LOW EXOGENOUS SUCROSE IMPROVES EX VITRO GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN COCONUT IN VITRO PLANTLETS IF GROWN IN VITRO UNDER HIGH LIGHT

2007 ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fuentes ◽  
C. Talavera ◽  
Y. Desjardins ◽  
J.M. Santamaría
Keyword(s):  
High Light ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Ex Vitro Growth

scholarly journals 589 PS 132 TISSUE PROLIFERATION IN ELEPIDOTE RHODODENDRONS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 516c-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard K. Kiyomoto ◽  
Mark H. Brand
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Shoot Morphology ◽  
Normal Shoot ◽  
Tissue Proliferation ◽  
Ex Vitro Growth

Experiments were conducted on tissue proliferation (TP) development and in vitro and ex vitro growth of tissues from plants with (TP+) and without TP (TP-). In 1993 the increase in TP in one-, two-, and three-yr-old `Holden' and `Besse Howells' was 3%, 52%. and 32% and 10%, 26% and 21%, respectively. No differential mortality was observed. Shoot tip cultures initated from TP+ and TP- `Montego' showed 10-12 mo were required for miniaturiziation and multiplication in TP- shoot tips and 4 mo in TP+ shoot tips. TP- cultures require 10 uM 2-iP for normal shoot proliferation; whereas TP+ cultures had to be transferred to hormone-free medium after 6 mo to maintain normal shoot morphology. Cutting propagation from TP- and TP+ plants older than 5 yr, showed persistence of morphological aberrations associated with TP+ plants.

scholarly journals 044 VARIETAL DIFFERENCES IN EARLY EX VITRO GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICROPROPAGATED PONTEDERIA CORDATA L.

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 434b-434
Author(s):  
Myrna Stenberg ◽  
Michael E. Kane ◽  
Nancy Philman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Wetland Plants ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Pontederia Cordata ◽  
Plantlet Growth ◽  
Ex Vitro Growth

Micropropagation is a commercially viable and ecologically sound method for producing native herbaceous wetland plants used for wetland revegetation projects. The ability to rapidly screen, select and store germplasm of wetland species genotypes with desirable characteristics of growth rate and habit, nutrient uptake capacity, and/or substrate preference would significantly impact how micropropagated wetland plants are marketed. Early screening of plantlet growth ex vitro may provide an efficient method to select for specific characteristics of growth rate and habit. Five micropropagated lines of Pontederia cordata of differing phenotype were established in vitro from Florida populations. Rooted microcuttings were established ex vitro in a shallow outdoor tank. Growth and development were monitored over a 9 week period. Significant differences in shoot growth and number, leaf area and number, flowering and dry weights were observed between the different Pontederia cordata varieties.

Effects of supporting materials in in vitro acclimatization stage on ex vitro growth of wasabi plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 109042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhung Ngoc Hoang ◽  
Yoshiaki Kitaya ◽  
Toshio Shibuya ◽  
Ryosuke Endo
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Ex Vitro Growth ◽  
Supporting Materials

scholarly journals Height and number of shoots on the survival and development of micropropagated bamboo plantlets during pre-acclimatization

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Arthur Almeida do Vale ◽  
João Bosco de Oliveira Júnior ◽  
Frederico Henrique da Silva Costa ◽  
Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Ex Vitro Growth ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT During the in vitro multiplication of bamboo plantlets, it is common the formation of shoots aggregates. Once individualized, these can yield a greater number of plantlets than if planted in clusters. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the relationship between height and number of initial shoots in micropropagated bamboo plantlets on the survival and development of plants, during the pre-acclimatization stage. Guadua aff. chaparensis shoots, after successive subcultures of in vitro multiplication, were classified into three height classes (2.5-5.0 cm; 5.1-10.0 cm; 10.1-15.0 cm) and number of aggregate shoots (one shoot per plantlet/single-stem plantlet, two and three shoots per plantlet) and pre-acclimatized in a commercial substrate composition plus washed sand. The plantlets were evaluated for survival, height, number of new shoots and roots, shoot and root fresh and dry mass. In plantlets from micropropagation, the plant height does not influence the survival rates, being acclimatized preferably at heights between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm, with survival rates of up to 97 %. Plantlets with height starting at 5.1 cm and composed of 2 or 3 initial shoots show a greater vigor and ex vitro growth, a fact evidenced by the higher values obtained in relation to height and emission of new shoots and roots, as well as a greater fresh and dry biomass accumulation.

scholarly journals The Effects of Carbon Dioxide Enrichment, Natural Ventilation, and Light Intensity on Growth, Photosynthesis, and Transpiration of Cauliflower Plantlets Cultured in vitro Photoautotrophically and Photomixotrophically

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michio Kanechi ◽  
Masakatsu Ochi ◽  
Michiko Abe ◽  
Noboru Inagaki ◽  
Susumu Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Photoautotrophic Growth ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Photosynthetic Ability

The effects of natural ventilation and CO2 enrichment during the rooting stage on the growth and the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration of in vitro cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) plantlets were investigated. In vitro plantlets were established in airtight or ventilated vessels with or without CO2 supplied (≈1200 μg·L-1) through gas permeable films attached to the vessel's cap for 15 days before transplanting ex vitro. Leaves generated in vitro in ventilated vessels had a higher photosynthetic rate than those produced in airtight vessels, which lead to greater leaf expansion and shoot and root dry matter accumulation during in vitro culture and acclimatization. Enhanced photosynthesis in leaves of ventilated plantlets was positively correlated with chlorophyll content. Increasing photosynthetically active radiation from 70 to 200 μmol·m-2·s-1 enhanced the growth of in vitro plantlets under ventilated conditions but it depressed photosynthesis of the leaves grown photomixotrophically with sugar and CO2 enrichment which might be due to the feedback inhibition caused by marked accumulations of sucrose and starch. Higher CO2 levels during in vitro culture enhanced photosynthesis under photoautotrophic conditions, but inhibited it under photomixotrophic conditions. Fifteen days after transplanting ex vitro, high photosynthetic ability and stomatal resistance to transpiratory water loss of ventilated plantlets in vitro had important contributions to rooting and acclimatization. Our findings show that the ventilated culture is effective for accelerating photoautotrophic growth of plantlets by increasing photosynthesis, suggesting that, especially for plantlets growing in vitro without sugar, CO2 enrichment may be necessary to enhance photosynthetic ability.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical changes of micropropagated Dendrobium anosmum Lindl. in ex vitro acclimatization process

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Bang Phi Cao
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The ex vitro acclimatization process plays an important role in plant micropropagation. In vitro plantlets have to rapidly adapt to environmental changes. The current work aimed at assessing some physiological and biochemical changes of micropropagated Dendrobium anosmum Lindl. Plantlets during ex vitro acclimatization process, eg. contents of water (leaf relative water content), dry matter, proline and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid), chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase và catalase) activities. The analyzed results showed that water content decreased in acclimatized plantlets compared to in vitro ones. The chlorophylls and carotenoids contents of what were significantly higher in ex vitro plantlet leaves compared to the day 0 plantlets. The pigment contents were observed to increase during the ex vitro acclimatation process. When the plantlets were moved out of the in vitro medium, the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) significantly decreased at the early acclimatation points then restored at the end of acclimatation process. The content of proline and activities of antoxidant enzymes significantly increased with different periods of acclimatation process. The proline content and enzyme activities were recorded at the first ex vitro period when most water loss occurred in plantlets. These results suggest that Dendrobium anosmum Lindl in vitro plantlets have adapted to the transplantation by possesing some physiological responses of its photosynthetic system as well as its antioxidant machinery.

scholarly journals Micropropagation Effects on Juvenile Traits, Flower Differentiation, and Tree Architecture in Young Olive Trees

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1742
Author(s):  
Davide Neri ◽  
Tonino Cioccolanti ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccherelli ◽  
Oriano Navacchi ◽  
Veronica Giorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Tree Architecture ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
System A ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Olive Trees

Olive micropropagation is nowadays possible but knowing if it induces juvenile traits and how juvenility, vigor and fruit productivity are affected is pivotal. Three trials were carried out during micropropagation and afterwards in the field. Three varieties were characterized during multiplication in vitro, after several subcultures. ‘Arbequina’ revealed higher shoot miniaturization than ‘Coratina’ and ‘Frantoio’, and likely-juvenile shoots with three or four leaves per node. The ‘Arbequina’ trees obtained from two- and three-leaves-per-node in vitro plantlets were compared to cuttings in the field. Two years after planting, flower-differentiated shoots were found in the apical part of the canopy in all tested trees while in this position the ramification was more intense on three-leaves-per-node trees. Architecture of ‘Arbequina’ trees from micropropagation and cuttings was finally characterized in a high-density commercial grove. Micropropagated trees showed a well distributed and deep root system, a regular conical shape of the canopy, a higher number of primary branches, and a reproductive ability equivalent to cuttings. In conclusion, some juvenile traits and vigor may appear in vitro and last after ex vitro acclimation, but no more than two years in the field.

scholarly journals Cryopreservation and Acclimatization of Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) Genotypes

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana COSTE ◽  
Sergiu VALIMAREANU ◽  
Adela HALMAGYI
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Ex Vitro Growth ◽  
Laminar Air Flow

Romanian tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars have been cryopreserved by encapsulation-dehydration and successfully acclimatized to ex vitro growth conditions. Shoot tips were excised from in vitro grown plants then precultured for 24 h in various sucrose concentrations, dehydrated up to 6 h in laminar air flow prior to direct immersion in liquid nitrogen   (−196°C) for 24 h. Different parameters have been studied: the effects of osmoprotection and desiccation duration on the regrowth of cryopreserved shoot tips, the effects of various IBA concentrations on rooting and the ex vitro cclimatization of plants recovered from liquid nitrogen. The highest frequency of regrowth (72% cv. ‘Pontica’) was obtained when encapsulated explants were precultured in 0.5 M sucrose and the moisture content (fresh weight basis) of alginate beads was 23%. The highest rooting rates (58% to 77%) for all cultivars were observed for shoots grown on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA. The rooted plants could be easily acclimatized ex vitro with up to 100% survival.

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