scholarly journals The Theme of Lost Generation: A study of Hemingway’s “For Whom the Bell Tolls”

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Anser Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lost Generation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Mental Trauma ◽  
Post War

This paper primarily examines the theme of lost generation in Ernest Hemingway’s novel For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940) and the physical and psychological desperation faced by the protagonist, an American volunteer, Robert Jordan. This paper attempts to find the reasons behind this emotional crisis and Hemingway’s notion of describing the mental trauma of Postwar effected generation. Coming to a very close grip with harsh realities and brutalities of wars, Hemingway along with his characters adopt a strong tendency to denounce war which induces abominable sense of emptiness. The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940)   serves to epitomize the post-war expatriate generation. The "point of the book" was not so much about a generation being lost, but that "the earth abideth forever". The characters in For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940) may have been "battered” and “lost” No study of Ernest Hemingway’s literary work can be completed without an understanding of the author’s life because he is one of those authors whose life and works are interdependent. Hemingway made the term ‘Lost Generation’ famous by using it permanently in his novels. All his protagonists are lost generation, wandering aimlessly in the post-war world and had refused to look at the world through rose-coloured glasses. They cut a sorry figure in terms of moral, social and religious values.

scholarly journals RUSSIAN PROSE OF KAZAKHSTAN: EURASIANITY AND DIALOGUE OF CULTURES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5(74)) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
S.V. Ananeva
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
The World

The poetry of the large genre form –the story and the novel includes «openness» as a fundamental opportunity that is endowed with the author and the reader. The poetics of works «in motion» creates a new mechanism of aesthetic perception, expanding the national picture of the writer's world. The concept as a focus of knowledge about the world expands the boundaries of the study of prose by I. Schegolikhin, T. Frolovskaya and K. Keshin. The concepts of the Motherland, memory, oblivion in the literary texts of Russian writers of Kazakhstan are extremely important. A literary work enters into complex non-textual relations with the surrounding reality, expanding the spiritual horizon of society, while preserving traditions and continuity

scholarly journals ИСПАНСКАЯ ТЕМА В РАССКАЗАХ Э. ХЕМИНГУЭЯ «ПОБЕДИТЕЛЬ НЕ ПОЛУЧАЕТ НИЧЕГО»

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (93) ◽  
pp. 162-179
Author(s):  
Т.О. Разуменко
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Ernest Hemingway ◽  
Lost Generation ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Post War ◽  
Life Path ◽  
Main Components

Ernest Hemingway is a symbolic figure in the literature of the 20th century. His name and works entered the history of world literature forever. The purpose of the article is to characterize the way of opening the inner world and the emotional state of the characters, the psychology of the ‘lost generation’ in the interaction of its external and internal manifestations through the civil war inSpain. The article analyzes the stories ‘A clean, well-lighted place’, ‘A way you’ll never be’, ‘The light of the world’. The heated atmosphere of the ‘bloody decade’ introduced new themes into the writer's work.Spainbecame a ‘moment of truth’ for E. Hemingway. He feels the inevitability of the coming world war. E. Hemingway expressed himself inSpaincompletely as an artist, and as a citizen. All the characters of his stories are simple people, men and women, unemployed, traumatized by war, looking for their place in the post-war world (a cook, a lumberjack, Indians, prostitutes etc.). Endless humor, laughter, self-irony, joke, and sometimes bitter laughter help them to stand and find their place in life. The ‘code’ of light, purity, and peace are universally introduced into all writer's works. In the personality of his characters there is much in common, unifying them with all the differences in appearance and life path, and above all, hopelessness and disappointment, indifference to life in general, and the most terrible is their loneliness. The utmost frankness and genuineness of soul movements, the combination of morals, history, nature with the chronicle of only human destiny, are exceptionally bright creative personalities of E. Hemingway, who describes his characters. In our work we came to the conclusion that the characters of the stories about the war years inSpain‘A clean, well-lighted place’ (about a lonely old man), ‘A way you’ll never be’ (about the war), ‘The light of the world’ (the sad and ironic story about prostitutes who remembered the past) anyway are rejected by a prosperous society. Hopelessness, dark state of the soul of ‘lost generation’ are combined with the belief in the ‘ordinary’ life without the war for the characters of E. Hemingway’s stories. Light and dignity are the main components of a person’s peaceful life, the confession of a person who got out of the abyss and survived during the war, but who lost the sense of life in peacetime, they are distinguishing features of many characters in military conflicts.

scholarly journals The characters of Eremey Aipin is pursuit of identity (based on the novel “In Search of the Primordial Land”)

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Tatyana Yuryevna Kolyagina
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Identification Analysis

The subject of this article is the problem of identity of the characters in the novel “In Search of the Primordial Land” by the regional Khanty writer Eremey Aipin. The goal is to describe the key vectors of reflections of the main characters on personal and national identity. The author aims to analyze the path of spiritual and social becoming, as well as finding true identity in the world and society of the protagonists of the novel — “man of the kin” Matvey Taishin and the hero “without kith or kin” Roman Romanov. The study leans on the interdisciplinary comprehensive approach, with the use of cultural-historical, typological, ethno-cultural, axiological and imagological methods of analysis. The scientific novelty lies in examination of the characters of the literary work from the perspective of their identity and identification. Analysis is conducted on the two ways of finding true identity by the characters in the small and big world. Path of “man of the kin” is the cognition of capabilities of staying in the world, strengthening of inviolable faith as the essential link in the chain of life, nature, Cosmos, and humanity. Path of the hero “without kith or kin” is a series of initiations (according to V. Y. Propp), as a result of which he gradually assimilates to the “earthly world”, having acquired the experience of merging with society. It is proven that solution of the questions on personal, social and national identity of the characters of the novel is interrelated with the author's traditionalistic worldview. The conclusion is made that in a crisis historical situation, the characters of the novel intuitively tilt towards ancient cultural memory of humanity, seeing its as a basis for reconstruction of identity.

scholarly journals Central Asian Social Types as an Orientalism Pattern in Leonid Solovyov’s Prose

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Eleonora F. Shafranskaya ◽  
Tatyana V. Volokhova
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The literary work of the Russian writer Leonid Solovyov (1906-1962) was widely known in the Soviet period of the twentieth century - but only by means of the novel dilogy about Khoja Nasreddin. His other stories and essays were not included in the readers repertoire or the research focus. One of the reasons for this is that the writer was repressed by Stalinist regime due to his allegedly anti-Soviet activities. In the light of modern post-Orientalist studies, Solovyovs prose is relevant as a subcomponent of Russian Orientalism both in general sense and as its Soviet version. The Oriental stories series, which is the subject of this article, has never been the object of scientific research before. The authors of the article are engaged, in a broad sense, in identifying the features of Solovyovs Oriental poetics, and, narrowly, in revealing some patterns of the Central Asian picture of the world. In particular, the portraits of social and professional types, met by Solovyov there in 1920-1930, are presented. Some of them have sunk into oblivion, others can be found today, in the XXI century. Comparative, typological and cultural methods are used in the interdisciplinary context of the article.

scholarly journals O RECURSO DO MÉTODO – UMA LEITURA INTERTEXTUAL

Organon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Selva Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Alejo Carpentier ◽  
American Identity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Theories ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Device ◽  
Definition Of

This essay studies the Cuban novel El Recurso del Método by the Cuban novelist Alejo Carpentier,precursor of the “marvelous realism” in the Americas from a comparative perspective of literary theories andnotions such as intertextuality, the cultural decolonization process, deterritorialization, literary and culturalhybridism and the search for cultural identity within the historical, social and political framework ofCarpentier’s literary rendering. Some fundamental notions about the historical evolution of comparativeliterature are dealt with to better comprehend the importance of Carpentier’s literary work, his contribution to agenuine Latin American identity as well as the inclusion of this peripheral literature into the world literature.Providing some examples of this literary device present in the novel, the origin and definition of the so-called“marvelous reality” are focused. The intertextual nature of Carpentier’s text and its carnavalized discourse, itshybrid features and the transcultural issues are outlined in this essay as well.

scholarly journals The “Kirghiz Fairy Tale” in The Gift: Nabokov, Folklore, and Orientalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-299
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
The World ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Russian Literary

In the second chapter of The Gift, Fyodor Konstantinovich Godunov-Cherdyntsev recalls a “Kirghiz fairy tale” about a human eye that wants “to encompass everything in the world.” The plot of the story goes back to a Talmudic parable about Alexander the Great. The parable was retold in Russian by a number of writers and scholars in the 19 th and early 20 th centuries. However, it seems unlikely that Nabokov did use in any original piece of Inner Asian folklore in his novel. More probable is that he invented the “fairy tale” proceeding from one of the Russian versions of the parable. At the same time, Nabokov’s version is based on a number of international literary and folkloric motifs and is related to the “Kalmyk fairy tale” in Pushkin’s novel The Captain’s Daughter and to 19 th century Russian literary fairy tales in verse. While the central theme of Nabokov’s parable is the insatiability of human vision and the frailty of life, its con- and subtexts allude to some other recurrent themes of the novel — death and immortality, the quest for paradise, closed doors and exile, sources of love and poetical inspiration. The Oriental coloring of the tale (and the second chapter of the novel in general) appears to be a literary play with a limited number of texts, in particular with The Captain’s Daughter and A Journey to Arzrum. This allows discussing the “Kirghiz fairy tale” as an intratextually meaningful part of the novel rather than a marginal encrustation. It seems that Nabokov’s literary work with “migratory” plots and folklore texts was in a way close to the methods and ideas developed in Alexander Veselovsky’s school of comparative literary studies.

scholarly journals NOVEL HAFALAN SHOLAT DELISA KARYA TERE LIYE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Candra Wijaya ◽  
Sri Rezeki Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Character Education ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Given the importance of character in building strong human resources, the need for character education is carried out appropriately. It can be said that the formation of character is something that can not be separated from life. Therefore, care is needed by various parties, both by the government, the community, families and schools. Novels as a form of literary work are expected to bring up positive values for the audience so that they are sensitive to problems related to social life and encourage reading novels that can realize positive messages in the novel with good behavior in social life. When the world of education is considered to only pursue and prioritize the academic realm, so that it ignores moral issues and nobility. Literary work in the form of a novel entitled HSD by Tere Liye, seems to be a strategic intermediary for realizing the goal of instilling character education to students because in the novel contains values that must be straightened out.

scholarly journals Sex, Sin and Marriage: Feminists in Patriarchal Culture, Religious Values and the Struggle for the Equality

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Dr. Nuriyati Samatan ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
The Novel ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Church

Sex, Sin and Marriage: Feminists in Patriarchal Culture, Religious Values and the Struggle for the Equality, is a study conducted on the novel Eks Parasit Lajang by Justina Ayu Utami. The approach of this research is qualitative with Critical Analysis of Frankfrut School method through four levels of analysis: Totality, Awareness, Alienation and Criticism. The results of this study show that in the level of totality, Ayu Utami sees the problems experienced by character A as a problem that not only comes from herself, but also from her family who embrace Patriarchal culture, religious values, and also the values come from the society. In the level of Awareness, Ayu Utami sees that the world is constructed by men, and marriage as a mean of legitimizing power (patriarchal); in the level of Alienation, Ayu Utami is alienated from the concept of the church which is considered problematic; about herself and her sexual organs; about the values of women and marriage, until she decides to "take off the Cross's necklace" and ends up "deciding not to have any religion". In the Criticism level, Ayu Utami criticizes her religion’s "Holy Book", Patriarchal culture and also criticizes on the State regulations which she considers unfair especially in marriage arrangement as well as the society values which are considered confining and disadvantaging women, but not for men. 

scholarly journals REPRESENTASI PESANTREN DAN KESALAHAN BERBAHASA DALAM NOVEL “CIUMAN TERAKHIR AYAH” KARYA: MAUFIQURRAHMAN SURAHMAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Kadarisman Kadarisman
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Linguistic Rules ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times ◽  
Building Elements ◽  
The Way

The novel is one type of prose literary work in which there are building elements such as plot, character, setting, and of course language. As part of literature, novels also have their own genre. Indonesian literature continues to evolve in accordance with the demands and development of the times, and in accordance with the situation and conditions in the community of writers and readers. In the novel Ciuman Terakhir, the work of Maufiqurrahman Surahman will be found in a portrait of the world of pesantren which is very thick. This indicates that the sociology of the author is very influential in constructing a literary work. This can be seen in the way the author chooses diction, plot, builds character, and creates a certain atmosphere in the novel. On the other hand, there are still some language errors in the novel The Last Kiss of the Father. Therefore understanding of linguistic rules is very important, because literary works use language as a medium of liaison between authors and readers.

scholarly journals Ekphrastic Self and the Dream House of (Re)Collection: Ishiguro’s ‘Artist’ in a ‘Floating World’

Meliora ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Sibul
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Person Memory ◽  
Modern Process ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literary Description ◽  
Post War ◽  
Floating World

This paper examines the text’s material memory despite aesthetic ‘forgetfulness’ in Kazuo Ishiguro’s An Artist of the Floating Word. Repurposing traditional notions of ekphrasis—the literary description of visual art—to better understand the modern process of self-making, this essay offers Ishiguro’s ‘ekphrastic occasion’ as a tangible remnant that disrupts ideas of objectivity just as it fabricates them. Further, it claims that subjective narrative, such as first-person memory or vivid individual portraiture, often functions as a palpable archive even as it seeks to obfuscate the idea of an objective archive. In this way, material description, rather than adhering to Sebald’s post-war ideal of “unpretentious objectivity,” becomes instead a nuanced site of heightened subjectivity (The Natural History of Destruction 53). We see the “play of writing and reading the world” as an insistently fraught and self-conscious endeavor (Haraway, The Cyborg Manifesto 152). Along these theoretical lines, this argument seeks to harness the idea of a ‘sentient’ archive to reframe the traditional relation between object (the novel) and subject (the reader) as one of mutual animation, breath, and correspondence.

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