scholarly journals Developing Children’s Concepts in Mathematics and Natural Sciences in Elementary School: From Initial Representations to Scientific Concepts

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-45
Author(s):  
E.I. Isaev ◽  
A.A. Margolis ◽  
M.A. Safronova

The article provides psychological and pedagogical background for a technique aimed at transforming children’s initial representations in mathematics and natural sciences into scientific concepts in elementary school. The methodological basis underlying this technique is largely shaped by L.S.Vygotsky’s ideas of holistic and unified development of concepts in the process of learning. We emphasize the key ideas of designing tools for working with students’ initial representations and transforming them into mathematical and natural scientific concepts: identification and joint discussion of children’s naive representations, reflective assessment of different views on the explored subject concept, coordination of opinions and assessments. We analyze the main approaches and practices of working with the students’ initial representations developed in foreign and Russian psychological and pedagogical research. It is worth noting that there is no universally recognized technique for transforming students’ initial representations into scientific concepts in elementary school; nonetheless, there is a number of effective methods in pedagogical practice that we outline in the paper. Finally, we stress the importance of training teachers to work with children’s initial representations in the course of developing their scientific concepts within the learned subject.

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiz Mutiara Alfiya ◽  
Ferina Agustini ◽  
Fine Reffiane

This study aims to develop learning comic media that valid good environment and bad environment toward natural sciences learning in environment theme for class III elementary school.. Data collection instrument consicts of interview sheet, questionnaire on teacher needs, quesionnaire on student needs,  quesionnaire on professional media valid, quesionnaire on material expert, quesionnaire teacher responses and quesionnaire students responses. Result from this study showed that data analysis, professional media valid and learning material expert indicate assessment of comic media with average of value professional media I is 91,67% and professional media II is 85%  while result material expert I is 91,67% and maerial expert II is 85%. From that average result indicate that media is reasonable and valid for used to be learning media.


Author(s):  
Diego De Oliveira Silva ◽  
Juscileide Braga Castro ◽  
Gilvandenys Leite Sales

Resumo: A inserção de recursos tecnológicos em sala de aula traz novas possibilidades e desafios para a prática pedagógica. No entanto é preciso que haja um planejamento que contemple as peculiaridades destas novas ferramentas, permitindo que professores e alunos possam usufruir de suas vantagens. Dessa forma, este trabalho se propõe a apresentar intervenções baseadas na Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (ABP) realizadas em uma escola municipal de Fortaleza, bem como analisar as contribuições das tecnologias digitais neste tipo de metodologia. Para isso são detalhados os projetos “Um Mundo de Informações” e “Pensar, Conectar e Fazer” aplicados, respectivamente, em turmas de 5° e 6° anos do Ensino Fundamental. Além disso, é realizada uma avaliação das ferramentas digitais utilizadas nestas atividades. Concluiu-se que a utilização destas ferramentas influenciou de maneira positiva na aplicação dos projetos, além de permitir a integração do conhecimento em nível interdisciplinar e na criação de produtos educacionais.Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem baseada em projetos. Tecnologias digitais. Metodologia Ativa. Interdisciplinaridade.  PROJECT-BASED LEARNING: CONTRIBUTIONS OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES Abstract: The insertion of technological resources in the classroom brings new possibilities and challenges to a pedagogical practice. However, there is a need for planning that addresses the new tools, allowing teachers and participants to take advantage of them. Thus, this work is projected in Project-Based Learning (ABP) in a municipal school in Fortaleza, as well as data from digital technologies in this type of methodology. To this end, the "Um Mundo de Informações" and "Pensar, Conectar e Fazer" projects, carried out, respectively, in the 5th and 6th grades of Elementary School are detailed. In addition, it is performed an evaluation of the digital tools used in these activities. It was concluded that the use of the tools influenced in a positive way in the application of the projects, besides allowing an integration of knowledge at an interdisciplinary level and in the generation of educational products.Keywords: Project-based learning. Digital technologies. Active Methodology. Interdisciplinarity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (SpecialIssue) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Kartimi Kartimi ◽  
Yunita Yunita ◽  
Fitri Nurzakiah Fuadi ◽  
Istiqomah Addiin

Learning science in elementary schools encourages students to understand the natural environment more deeply, rationally, and scientifically. However, often the scientific concepts they believe about science topics are not in accordance with the scientific concepts they should be. This misconception is difficult for teachers to diagnose. Special instruments to identify and analyze students' misconceptions are needed. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the misconceptions of elementary school students on the topic of energy using a four-tier diagnostic instrument. The purposed-designed survey method was used in this study. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The participants in this study were 20 fourth grade students in an elementary school in Ciamis Regency. A total of 6 questions in the form of a four-tier diagnostic instrument were used to determine the level of students' conceptions. The results showed that the students have misconceptions about the concept of energy. This can be seen from the average percentage of students' misconceptions of 66.67%. This research is expected to contribute to alternative ways to identify and analyze students' misconceptions using the four-tier diagnostic instrument. In addition, it can be used as a reference for teachers and researchers related to the problem of misconceptions of science in elementary school students


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
José BATISTA NETO

RESUMOA narrativa da trajetória escolar de formador de professores é trazida à luz como pretexto para discussão sobre a relevância de material biográfico em processos formativos. Práticas relacionadas ao método biográfico no cenário da escola de educação básica são aqui exploradas com a finalidade de evidenciar seu potencial formativo. A contextualização foi um recurso metodológico observado, tendo de seu uso resultado um texto recheado de notas históricas. A narrativa de trajetória escolar e do contexto de produção compõe aqui um memorial, entendido como um olhar lançado sobre a história de vida de um docente que toma sua vida como objeto e, de suas experiências, faz história. É uma história de si, uma autobiografia, pela qual nos fazemos historiadores de nós mesmos. A narrativa deslindou traços da escola, da formação de professores e da prática pedagógica, de modo a fazer compreender a participação da dimensão biográfica no processo formativo de professor.Trajetória escolar. Biografia. Formação de professor.Narratives of the school career of a teacher trainer: memory, history and formationABSTRACTThe narrative of the school trajectory of teacher educator is brought to light as a pretext for discussion about the relevance of biographical material in formative processes. Practices related to the biographical method in the scenario of the elementary school are explored here in order to highlight its formative potential. Contextualization was an observed methodological resource, and its use resulted in a text full of historical notes. The narrative of the school trajectory and the context of production composes here a memorial, understood as a look at the life story of a teacher who takes his life as an object and, from his experiences, makes history. It is a story of itself, an autobiography, by which we make ourselves historians of ourselves. The narrative unraveled traces of the school,teacher training and pedagogical practice, in order to make the participation of the biographical dimension in the teacher training process easier to understand.School trajectory. Biography. Teacher training.Narrative della carriera scolastica di un insegnante di maestri: memoria, storia e formazioneRIASSUNTOLa narrazione della traiettoria scolastica dell'insegnante viene messa in luce come pretesto per la discussione sulla rilevanza del materiale biografico nei processi formativi. Le pratiche del metodo biografico nello scenario della scuola elementare sono esplorate qui al fine di evidenziarne il potenziale formativo. La contestualizzazione era una risorsa metodologica osservata e il suo uso ha prodotto un testo pieno di note storiche. La narrazione della traiettoria della scuola e il contesto della produzione compongono qui un memoriale, inteso come uno sguardo alla storia di un insegnante che prende la sua propria vita come oggetto e, dalle sue esperienze, fa la storia. È una storia di se stessa, un'autobiografia, con la quale ci rendiamo storici di noi stessi. La narrazione ha svelato le tracce della scuola, della formazione degli insegnanti e della pratica pedagogica, al fine di facilitare la comprensione della partecipazione della dimensione biografica al processo di formazione degli insegnanti.Traiettoria della scuola. Biografia. Formazione degli insegnanti.Narrativas de la carrera escolar de un formador de docentes: memoria, historia y formaciónRESUMENLa narrativa de la trayectoria escolar del formador de docentes sale a la luz como pretexto para la discusión sobre la relevancia del material biográfico en los procesos formativos. Aquí se exploran prácticas relacionadas con el método biográfico en el escenario de la escuela primaria para resaltar su potencial formativo. La contextualización fue un recurso metodológico observado, y su uso resultó en un texto lleno de notas históricas. La narrativa de la trayectoria escolar y el contexto de producción compone aquí un memorial, entendido como una mirada a la historia de vida de un maestro que toma su vida como un objeto y, desde sus experiencias, hace historia. Es una historia en sí misma, una autobiografía, por la cual nos hacemos historiadores de nosotros mismos. La narración desvela las huellas de la escuela, la formación del profesorado y la práctica pedagógica, a fin de facilitar la comprensión de la participación de la dimensión biográfica en el proceso de formación del profesorado.Trayectoria escolar. Biografía. Formación del profesorado.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
pp. e15776
Author(s):  
Zinovii Onyshkiv ◽  
Yaroslava Kodliuk ◽  
Tetiana Lesina ◽  
Olena Malyna ◽  
Nadya Kichuk

The article describes the directions of modernization of preparation of future elementary school teachers in the countries of the European Community, analyzes the normative documents, which reflect the basic requirements for professional pedagogical training. The ways of standardization of elementary school teachers training in pedagogical colleges at the pedagogical faculties of universities are distinguished: national standard of qualified teacher, national curriculum, criteria for professional and pedagogical readiness of the university graduates are defined and reflected in their qualification characteristics. Psychological-pedagogical component, which includes a cycle of psycho-pedagogical disciplines, is recognized as a priority in the professional training of teachers. A characteristic feature of professional pedagogical training is two-phase – academic and practical training, two-stage system of training: at the level of bachelor and master. The tendency to reduce the number of pedagogical colleges and their accession to universities is indicated. The integration of pedagogical education of the countries of the European Community is characterized and the principles of development of the European educational space are named. Four paradigms that coexist in the educational systems of European countries are distinguished: academic-traditional, technological, individual, and research-oriented. The role of pedagogical practice in the system of preparation of future primary school teachers in the countries of Europe is characterized, its types and duration are distinguished.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ricardo e Souza Mafra ◽  
Angel Pena Galvão

Technologies are key alternative resources in the classroom. In relation to the teaching of mathematics, educational robotics can contribute to the development of learning and skills, where the use of technologies in education – as an important resource in educational development – proves to be increasingly permanent and present in our teaching environments. This book brings discussions and reflections on a teaching experiment, based on the use of robotics for the teaching of mathematics, showing the importance of technologies and their contribution to Education. The development of this proposal was organized according to a set of activities, through experiments in educational robotics, carried out in the computer lab of a municipal school, with students from the 7th year of elementary school, in the city of Santarém, state of Pará. The results obtained showed that the development of knowledge in technological areas encourages students to learn and collaborates for their interest, providing moments of significant learning within the discipline of Mathematics. As a result, the use of educational robotics in pedagogical practice resulted in participation, development of critical thinking and student learning, as well as contributing to the debate, involving discussions about interdisciplinarity between different areas of knowledge, such as education, mathematics and informatics.


1961 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 301-306

In addition to this present research summary, readers will find it profitable to refer to the June 1961 issue of The Review of Educational Research which is devoted to the fields of “Natural Sciences and Mathematics.” Sections of t his issue of the Review relate specifically to research on elementary-school mathematics reported during the preceding three-year period.


Author(s):  
Jana Přinosilová ◽  
Erika Mechlová ◽  
Svatava Kubicová

Abstract Inquiry in the natural sciences is an often used term. Inquiry-Based Science Education with the support of sophisticated ICT lacking. Inquiry-Based Science Education has clearly defined its four levels, in particular the use of teaching depends on the particular pupils and teachers. This learning strategy can thus rendering the various options and the use of ICT available at the school. The following article's focus is on a selection of specific technologies available and used at a primary school in connection with the different levels of Inquiry-Based Science Education and the extent of its involvement. The paper also describes social elaborated topic of environmental education in the sample worksheet for elementary school pupils.


Author(s):  
Rosemar De Fatima Vestena ◽  
Greice Scremin ◽  
THAÍS S. do Canto-Dorow

Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta didática para o primeiro ano do ensino fundamental com vistas à apropriação de conceitos científicos da área das Ciências da Natureza. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, conduzida por uma história infantil multimodal, realizada com 19 estudantes do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública localizada no município de Nova Palma (Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil). Inicialmente, foi apresentado um vídeo da história infantil intitulada "Um tucano no meu caminho", produzida com sons, imagens animadas e textos elaborados por uma das autoras deste trabalho. Com base nesse enredo, os alunos tiveram a oportunidade de decodificar a mensagem da história manifestando-se oralmente e por meio de atividades de escrita e desenho. Nesses registros foi possível identificar três categorias: I- Quanto à apropriação do enredo da história; II- Quanto aos estágios de alfabetização; III- Quanto à apropriação dos conhecimentos científicos. A análise dos resultados permitiu a verificação de que a história infantil “Um tucano no meu caminho”, mediada pelas tecnologias digitais, se constituiu em uma estratégia didática viável para o estabelecimento da relação ensino e aprendizagem de Ciências. Além disso, possibilitou a identificação dos níveis de alfabetização dos alunos, os quais foram reconhecidos pela manifestação de diferentes habilidades e pela expressão dos conhecimentos científicos. Palavras-chave: Literatura infantil. Tecnologias digitais. Alfabetização científica. Ensino e aprendizagem. SCIENCE TEACHING AND CHILDREN'S STORIES: PROPOSAL FOR THE EARLY YEARS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Abstract: The purpose of this work is to present a didactic proposition for the first grade of elementary school conducted by a multimodal children’s history, in order to reach the appropriation of scientific concepts of nature science fields. A qualitative approach was used on this study performed with 19 students of this educational stage in a public school from the municipality of Nova Palma (Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil).  At first, it was shown a video containing the history for kids titled “A toucan in my way”, produced by one of the authors and containing sounds, images and texts performed by her. The pupils had the opportunity of discussing about and decoding the history message through oral participation, besides writing and drawing activities. It was possible to identify three categories from this feed-back materials and experiences, namely: I- Relative to the history script appropriation; II- Relative to the literacy stages; and III- Relative to scientific concepts. The analysis of results allowed to verify that this children’s history under mediation of digital technologies becomes an adjusted didactic strategy for the constitution of teaching-learning relationship in sciences’ education. Furthermore, it became possible the students’ literacy levels identification, allowing the expression of diverse abilities and scientific knowledge. 


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