The Effect of Physical Activities on the Fitness Levels in Children with Developmental Problems/Impaired Development

Physical activities have for long been seen as one of the most effective tool of aiding correct growth and development of children. Worldwide children have become a lot less physically active and this is even more apparent in less developed regions. The time and resources devoted to physical education and activities continue to decrease as physical activities and sports games are increasingly being substituted with computer and console games, as well as TV programs. By analyzing the results of EUROFIT method in 2010 it has been found that in all institutions of general secondary education, 47.5% of boys and 55.5% of girls had shown fitness levels below the average level, but 12.8% of boys and 15.1% of girls were seen to have fitness levels being at a low level. As seen in many scientific treatises, every member of society needs to be capable of maintaining a healthy lifestyle in order to ensure optimum health and fitness levels. Regular physical activities improve all components of overall fitness, whereas a precondition to good health is to regularly perform daily activities along with extra physical activities such as sports, and thus having a good overall level of fitness.

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How TGfU Influence on Students’ Motivational Outcomes in Physical Education? A Study in Elementary School Context

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105407 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5407

Author(s):

Vicente Gaspar ◽

Alexander Gil-Arias ◽

Fernando Del Villar ◽

Alba Práxedes ◽

Alberto Moreno

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

School Context ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Basic Psychological Needs ◽

Control Group ◽

Physically Active ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Small Side

The purpose of this study was to implement a comprehensive teaching program based on the principles of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) model and questioning, and to assess its consequences for students’ satisfaction of basic psychological needs, motivation, perceptions of ability and intention to be physically active during Physical Education lessons in primary education. A quasi-experimental design was utilized. Participants were 111 students from two different groups of fifth and sixth graders, all enrolled in one primary school. Participants were divided into experimental and control group. Experimental group experienced a TGfU unit, according to small side games and the questioning. Control group experienced a small side games unit, without questioning. Within-group results showed that experimental group students reported significantly higher mean scores in all dependents variables of the study, in both genders. Results showed that control group only reported significantly higher mean scores in intention to be physically active variable, also in both genders. The results demonstrate the need to implement didactic units under comprehensive pedagogical approaches to improve motivation and the intention to develop healthy lifestyle habits in female and male students. More researches are needed to support this evidence.

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Social support and sports participation motivations of female adolescents in India - study of age transition and achievement level

Physical Culture and Sport Studies and Research ◽

10.2478/pcssr-2020-0025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 49-67

Author(s):

Md. Dilsad Ahmed ◽

Walter King Yan Ho ◽

Rudolph Leon Van Niekerk ◽

Lauren Sulz ◽

Shaheen Begum

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Physical Education ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Sports Participation ◽

Physical Activities ◽

District Level ◽

Female Adolescents ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Achievement Level ◽

Motivation To Participate

AbstractMotivation is likely a pivotal factor contributing to sports participation. In India, because of the unsupportive sports/physical education environment, girls participate less in sports and other physical activities than boys. Therefore, embedding a planned healthy environment with good social support may maximize and, consequently, increase their participation in various sports and physical activities. Considering this unabated dialogue and assuming that motivation is a pivotal need for female sports participation, this study examined the differences in motivation to participate in sports among female adolescents across three age categories: early (11–14 years old), middle (15–18 years old), and late (19–21 years old) adolescence. A total of 528 female adolescents from Assam, India participated in the study. Participation in physical education courses was the criterion for the participants, and they were invited to complete the Participation Motivation Questionnaire. A factor analysis with direct oblimin rotation using the maximum likelihood extraction method yielded a 23-item, five-factor structure that exhibited moderate internal consistency. An ANOVA revealed significant differences across all three age categories regarding all the extracted factors. Moreover, t-tests of all sub-factors identified significant differences between the two achievement levels of district-level and inter-district-level athletes. This study provides sound psychometric and comparative results that are useful for education and formative reviews in applied settings and research purposes. It also serves as a measurement tool for embedding motivation to participate in physical activities and sports among female adolescents and the development of strategic ideas to assist female adolescents from less privileged areas to experience healthy growth and a healthy lifestyle.

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Training Of Penjasorkes Teachers In Efforts To Increase Extracurricular Activities Basic School Athletics As A Sub-District Padang Utara

Jurnal Humanities Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.24036/jha.0101.2019.05 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 48-59

Author(s):

Arsil Arsil ◽

Hendri Neldi ◽

Rosmawati Rosmawati ◽

Atradinal Atradinal

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Extracurricular Activities ◽

Learning Process ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Daily Life ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Student Growth ◽

Self Control ◽

Physical Education Teachers

Education is a conscious and planned effort to create an atmosphere of learning and learning process so that students actively develop their potential to have spiritual strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and the skills needed by themselves, society, nation, and state. Through physical education, it is expected to spur student growth and development. In addition, students are expected to have basic abilities and skills and improve physical fitness in daily life. One of the activities at school which is an effort to improve the ability of students in extracurricular activities especially the athletics branch. One of the material is athletic extracurricular is that students can recognize and perform basic movements that are useful as the basis of various physical activities in addition to being useful for students in developing various forms of motion in play. In connection with the lack of implementation of extracurricular activities, especially those related to athletic material at this time, it is, therefore, necessary to conduct training in an effort to improve athletic extracurricular implementation activities for elementary school Physical Education teachers in Padang Utara District, Padang City.

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No More Bricks in the Wall: Adopting Healthy Lifestyles through Physical Education Classes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16234860 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (23) ◽

pp. 4860 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rubén Trigueros ◽

Adolfo J. Cangas ◽

José M. Aguilar-Parra ◽

Joaquín F. Álvarez ◽

Alexandre García-Más

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Education ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Psychological Control ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

School Students ◽

Physically Active

Despite the multiple benefits associated with practicing physical activity regularly, less than 20% of the population do it on a daily basis. Physical education classes could contribute, during childhood and adolescence, to consolidating adherence to healthy lifestyle habits. The present study involved 606 secondary school students between the ages of 13 and 19. We analysed the relationships between the perception of psychological control and support for autonomy, the satisfaction and frustration of psychological needs, mind-wandering and mindfulness, positive and negative emotions, motivation towards physical education classes, physical activity and the intention to be physically active—all through a structural equation model, which presented acceptable goodness-of-fit indices. The results showed that students who feel more autonomous see that their psychological needs are met and feel emotionally positive; this will result in the development of autonomous motivation towards physical education classes and physical activity that, in turn, could lead to a greater intention to be physically active.

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Integrating Mindfulness into School Physical Activity Programming

Teaching and Learning ◽

10.26522/tl.v7i1.430 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chunlei Lu

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Education ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Critical Dimension ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Children And Youth ◽

Whole Child ◽

Active Lifestyles ◽

Physical Activity Programs ◽

Physical Activity Programming

Mindfulness is a critical dimension in current school physical activity programs (e.g., physical education, intramural, and interscholastic physical activities). School physical activity programs are a key vehicle used in developing healthy active lifestyles among children and youth; however, the absence of mindfulness in these programs has given rise to numerous problems (such as body-mind dualism and stress) that interfere with attaining program objectives. This paper discusses what mindfulness is, why it is needed, and how mindfulness can be integrated into school physical activity programming. The integration of mindfulness can help develop a healthy lifestyle for a whole child; in turn, our school physical activity programs can be re-conceptualized and transformed to deliver this objective on a perpetual basis.

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Training Of Penjasorkes Teachers In Efforts To Increase Extracurricular Activities Basic School Athletics As A Sub-District Padang Utara

Jurnal Humanities Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.24036/jha.v1i1.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 48-59

Author(s):

Arsil Arsil ◽

Hendri Neldi ◽

Rosmawati Rosmawati ◽

Atradinal Atradinal

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Extracurricular Activities ◽

Learning Process ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Daily Life ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Student Growth ◽

Self Control ◽

Physical Education Teachers

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Urban Public School Principals' Perception about Physical Education (PE) and Self-Evaluation on Their PE Programs - from New York City, USA

Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation ◽

10.24112/ajper.181850 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 82-92

Author(s):

Howard Z. Zeng

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Physical Education ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Vital Role ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Evaluation Tool ◽

Public School Principals ◽

Self Evaluation ◽

K 12 ◽

Daily Physical Activities

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. Physical activities in school PE programs have been recognized as ideal paths and environments for developing a healthy lifestyle. Researchers have indicated that principals at all school levels (K-12) would be the critical players in the reform efforts for physical activities and improve their PE programs. This study examined 46 principals’ PE perception. The Principal’s perception of Physical Education Questionnaire and the Self-Evaluation Tool for School Physical Education Program were employed for this survey. Finding included (a) the top three statements that strongly structured the principals’ PE perception were Item 2 (We can activate and foster the physical activity skills children need through our school physical education programs), 11 (Once physical education and daily physical activities are valued and supported, children will gradually form their active and healthy lifestyle.”, and item 1 (Physical education plays a vital role in our school curricula). Regarding self-evaluation for their school PE Program, the principals indicated that their school PE programs were not well-established; some particular areas were far from satisfaction. The relationship between the principals’ PE perception and selfevaluations on their schools’ PE program exists with some correlations stronger than others. 身體活動是學校體育課程中已被確認為發展健康的生活方式的理想途徑和環境。研究表示，提高學校體育課程的品質中，各級學校的校長(從小學到高中)將是關鍵的人物。本研究搜集了46名校長的體育看法。調查問卷是：校長對體育的看法調查問卷和學校體育教育計畫的自我評估量表。本調查發現：校長對體育認知的前三項構成最強烈的影響：分別為：我們可以啟動並促進兒童需要的身體活動技能通過我們的學校體育教育計畫；身體教育和日常身體活動得到重視和支持，孩子們就會逐步形成自己的積極和健康的生活方式；在我們的學校課程中，體育教育起著至關重要的作用。關於他們對自己學校的體育課程的自我評價，校長們表示，他們的學校體育教育計畫尚未很好地建立起來，在一些特定的領域仍未得到校長們的滿意。

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Physical Education and Sport: Does Participation Relate to Physical Activity Patterns, Observed Fitness, and Personal Attitudes and Beliefs?

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117117698088 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 613-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Paul D. Loprinzi ◽

Bradley J. Cardinal ◽

Marita K. Cardinal ◽

Charles B. Corbin

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Education ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Sports Participation ◽

Good Health ◽

National Sample ◽

Muscular Fitness ◽

Physically Active ◽

Fitness Test ◽

School Sports

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between physical education (PE) and sports involvement with physical activity (PA), physical fitness, and beliefs about PA among a national sample of adolescents. Setting: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey National Youth Fitness Survey were used. Participants: A total of 459 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years. Measures: Adolescents self-reported engagement in the above parameters; muscular fitness objectively determined. Analysis: Multivariable linear regression. Results: Adolescents who had PE during school days had a higher enjoyment of participating in PE (β = 0.32; P = .01), engaged in more days of being physically active for ≥60 min/d (β = 1.02; P < .001), and performed the plank fitness test longer (β = 17.2; P = .002). Adolescents who played school sports reported that more PA was needed for good health (β = 0.23; P = .04), had a higher enjoyment of participating in PE (β = 0.31; P = .003), engaged in more days of being physically active for ≥60 min/d (β = 0.70; P = .01), performed more pull-ups (β = 2.33; P = .008), had a stronger grip strength (β = 2.5; P = .01), and performed the plank fitness test longer (β = 11.6; P = .04). Conclusion: Adolescents who had PE during school, who had more frequent and long-lasting PE, and who played school sports generally had more accurate perceptions of the amount of PA needed for good health, had greater enjoyment of PE, were more physically active, and performed better on several muscular fitness-related tests. This underscores the importance of PE integration in the schools and encouragement of school sports participation.

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ATTITUDES OF 15–16-YEAR-OLD PUPILS WITH A SUFFICIENT ACTIVITY LEVEL TOWARDS THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHER AND THEIR BEHAVIOUR

Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences ◽

10.33607/bjshs.v1i104.12 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (104) ◽

pp. 14-19

Author(s):

Vida Ivaškienė ◽

Asta Lileikienė ◽

Gytė Levulienė ◽

Vytautas Markevičius

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Teacher Characteristics ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Activity Level ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Questionnaire Data ◽

Physical Education Teacher ◽

Physically Active ◽

Education Teacher ◽

The Subject

Background. As our society is subject to changes, knowledge about the learners’ attitudes towards a physical education teacher, their behaviour and characteristics can help to more effectively address the problems of physical education at school. The research hypothesis was raised in this article as follows: attitudes of 15–16-year-old pupils with a sufficient activity level towards a physical education teacher and their behaviour will differ with respect to gender: the male pupils’ approach will be more positive than that of female pupils. Research aim was to investigate the attitudes of 15–16-year-old pupils with a sufficient activity level towards a physical education teacher and their behaviour. Methods. The survey was conducted during physical education classes in Kaunas secondary schools in spring, 2015. The questionnaire survey was carried out. Questionnaire data of 300 sufficiently physically active pupils (150 boys and 150 girls) were analysed. Results. Both boys and girls indicated good knowledge of the subject, friendliness, communication with the group, taking into account pupils’ opinions as the most appealing characteristics of the physical education teacher. Both genders considered that the most unfavourable teacher characteristics were insisting on meeting physical standards, non-involvement in physical activities together with pupils in the classroom and disregarding pupils’ needs and wishes. More girls than boys (p < .05) did not appreciate the teacher’s non-communication with pupils, lack of dedication and making offensive comments. Conclusions. Both boys and girls pointed out that the most appealing traits of the physical education teacher’s characteristics were good knowledge of the subject, friendliness, communication with the group and taking into account pupils’ opinions. Girls appeared to be more demanding to the physical education teacher’s behaviour than boys.

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MOTIVATION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TYPES: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Visuomenės sveikata ◽

10.5200/sm-hs.2018.065 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 16-23

Author(s):

Viktorija Piščalkienė ◽

Milda Gintilienė ◽

Donatas Misiūnas ◽

Helen Kool ◽

Jaana Siik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Physically Active ◽

Activity Types ◽

Almost All ◽

Health Enhancing Physical Activity ◽

External Motivation

The analysis was perfomed while participating and doing a research in a project “Villages on Move Baltic” (VOMB) 1.1.2016-31.12.2017 (Number 2016- 3715/001-001). The project‘s objective is to focus more Health Enhancing Physical Activity and joy of sports for rural citizen in participating regions. VOMB project is activating people to give ideas on how to promote everyday physical activity and how to organise their leisure time in rural areas. The Project‘s partners have visited village events and have promoted healthy lifestyle. One of the goals is to motivate inhabitants in rural areas to have more physical activities and more joy of sports. Methods of the research: structured questionnaire in written. This article presents the results of internal and external motivation for most common physical activity types of citizens from participial countries in 6 months. In order to be physically active 6 indicators depended to external motivation and 12 to internal. Sample: there were 627 people from 5 European countries (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Denmark, Finland). The research has shown that the most favorite types of physical activity are walking, riding a bike and running. However, the participants from Finland and Denmark were more motivated in all kinds of physical activities comparing to other participating countries. Walking, gym, Nordic walking, swimming and yoga are the most popular forms of physical activities for the participants of urban areas. Gardening is more popular in rural areas. Participants from 18 to 44 years old are more physically active as they apply a variety of physical activities comparing to the participants in 45 to 59 age group. Almost all of the participants agree that health is a driving force of internal motivation for physical activity. To add more, almost all external factors are important to men and women, considering physical activity. Participants from rural areas more than respondents who live in settlements or cities agree on the idea that person’s quality of life depends on personal efforts.

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