author(s):

K. C. Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Pests And Diseases ◽

Apple Pests

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Evaluation of Silwet L-77 as an adjuvant for sprays to control apple pests and diseases

Proceedings of the New Zealand Plant Protection Conference ◽

10.30843/nzpp.1992.45.11239 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 274-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.T.S. Walker ◽

P.W. Shaw ◽

P.J.G. Stevens

Keyword(s):

Pests And Diseases ◽

Apple Pests

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RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAN HASIL BEBERAPA VARIETAS PADI SAWAH TADAH HUJAN (Oryza sativa L.) AKIBAT PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI

Agroswagati Jurnal Agronomi ◽

10.33603/agroswagati.v7i2.2800 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Ratnawati Ratnawati ◽

Alfandi Alfandi ◽

Iman Sungkawa

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Resistant Varieties ◽

Conventional Technology ◽

Agricultural Research And Development

Rainfed land with an area of 1.4 million ha is the second rice barn after irrigation land for Indonesia. Understanding rainfed land is land that has a bund but cannot be irrigated with a certain height and time continuously. Therefore the irrigation of rainfed land is largely determined by rainfall so that the risk of drought often occurs in the area during the dry season. So far, rice varieties for rainfed land that have resistant properties to blast disease are still very limited. On the other hand, it is very necessary to diversify the resistant varieties of blast disease to overcome the disease so that the resistance genes are not easily broken. Therefore we need a number of varieties with a wide diversity of resistance genes that are recommended for planting by farmers. The Agricultural Research and Development Agency has released drought-tolerant rainfed lowland rice varieties and several pests and diseases such as Inpari 10, inpari 38, inpari 40, inpari 42, inpari 43 and HHZ5-DT1-DT1 lines. The research method used was Factorial RGD with the treatment of PTT application and conventional technology interacted with rice varieties.The results showed that the application of PTT technology had a real / good influence compared to conventional technology on the growth and yield of rice plants. PTT can increase production by 5.9% and income by 12.6%. Inpari 42, Inpari 43 and HHZ5-DT1-DT1 varieties are relatively more stable than other varieties and Inpari 43 has a higher production compared to other varieties.

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Prediction and survey of apple pests and diseases in Bács-Kiskun county in 2014

Gradus ◽

10.47833/2020.2.agr.039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 201-209

Author(s):

János Ágoston

Keyword(s):

Pests And Diseases ◽

Apple Pests

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New Roads to Crop Protection Against Viruses

Outlook on Agriculture ◽

10.1177/003072709402300107 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 33-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

T. Michael A. Wilson ◽

Jeffrey W. Davies

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Recombinant Dna ◽

Genetic Manipulation ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Natural Resistance ◽

Crop Species ◽

Viral Pathogens ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Recombinant Dna Techniques

Farmers and growers, already under pressure to produce food under tighter constraints, face the omnipresent threat of new pests and diseases caused by new strains of fungal, bacterial or viral pathogens or their vectors, such as insects. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is an example of such a threat in Europe (Bedford and Markham, 1993). It is feared that over-use of pesticides, fertilizers and growth regulators could create major environmental problems, but to survive without them will require other strategies, broadly referred to as ‘sustainable agriculture ’. Traditionally, durable disease resistance has required ingenious breeding programmes to introduce natural resistance genes from crop-related wild species into crops. However, we can now exploit the power, flexibility and specificity of recombinant DNA techniques (genetic manipulation) either to identify existing natural resistance genes and transfer them between unrelated crop species, or to create new and more effective resistance genes against one or more pathogens or pests. The rationale behind many of these ‘designer genes ’ has arisen from empirical field observations or from our deeper understanding of molecular and genetical aspects of the natural life-cycle of the pathogen.

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Resistance to Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae in Avena magna, A. murphyi, and A. insularis

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-06-15-0671-re ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (6) ◽

pp. 1184-1191 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sylwia Sowa ◽

Edyta Paczos-Grzęda ◽

Aneta Koroluk ◽

Sylwia Okoń ◽

Agnieszka Ostrowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Crown Rust ◽

Rich Source ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Puccinia Coronata ◽

Wild Oat ◽

Gene Banks ◽

Rust Resistance Genes

Wild oat tetraploids of the section Pachycarpa have already been proven to be a rich source of useful genes but have largely been unexploited for Puccinia coronata resistance. In this study, accessions of Avena magna, A. murphyi, and A. insularis gathered from European and North American gene banks were evaluated at the seedling stage for crown rust reaction using the host–pathogen test and six highly diverse and virulent P. coronata isolates. Of the 92 Avena accessions analyzed, 58.7% were resistant to at least one crown rust race. In all, 37% of the tested accessions reacted nonuniformly, which indicated their heterogeneity. The highest level of resistance was observed in three of the accessions, one of which was verified by flow cytometry as being hexaploid and two of which were verified as being tetraploids. The infection profiles of 19 accessions corresponded to resistance determined by the genes Pc14, Pc39, Pc40, Pc48, Pc50, Pc54, Pc55, Pc61, Pc67, Pc68, Pc97, Pc101, or Pc104. The patterns of infection of the remaining resistant A. magna and A. murphyi accessions allowed us to postulate the presence of potentially novel crown rust resistance genes.

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