scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SOIL TILLAGE AND SOWING TECHNOLOGIES ON WINTER WHEAT

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Dainis Lapiņš ◽  
Andris Bērziņš ◽  
Zinta Gaile ◽  
Jeļena Koroļova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Direct Sowing

The influence of soil tillage and sowing technologies on the yield of winter wheat were studied on sod podzolic loam soils in the LUA Research and Study Farm “Vecauce” during 1998 to 2000. Classic early ploughing, late ploughing with soil pacomat and sowing without soil reversing were used as comparison variants o f soil tillage for winter wheat. The using of soil pacomat and local mineral fertilizing increased the yield o f winter wheat in the research conditions. Direct sowing and conservation soil tillage gave a decrease o f grain cost and provide the same level o f yield achieved with classic soil tillage and sowing technologies.

scholarly journals Evalution of the healthiness of winter wheat cultivated in conventional tillage, direct sowing and direct sowing with underplant crop of white clover

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Moszczyńska ◽  
Elżbieta Pląskowska
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Direct Sowing

Research of the healthiness of winter wheat depending on the soil tillage system and rate of nitrogen fertilization were carried out in 1998-2001. The largest threat to the healthiness of plants was tan spot, which was caused by <i>Pyrenophora tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i>, especially in cropping season 1999/2000. The soil tillage system diversified the intensification of occurence of this pathogen, only in two last years of research. The most infected by <i>P. tritici</i>-i was wheat, which was cultivated in the direct sowing. Application of underplant crop of white clover in the direct sowing contributed to the improvement of the plants healthiness. The highest rate of nitrogen fertilization (120 kg N.ha<sup>-1</sup>) in the highest degree favoured the damage of wheat by <i>P. tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i>, but only in two first years of research. The second pathogen <i>Blumeria graminis</i>, which caused powdery mildew of cereals, occured in small amount and didn't have any influence on the healthiness of winter wheat.

scholarly journals Productivity of Rainfed Winter Wheat with Direct Sowing and Economic Efficiency of Diversified Fertilization in Arid Region of South Kazakhstan

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Sagadat Turebayeva ◽  
Aigul Zhapparova ◽  
Akbota Yerkin ◽  
Khaiyrnisa Aisakulova ◽  
Gainiya Yesseyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
No Till ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Plant Growth Stimulants ◽  
First Time ◽  
Direct Sowing ◽  
Micronutrient Fertilizer

Reduced soil tillage is a powerful means to mitigate soil degradation. However, in arid climates, no-till rainfed technologies often result in yield drop due to lack of soil moisture and mineral nutrition. Rainfed production of winter wheat using direct sowing and diversified fertilization in South Kazakhstan was studied in 2019–2020. Eight field-scale treatments using nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were studied for biometric parameters of winter wheat. An economic profitability of the amendments used was assessed. The soil managed to accumulate productive moisture to support plants’ needs during formation of productive organs. Use of phosphorus fertilizer at direct sowing accelerated grain maturation, and the combination of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer lengthened the growing season. The highest production cost of 1 tonne of grain was in the plots that did not receive any amendments, and the lowest cost was in the treatment with use of plant growth stimulants together with micronutrient fertilizer. For the first time, optimization of the soil nutritional regime with consideration of the biological and phenological demands allowed for the balance of the plant nutrition and cost efficiency of grain production with direct sowing of winter wheat in dry conditions in South Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Evaluation of reduced tillage technologies in corn production based on soil and crop analyses

2001 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Attila Megyes ◽  
Tamás Rátonyi ◽  
János Nagy ◽  
Márta Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
No Till ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Direct Sowing ◽  
Tillage Methods

Despite new cultivation methods, the proportion of conventionally cultivated land is still very high in Hungary.Although these technologies demand more time, labour and fuel, they are still attractive to users because they require less professional skill and simple machinery. In Hungary, conventional tillage methods usually lead to soil deterioration, soil compaction and a decrease in organic content. These side effects have caused gradually strengthening economic and environmental problems.The technologies for those plants which are dominant on Hungarian arable lands use (winter wheat, maize, sunflower and barley) need to be improved both in the interest of environmental protection and the reduction of cultivation costs.The Department of Land Use at Debrecen University is cooperating with KITE Sc. to carry out soil tillage  experiments at two pilot locations to prove tillage technologies already used in the USA.The aim of our examination is to adapt new technological developments and machinery, and to improve them on Hungarian soil for local environmental conditions. With these improved machines, the field growing of plants could be executed by less manipulation and better suited to economic and environmental needs. The most significant task is to investigate and improve the conventional cultivation replacing, new soil-protecting tillage technologies, and to apply no-till and mulch tillage systems.On the basis of the experiments’ survey data, we established that the looseness and moisture content of the soil using reduced tillage is more favourable than after using conventional technologies. The results of no-till and shallow spring tillage are behind those of winter plough or disk ripper cultivation in corn yield and production elements.To preserve moisture content in the soil, the ground clearing and sowing while simultaneously performing no-till method presents the most favourable results. The surplus moisture gained using no-till technology is equal to 40 mm precipitation.Regarding the yield of winter wheat we established that the tillage methods do not affect plant yield. Both disk ripper and conventional disc cultivation showed nearly the same harvest results (5.55 or 5.5 t/ha), where the difference is statistically hardly verifiable from the no-till method. From the individual production of corn and the number of plants planted in unit area,  calculated results prove that no significant difference can be detected between the production of winter plough and disk ripper technology. Although the yield achieved with the no-till method is less than with the previously mentioned technologies, the difference is only 9-10%. We received the lowest production at shallow spring tillage.Evaluations have shown a 1.1 t/ha (13%) difference in the yield of maize, between winter tillage and the disk ripper method, in this case the traditional method resulted in higher yield. In winter tillage, the yield of maize was 1.9-2.1 t/ha (23-25%) higher than in the case of direct sowing and cultivator treatments. No significant difference could be noted between the yields of direct sowing and cultivator treatments.Our research so far has proved the industrial application of reduced tillage methods in crop cultivation technologies.

Effect of the year on the weed condition of winter wheat in different soil tillage treatments

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Attila Percze ◽  
Csilla Kleinheincz ◽  
Aniko Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Tillage

scholarly journals Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk ◽  
Janusz Smagacz ◽  
Cezary A. Kwiatkowski ◽  
Elżbieta Harasim ◽  
Andrzej Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
No Till ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Direct Sowing

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest around agricultural science and practice in conservation tillage systems that are compatible with sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the qualitative and quantitative changes in weed flora and soil seed bank under reduced tillage and no-till (direct sowing) in comparison with traditional ploughing. In the crop rotation: pea/rape—winter wheat—winter wheat the number and dry weight of weeds increased with the simplification of tillage. The seed bank was the largest under direct sowing and about three times smaller in traditional ploughing. Under direct sowing, most weed seeds were accumulated in the top soil layer 0–5 cm, while in the ploughing system most weed seeds occurred in deeper layers: 5–10 and 10–20 cm. In the reduced and no-till systems, a greater percentage of perennial and invasive species, such as Conyza canadensis L., was observed. The results show that it is possible to maintain weed infestation in the no-till system at a level that does not significantly affect winter wheat yield and does not pose a threat of perennial and invasive weeds when effective herbicide protection is applied.

Winter wheat and soybean zinc uptake in different soil tillage systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Stipesevic ◽  
D. Jug ◽  
I. Jug ◽  
M. Tolimir ◽  
M. Cvijovic
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems

scholarly journals Influence of soil tillage and weed suppression on winter wheat yield

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Branimir Mikic ◽  
Bojan Stipesevic ◽  
Emilija Raspudic ◽  
Georg Drezner ◽  
Bojana Brozovic
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
High Yields

Modern soil tillage systems based on different tools than mouldboard plough have very often stronger weed occurrence, which can be a serious problem for achieving high yields. An obvious solution for weed suppression is a herbicide, whose improper use can deteriorate environment and lead toward serious ecological problems. In order to investigate the interaction between soil tillage and herbicide, trial was set up in Valpovo in seasons 2008/09 - 2010/11. Two soil tillage systems (CT-conventional tillage, based on mouldboard ploughing, and CH-chiselling and disk harrowing, without ploughing) and five herbicide treatments (NH-control, no herbicides; H10- recommended dose of Herbaflex (2 l ha-1); H05-half dose of Herbaflex; F10- recommended dose of Fox (1.5 l ha-1); and F05-half dose of Fox) were applied to winter wheat crops. Results showed similar effects of soil tillage on the winter wheat yield, whereas different herbicide dosages showed similar weed suppression and influence on winter wheat yield.

scholarly journals Influence of direct seeding on the yield of agricultural cultures in the Rostov Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Gregory Vasilyevich Mokrikov ◽  
Tatiana Vladimirovna Minnikova ◽  
Kamil Shagidullovich Kazeev ◽  
Sergey Ilyich Kolesnikov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Traditional Technology ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Russian Agriculture ◽  
Direct Sowing

Tillage technologies that promote resource conservation and increase crop yields, especially in conditions of dry climate, are increasingly being introduced into the Russian agriculture. However, taking into account a diversity of soil and climatic conditions in Russia, it is necessary to study the agro-ecological state of agro landscapes. In Russia, in recent years, an increase in the yield of winter wheat and sunflower has been observed. From 2014 to 2018 in production conditions in the Rostov Region, the effect of direct sowing technology (No-Till) on the yield of winter wheat and sunflower was studied. The yield of sunflower and winter wheat largely depended on the amount of precipitation during the critical growing season of each agricultural crop. In 2014-2017 the yield of winter wheat in agrocenoses using direct sowing technology increased by 26-114%, sunflower by 27-92% compared with the traditional technology. The authors show that direct seeding compared to traditional technology of dump plowing (traditional tillage) contributes to saving motor fuel, increasing crop yields and lowering the cost of the main crops of the Rostov Region: winter wheat and sunflower.

Influence of tillage methods on the water-physical conditions of chernozem typical and winter wheat yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
O.O. Diomkin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Protection Efficiency ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

The article presents the results of three-year studies to determine the effectiveness of local chisel, ultra-deep chisel, chisel conventional and disk tillage when growing winter wheat after fallow in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It has been established that changing the plowing of local or disking soil tillage leads to an increase in the density and hardness of the arable layer. Solid chisel tillage ensures the agrophysical state of the soil at the level of plowing. Chisel loosening improves the structure of the arable layer due to an increase in the number of water resistance aggregates by 2.5–3.4 % in comparison with plowing. The methods of soil tillage in fallow have little effect on the change in the moisture content of the arable and meter layers, which is facilitated by the accumulation and retention of moisture during the maintenance of fallow. Chisel tillage contributes to an increase in soil protection efficiency of the surface by 5–7 % in comparison with plowing due to the partial preservation of crop residues in the period after harvesting the predecessor to the beginning of summer, improvement of the structure of the upper layer and differentiated redistribution of the root system. The highest level of soil protection efficiency is provided by local chisel loosening. All non-moldboard tillage in fallow contributed to an increase in the yield of wheat grain in comparison with plowing, especially after solid loosening with a chisel plow at 33-35 cm, where an increase in yield was recorded by 0.36 t/ha (9 %). An increase in the level of profitability by 16–25 % makes it possible to recommend chisel local and solid loosening by 33–35 cm in a fallow when growing winter wheat in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Keywords: winter wheat, chisel loosening, local loosening, efficiency, density, hardness, water resistance, yield.

scholarly journals Weediness and yield of winter wheat depending on the basic elements of farming system

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00144
Author(s):  
V. G. Kutilkin ◽  
S.N. Zudilin ◽  
S. N. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Fertilizer System

Through the period of 1977–2018, studies were conducted on three experimental fields of the Samara State Agricultural Academy with the purpose of studying the influence of the basic elements of the farming system on the weediness and the yield of winter wheat. Experimental schemes included the following options: the type of fallow in the crop rotation (black, seeded and green-manured), fertilizer systems (organic-mineral recommended, organic-mineral intensive and organic) and various methods and depths of soil tillage of fallow lands. Observations and surveys were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The soil of the plots was ordinary chernozem and typical medium-thick loamy chernozem (humus content was from 6.0 to 8.3 %, mobile phosphorus was from 90 to 155 mg/kg, exchange potassium was from 129 to 190 mg/kg, pHsalt was from 6.3 to 6.8). Replacing black fallow with seeded or green-manured fallow increased the weediness of crops 1.4–1.6 times and reduces the yield of winter wheat by 0.29–1.03 t/ha. Organic fertilizer systems significantly changed the weed species compositions and contributed to an increase in the number of perennials by a factor of 3.0, and their masses by a factor of 1.3–1.4 in comparison with organic-mineral fertilizer system. Organic-mineral fertilizer systems did not have a significant effect on the yield of winter wheat. The organic fertilizer system led to a slight (0.26–0.31 t/ha) grain shortage compared with organic-mineral. The methods and depths of soil tillage did not have a practically significant effect on the weediness and yield of winter wheat.

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