scholarly journals Stressogenic Elements of the Latent Impact of Real Media Reports on the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Groups (Reporting the Methodology and Research Planning)

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-27
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Rizun ◽  
Yurii Havrylets ◽  
Alla Petrenko-Lysak ◽  
Sergii Tukaiev ◽  
Anton Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Media Monitoring

This article reveals the preparation for the investigation of the latent impact of media reports about COVID-19 on social groups. The research project of the Institute of Journalism, funded by the National Research Foundation of Ukraine, shows how to use media monitoring to form an experimental sample of media reports on COVID-19 as well as how to make a sociological and psychological description of the method of forming experimental groups. The purpose of this study is to form a methodological basis for experiments. We will use all this as a proven tool for organizing experiments in the subsequent stages of research. Accordingly, the search for media messages on the topic of COVID-19 by the LOOQME service showed the existence of an information boom in the media (this does not take into account the flow of messages on social networks), measured daily by tens of thousands of media messages. Undoubtedly, each person does not “digest” so much information, respectively, is not affected by it in full. Therefore, the question arises about the functioning of a human being as an interpreter of specific messages available to them, but taking into account public opinion as an interpretive filter: what people are saying and how they relate to COVID. All this is the filter that sets the vector of perception and understanding. This factor we will take into account in the following stages of the project.

scholarly journals The Image of Refugees and the Features of its Development in Lithuanian Online Newspapers

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 71-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Matas
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Agenda ◽  
Negative Context ◽  
The Media

The considerable number of refugees fleeing to Europe has an impact on countries’ economic, political and social agenda, as well as the processes of society. The European refugee (migrant) crisis, which began in 2015, brought out not only different attitudes toward refugees among Eu­ropean Union politicians, but also revealed how diverse the coverage of na­tional media may get on the refugee topic. Refugees flee to Europe from various countries and diverse cultural back­grounds. However, society lacks the knowledge about their religious beliefs, lifestyles and outlooks. Moreover, the media has the power to decide which events and individuals to portray, and in such a way constructs the audi­ence’s perception about the world they live in. Refugee-related messages in the media usually occur in a negative context: terrorist attacks, refugee deaths, criminal activity and protests. However, the media does not only construct, but also has the power to change prejudice toward refugees, ensuring that one of its aims is interaction between diverse social groups. The author combines quantitative and qualitative research methods for media messages and analyzes dominant stereotypes about refugees in Lithu­anian online media. The types of refugee-related publications are also exam­ined. Three research periods were chosen: 1-31 July 2015, 1-30 November 2015 and 1-31 January 2016. The main goals are to theoretically discuss the media’s role and peculiarities in shaping certain images which society main­tains, as well as to define the stereotypes and their role in society. Lithuanian online newspapers are commercial institutions, which – in order to compete in the market – strive to engage consumers. Delivering mes­sages quickly and in large quantities often matters more than their content and the reliability of sources. This, in turn, leads to the information being distorted or superficial. Lithuanian newspapers construct a negative refugee image, where the most dominant images of refugees are as individuals who are uncontrollable, aggressive and prone to commit crime, being either gang members, terrorists or benefit recipients.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF FAKE MEDIA MESSAGES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIAN FAKES ABOUT UKRAINE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Bilohrats ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Transmission Channel ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Media Channels ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Basic Evaluation

Information wars have long been used as a full-fledged weapon against the enemy, using both manipulation and completely fake messages. The methods used to disseminate false media messages by their authors are completely different, but the goal is almost always the same - to make the target audience that consumes information, believe and be influenced. Scientists have identified three main elements of the media chain: the author of the message - the transmission channel - the recipient of the message. According to M. McLuhan, media channels of information transmission are a technical continuation of natural channels: radio (auditory), printed periodicals (visual), television (combination of vocal and visual), and Internet MMC (combination of auditory, optic and visual). Therefore, it is worth considering the ways in which fakes are distributed - through photos, videos or just texts. Very often two or sometimes three distribution channels are used, because video can accompany text and attached to it photos, so this division should be considered conditional. Having analysed fake reports from the Russian-language media segment, it became possible to draw conclusions about the use of basic evaluation criteria according to professional journalistic standards of publications. The emotionality of the texts, which was conditionally divided into two groups - "excessive emotionality" and "moderate neutrality" was taken into account. As for the excessive emotionality of the texts, it has been determined that it is most common in the video, a little less in the photo, and very little in the texts. As to the studies concerning the topic of fakes in the Russian-language media segment, a vast majority of studies concerned Ukraine, and military issues namely. Usually, the authors of fake media reports aim to destabilize the situation, and to make the target audience believe in nonsense and behave predictably, to divert attention from their own problems.

scholarly journals Transformations in the Social Impact: Politics, Media, Social Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-75
Author(s):  
Svetlana Alexandrova
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Communication Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media

The article analyzes the role of political elites and the media in shaping public opinion and the direction of public attention. Focusing on the transformations in the social impact under the influence of network culture in the online communication environment, it examines how the role of traditional structures of power is transformed, and how this affects political culture, the formation of public opinion, and its participation in socio-political life. Social networks are a means of dialogue and organization, and this requires political elites and the media to consult and comply with active public opinion in the online communication environment.

scholarly journals ISLAM IN THE WEST MEDIA DISTORTION (MEDIA IN CONSTRUCTING ISLAM AS A TERRORIST AND EXTREMIST RELIGION)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifah Ifah
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Global Community ◽  
The West ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Negative Concept ◽  
Western Media

Various media reports that directly or indirectly have formed public opinion that accuses Muslims as a whole as accused of all forms of violence and terrorism on the face of the earth accompanied by extremist acts. Some western media are trying to brainwash the global community that where there are Muslims then there are terrorists and where there are terrorists then there is a threat accompanied by extremist acts. This article aims to see how western media are constructing the message that Islam is the religion of terrorists and extremists. The method used is the study of literature. The results show that the Media has a big impact on a person's view of something and using only symbols of Islam, they can be accused of being terrorists. The media constructs messages in the form of writings or images that link terror acts with Muslims. Muslims, in general, are suspected of being part of terrorists, even for small neighborhoods. So it is clearly seen that the media is trying to form a negative concept of Islam as a religion of terrorists and extremists.

Public Opinion on the Death Penalty in Mainland China and Taiwan

China Report ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-345
Author(s):  
Qian Qin ◽  
Ziyu Li ◽  
Xiaotong Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
The Public ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
The Media

Mainland China and Taiwan are two significant regions currently executing the death penalty; especially, Mainland China alone is believed to implement an amount of executions even larger than the total of all other countries. However, although Mainland China and Taiwan share the Chinese language, as well as traditional culture, the public’s opinions on the death penalty diverge. There is no evidence showing that more people are becoming abolitionists, albeit different social groups, domestic and overseas, are trying to propel the process of abolitionism. The public’s opinions on the death penalty are highly influenced by various factors, including cultural and historical ones, which are considered to be fundamental. Besides, the media, the public’s confidence in the judicial system, nationalism and international pressure also impact the public opinion. The governments of both Mainland China and Taiwan should take further actions in terms of the judicial system.

scholarly journals From the ‘Open door’ policy to the EU-Turkey deal: media framings of German policy changes during the EU refugee ‘crisis’

2021 ◽  
pp. 004711782199941
Author(s):  
Beatrix Futák-Campbell ◽  
Mira Pütz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Open Door Policy ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Media Discourses ◽  
The Eu

This article explores Angela Merkel’s decision to open Germany’s borders to refugees in September 2015 and her support for the EU-Turkey statement in March 2016. While the first policy offered relief to refugees, the second was designed to significantly reduce the number of refugees coming to Europe. Besides the seemingly contradictory rationale behind these two foreign policy decisions, the role that domestic media played in Merkel’s decision to open the borders was remarkable. The connection between media reports and public opinion has long been established, whereas the connection between foreign policy and the media is more recent. However, the link between all three and how they operate together is yet to be studied. By exploring these connections, we show how foreign policy decisions can be accepted by locals within a language context that fosters identification with outsiders. Similarly, a shift in the discourse, which contributed to the perception of a divergence of interests between the local population and the refugees, helps to understand the subsequent change in foreign policy. In short, we show how this shift provides an insight into the parallels between domestic media discourses, public opinion and foreign policy decisions. We apply deductive qualitative content analysis to demonstrate this connection.

Suicide and the Media

Crisis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Warwick Blood ◽  
Jane Pirkis
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Film And Television ◽  
Media Portrayal ◽  
The Media ◽  
Actual Suicide ◽  
Multiple Meanings

Summary: The body of evidence suggests that there is a causal association between nonfictional media reporting of suicide (in newspapers, on television, and in books) and actual suicide, and that there may be one between fictional media portrayal (in film and television, in music, and in plays) and actual suicide. This finding has been explained by social learning theory. The majority of studies upon which this finding is based fall into the media “effects tradition,” which has been criticized for its positivist-like approach that fails to take into account of media content or the capacity of audiences to make meaning out of messages. A cultural studies approach that relies on discourse and frame analyses to explore meanings, and that qualitatively examines the multiple meanings that audiences give to media messages, could complement the effects tradition. Together, these approaches have the potential to clarify the notion of what constitutes responsible reporting of suicide, and to broaden the framework for evaluating media performance.

Restoration of two great auk (Pinguinus impennis) eggs: Bourman Labrey's egg and the Scarborough egg

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-401
Author(s):  
T. R. Birkhead ◽  
G. Axon ◽  
J. R. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Black Light ◽  
Private Collection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Public Museums ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Time Of Collection ◽  
Extensive Damage

Most of the approximately 75 known eggs of the extinct great auk ( Pinguinus impennis) are in public museums, with a few in private collections. A small number of these eggs has sustained damage, either at the time of collection or subsequently, and two of these eggs are known to have been repaired. The two eggs suffered rather different types of damage and were subsequently restored using different techniques. The first, known as Bourman Labrey's egg, sustained extensive damage sometime prior to the 1840s, when the shell was broken into numerous pieces. This egg was repaired by William Yarrell in the 1840s, and when it was restored again in 2018, it was discovered that Yarrell's restoration had involved the use of an elaborate cardboard armature. This egg is currently in a private collection. The second egg, known as the Scarborough egg, bequeathed to the Scarborough Museum in 1877, was damaged (by unknown causes) and repaired, probably by the then curator at Scarborough, W. J. Clarke, in 1906. This egg was damaged when one or more pieces were broken adjacent to the blowhole at the narrow end (where there was some pre-existing damage). The media reports at the time exaggerated the extent of the damage, suggesting that the egg was broken almost in two. Possible reasons for this exaggeration are discussed. Recent examination using a black light and ultraviolet (UV) revealed that the eggshell had once borne the words, “a Penguin's Egg”, that were subsequently removed by scraping.

International broadcasting: stages of development, specificity and functional structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4(13)) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Ksenia Olegovna NEVMERZHITSKAYA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Global Media ◽  
False Information ◽  
Broadcast Media ◽  
World Community ◽  
Media Agenda ◽  
International Broadcasting ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports

The media influence politics by providing intelligence and arena for political statements. Therefore, the danger of spreading false information and deliberate disinformation can have serious consequences. It is impossible to accuse specific media outlets of unfair coverage, but one cannot fail to note the existing resonance in media reports from different countries. Interpretations of the same events are radically different, while a journalist must rely on facts. The world is faced with the problem of global misunderstanding and information discord. Modern international broadcasting plays an important role in shaping the picture of the event for the world community. It is impossible to deny that the information agenda of many foreign broadcast media depends to some extent on a number of reasons: nationality, foreign policy of his state, profitability. Otherwise, the global media would not contradict each other. We want to track how modern foreign broadcasting builds its agenda and what principles it is guided by. Keywords: Broadcasting, media, Media agenda

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