URBAN PROTECTED AREAS: REAL PROTECTION OR FORMAL CREATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
O. Havrylenko ◽  
Ye. Tsyhanok
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
The Status ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Elevation Model

The purpose of the study is to identify the expediency and validity of creating a certain category of Nature Reserve Fund (NRF) in the specific conditions of the urban environment in accordance with the functions and criteria established by the current legislation of Ukraine on the example of Partyzans’ka Slava Regional Landscape Park (RLP) in Kyiv. To achieve this goal, the peculiarities of urban protected areas creation in accordance with the criteria and tasks established are considered. Materials and methods. The following research algorithm is applied to determine the conformity of the Partyzans’ka slava RLP (henceforth: Park) territory to the requirements, according to legislative and regulatory documents. A Digital Elevation Model had been developed and after its filtering, a hypsometric map was constructed. Based on the obtained relief morphometric parameters, collected information, analysis of satellite images and field studies, using the GIS software packages, a landscape structure map of the RLP territory was been created. Main research results. A significant inconsistency of the RLP functioning with the existing requirements and its actual transformation into an ordinary shopping and entertainment complex is revealed. The fulfilment of the main functions of the Park for 25 years from the moment of granting the status of a nature conservation institution of local importance is analysed. Unsatisfactory implementation of the legal objectives of RLP creation, including huge disproportions in the allocation of functional zones is established. Unreasonable Park zoning leads, among other things, to illegal construction, land grabbing and deforestation throughout its territory. In addition, the actual absence of a reserved functional zone in no way contributes to the Park’s fulfilment of its tasks as an institution of the NRF of Ukraine. For a quarter of a century, no special administration has been established in the Park. That means that the RLP does not have a statutory management body. As a result of a governing body absence, Project for its territory organization is not updated and approved in the Park. The species diversity of flora and fauna of the Park turned out to be quite poor. Also, none of the typical and rare plant groups included in the Green Book of Ukraine has been discovered on the Park territory. Due to insufficient provision of the conditions for the population organized rest, uncontrolled recreation violated the integrity of the soil and vegetation, and the whole territory of the RLP is heavily littered. Based on the revealed problems of the RLP functioning, a weak perception of the Park status by the society is substantiated, which contributes to the further degradation of natural complexes and makes it inappropriate to keep its territory as a nature protected institution of the NRF of Ukraine. The scientific novelty of the study is to carry out landscape analysis and to create a map of the Park territory landscape structure for the first time. The analysis of this map allows refuting the idea of high landscape value within the Park. Practical value. Considering that none of the legal functions of the RLP has been performed for a long time, it is proposed to improve the management quality of this protected area by integrating it into the urban infrastructure. It is justified to review the Park’s conservation status and its transfer from the category of NRF institution to a regular urban culture and recreation park with increased access for visitors in order to ensure their daily contact with nature. At the same time, valuable natural objects, in particular centenary trees, must be preserved and protected. According to the concept of nature and the city organic unity, such a park will contribute to the creation of an urbanized space that is comfortable for residents and safe for the environment.

scholarly journals ESTATE OF SEMILUKI MUNICIPAL DISTRINCT AND THEIR RECREATIONAL VALUE

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Якименко ◽  
Olga Yakimenko ◽  
Полунина ◽  
Irina Polunina ◽  
Рудницких ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Recreational Value ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Stability

The article describes the features of the landscape and floral estate complexes Semiluki municipal district of the Voronezh region. Field studies were carried out in June 2014 and April 2016. 10 estate complexes were studied. Estate complexes play an important role and environment-forming portions can serve ecological framework nuclei. It is also important recreational value of estates. It was analyzed landscape structure Semiluki area and is made up of estates map of location within the types of terrain. Morphological and aesthetic features estate complexes largely depend on what type within the area it is located. Estates of Semiluki distrinct tend to slope type of terrain. Turning estate complexes in the register of protected areas (RoPA) Russia will benefit the recreational potential of the area, improve the stability of the environment and will promote environmental education. On the territory of Semiluki district area of RoPA is not sufficient, it is appropriate to extend it to make the environmental status of the estates. Currently 2 of the estate area have the status of existing natural monuments (Cottage Bashkirtseva and Semidubravnoe tract), but even in their territory conservation mode is not guaranteed. One reason for this is that the locals do not know what the estate are protected areas. In field studies, it was noted that the majority of estates are in poor condition is not respected conservation mode, the composition of flora no different variety, many estates have poor transport availability and information security. The paper offers recommendations for improving estates and their involvement in environmental and recreational nature

scholarly journals A simple method for assessing preliminary conservation status of plants at a national level: a case study using the ferns of El Salvador

Oryx ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-528
Author(s):  
Sandra Knapp ◽  
Jorge Monterrosa Salomón
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
National Level ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Forest Habitats

AbstractAssessments of conservation status are usually carried out on a global scale but national priorities often necessitate a more focused approach. Using a typology of rarity first articulated in the early 1980s by Deborah Rabinowitz, coupled with presence/absence from protected areas, preliminary conservation status at the national level was assessed for 397 species of ferns and fern allies from El Salvador in Central America. Of these, 43 lacked sufficient data, 175 were considered not of conservation concern, 106 were considered to be at risk and 73 to be threatened. The majority of the threatened species were from cloud or montane forest habitats but aquatics and species restricted to pine–oak forests are also rare and occur outside protected areas. The utility of this simple methodology is discussed and the importance of field studies by local experts with local knowledge emphasized.

Conservation status of Ramsar sites of Nepal Tarai: an overview

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Siwakoti ◽  
Jhamak B Karki
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
The Status ◽  
Wildlife Reserve

Nepal houses only inland freshwater wetlands, ranging from floodplains of snow-melt-fed cold Himalayan rivers, warm rivers originating in the mid hills, high altitudinal glacial lakes to hot springs, ponds, ox-bow lakes, marshes and swamps. These wetlands support several endemic and globally threatened species of flora and fauna. Besides, wetland sites have significant recreational, religio-cultural and spiritual values. There are over 240 wetland sites in Nepal, of which 163 are in the Terai (plain lowland). Wetlands found in Tarai are comparatively more inventoried than the wetlands of mountains and the Himalayan regions of the country. The Terai region (below 300 m) covers about 14% of the country's total area, where half of Nepal's total populations exist. About 11% population of the country is wetland dependent; majority of them are living in the Terai region. The country has nine Ramsar sites, of which, four are in the Tarai region. Among them, two sites (Koshi Tappu wetland, and Beeshazar and associated lakes) lie inside the protected areas and two sites (Ghodaghodi Lake area and Jagadishpur Reservoir) are distributed outside the protected areas. The Koshi Tappu wetland lies along the floodplains of the Sapta Koshi River in the eastern Tarai within the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve. It is the first Ramsar site in Nepal. Beeshazar and associated lakes lies in the buffer zone of the Chitwan National Park along the inner Tarai of Central Nepal. The Ghodaghodi Lake Area (2500 ha) lies in the far western Nepal, and comprises about 14 large and small ox-bow lakes/ponds with associated marshes, swamps, river/streams, springs, seasonal marshy grasslands and human made wetlands, out of them, Ghodaghodi Lake (138 ha) is the largest natural lake in the Nepal's Tarai. The lake system falls between the Bardia National Park and the Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve of the country and  the surrounding forest functions as an important corridor for the movement of wildlife between these as well as the Tarai and the northern Siwalik hills. Similarly, the Jagadishpur Reservoir (225 ha) which lies in Central Nepal's Tarai is the largest man-made wetland in Nepal for irrigation purpose. It is an important site for migratory and resident birds. In this paper we highlight the status, threats, conservation issues and management practices of these Ramsar sites lying in Nepal Tarai. Key-words: Ghodaghodi Lake; Jagdishpur Reservoir; Nepal Tarai; outside protected area; wetlands.DOI: 10.3126/botor.v6i0.2914 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 76-84

scholarly journals Population characteristics, habitat, and conservation status of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. (Ericaceae), a glacial relict new to Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Malicki ◽  
Wojciech Pusz ◽  
Michał Ronikier ◽  
Tomasz Suchan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rhododendron Ferrugineum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Glacial Relict

The first reliable information on the occurrence of <em>Rhododendron ferrugineum</em> in the Karkonosze Mts (excluding spots of directly acknowledged anthropogenic origin) was provided by A. Boratyński in 1983, but the status and origin of the plants were unknown. A recent phylogeographical study proved the natural character and relict status of the aforementioned population, which makes it the northernmost and most isolated site within the whole distribution of the species. In this study, we characterized the basic aspects of the ecology and conservation status of the population and, more specifically, focused on assessing the size of the population, general health of individuals, generative propagation ability, habitat conditions, and potential threats for the species. The population persists in the Sowia Dolina (east part of the Karkonosze Mts), in a microtopographically controlled, treeless microrefugium. Shrubs of <em>R. ferrugineum</em> are part of an acidophilous dwarf-heath plant community, similar to those occurring in the Alps and the Pyrenees, although less species-diverse. The plant community in the Karkonosze Mts has been preliminarily classified into the <em>Genisto pilosae-Vaccinion</em> alliance. The <em>R. ferrugineum</em> population consists of 68 individuals: 57 fully grown and juvenile and 11 seedlings. In 2017, 10 individuals flowered, seven of which developed fruits, while in 2018, 15 individuals produced flowers and eight developed mature fruits. Seeds collected in 2017 germinated in high numbers. Plants in the Karkonosze population hosted some fungal parasites typically found in <em>Rhododendron</em> species, but no intense disease symptoms strongly influencing plant fitness were observed. A combination of significant isolation, genetic distinctness, and high genetic diversity implies a high conservation priority for the <em>R. ferrugineum</em> population in Karkonosze. Despite the theoretical threats, including stochastic risks, the <em>R. ferrugineum</em> population seems to have been stable for a long time and, importantly, it is composed of individuals of different ages, from large flowering plants to seedlings.

scholarly journals Native trees in Nug-as forest Key Biodiversity Area, Cebu, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgardo Lillo ◽  
ARCHIEBALD B. MALAKI ◽  
STEVE MICHAEL T. ALCAZAR ◽  
BERNARDO R. REDOBLADO ◽  
JOHN LOU B. DIAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Native Trees ◽  
Threatened Plant Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Probability Of Extinction

Abstract. Lillo EP, Malaki AB, Alcazar SMT, Redoblando BR, Diaz JLB, Pinote JP, Rosales R, Buot IE Jr. 2020. Native trees in Nug-as forest Key Biodiversity Area, Cebu, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 4162-4167. Threatened species, by definition, have a high probability of extinction, and so each of their populations significantly contributes to their survival. This paper presents a list of threatened Native trees in Nug-as forest of the Municipality of Alcoy, Cebu. A list of indicators was used to identify the conservation status of the Native trees at the local level. A total of 135 native trees from 48 families and 105 genera were recorded. Most species belong to the families of Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Moraceae, Clusiaceae, Myrtaceae, Meliaceae, Fabaceae, and Rutaceae. In this study, 62 species were categorized as threatened, and 72 species as Least Concern, while in IUCN classification 19 threatened species were recorded, and 111 taxa considered as Least Concern respectively. Using the DENR method of classification 15 threatened species were recorded, and 115 taxa considered as Not Evaluated. The Nug-as forest was degraded by illegal cutting, kaingin, hunting and charcoal making. Based from Beynen and Townsend analysis, Nug-as forest was categorized as moderately disturbed. While DENR and IUCN declaration on the status of the Philippine native trees take a very long time, threatened plant species would be gone before we know it, considering the destruction rate in the Philippines.

scholarly journals Environmental Approach To Design Organization of Natural Landscape (On the Example of Protected Areas of Russia)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Natalia Vladimirovna Baburova
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Design Organization ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
The Status ◽  
Functional Zones

The article discusses the general issues of design organization of the natural landscape on the example of protected areas of Russia, as well as various factors influencing the design process. The zoning of the natural landscape of protected areas is considered (a set of functional zones in connection with the status and type of protected area). Natural factors (the nature of the landscape) are of particular importance in an environmental, systematic approach to designing in protected areas.

Euratom and Brexit: Could the United Kingdom Maintain One Foot in the European Union? Current Scenarios and Future Prospects of British withdrawal from the EAEC

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-151
Author(s):  
Andrea Circolo ◽  
Ondrej Hamuľák
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Independent Solution ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper focuses on the very topical issue of conclusion of the membership of the State, namely the United Kingdom, in European integration structures. The ques­tion of termination of membership in European Communities and European Union has not been tackled for a long time in the sources of European law. With the adop­tion of the Treaty of Lisbon (2009), the institute of 'unilateral' withdrawal was intro­duced. It´s worth to say that exit clause was intended as symbolic in its nature, in fact underlining the status of Member States as sovereign entities. That is why this institute is very general and the legal regulation of the exercise of withdrawal contains many gaps. One of them is a question of absolute or relative nature of exiting from integration structures. Today’s “exit clause” (Art. 50 of Treaty on European Union) regulates only the termination of membership in the European Union and is silent on the impact of such a step on membership in the European Atomic Energy Community. The presented paper offers an analysis of different variations of the interpretation and solution of the problem. It´s based on the independent solution thesis and therefore rejects an automa­tism approach. The paper and topic is important and original especially because in the multitude of scholarly writings devoted to Brexit questions, vast majority of them deals with institutional questions, the interpretation of Art. 50 of Treaty on European Union; the constitutional matters at national UK level; future relation between EU and UK and political bargaining behind such as all that. The question of impact on withdrawal on Euratom membership is somehow underrepresented. Present paper attempts to fill this gap and accelerate the scholarly debate on this matter globally, because all consequences of Brexit already have and will definitely give rise to more world-wide effects.

Micro and Macro-level Analysis of Crop Diversification: Evidence from an Agrarian State West Bengal

2020 ◽  
pp. 489-499
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
The Status ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

The farming system in West Bengal is being shifted by integration between the set of cash crops and the main food harvest process. This change in diversified farming systems, where smallholders have a production base in rice can complement production; affect technical efficiency and farm performance. The goal of this study was to investigate the status of crop diversification on smallholders in West Bengal. First, crop diversification regions were developed in West Bengal based on the Herfindahl index, which were categorized into three regions. Three sample districts were studied separately at the block level, and 915 small farmers from 41 sample villages of 9 sample blocks were interviewed through a good structure questionnaire for field studies from the sample districts. West Bengal was gradually moving towards multiple crop production. Furthermore, increasing rice production reduced the marginal use of inputs for the production of other crops. Farming and other vital factors such as HYVs area to GCA, average holding size and per capita income in some districts of West Bengal can be identified as determinants of crop diversification.

Assessment of recreational use of specially protected natural territories of Tatishchevsky district of Saratov region

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Yulia M Andriyanova ◽  
Irina V Sergeeva ◽  
Yulia M Mokhonko ◽  
Natalia N Gusakova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Saratov Region ◽  
Future State ◽  
Forest Phytocenoses ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Territories

The influence of recreation being a set of measures to restore health and recreation, on the main components of forest phytocenoses in specially protected natural territories of the Tatishchevsky district of the Saratov region has been studied for the first time. These phytocenoses have been intensively used for tourism for a long time. The intensity and visits activity of protected areas has been determined; the recreational capacity of territorial objects has been studied. The degree of forest landscapes has been revealed in specially protected natural territories. The findings allow predicting the future state of the natural resources of the Saratov region and can be taken into account when assessing their optimal use.

scholarly journals Changes in Landscape Structure in the Municipalities of the Nitra District (Slovak Republic) Due to Expanding Suburbanization

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1205
Author(s):  
Zuzana Pucherová ◽  
Regina Mišovičová ◽  
Gabriel Bugár ◽  
Henrich Grežo
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
The Impact

Suburbanization, as a set of several factors, influences and changes the landscape structure of smaller municipalities in the hinterland of larger cities. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the built-up areas related to suburbanization within three time horizons—in 2002, 2005, and 2020—in 62 municipalities of the district (including two cities, Nitra and Vráble). This study examines the process of spatial changes in landscape features (residential, industrial, agricultural, transport) related to suburbanization between 2002 and 2005 and between 2002 and 2020. The input analytical data were digital orthophotomaps from 2002 and 2005 and the current orthophotomosaics of the Slovak Republic from 2017 (GKÚ, Bratislava), updated for the year 2020 using Sentinel 2 satellite image data (European Space Agency). The impact of suburbanization processes between 2002 and 2005 did not reach the dimensions of the changes that occurred due to suburbanization processes between 2002 and 2020 or 2005 and 2020. The main research objective of the article is the identification and assessment of these changes. We determined which landscape features related to suburbanization affected spatial changes in municipalities of the district Nitra. The total area affected by one of the suburbanization processes monitored by us reached 92.52 ha in the period between 2002 and 2005. Between the years 2002 and 2020, the area reached a total of 2272.82 ha, which is an increase of 2180.30 ha in 2020 compared to 2002. This included mainly the expansion of settlements or housing (60.15%), industrial areas (29.31%), transport facilities (4.35%), agricultural areas (0.73%), and other areas (5.46%). These results show expanding suburbanization for the period from 2002 to 2020 and that this process has been gaining momentum in the municipalities of the Nitra district, especially in recent years, which changes the look of rural municipalities and the character of a typical rural landscape.

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