scholarly journals Models of federalism in Switzerland and Germany: a comparative analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
A. D. Gulyakov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Science Project ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Graphic Description ◽  
Federal Form

The article is the first to structure the concept of “model of federalism”. According to the author, it includes such essential elements as the initial factors that influenced the formation of the state, the stages of its development and the essential components of the model, namely, historical-typological and genesis ones features of federalism and the vector of development. Based on the use of historical and state literature, constitutional and legal materials, and the results of a recently published international political science project, the author examines the models of federalism of neighboring countries-Switzerland and Germany, formed in the middle of the XIX century, proposes its graphic description. These states vary in territorial extent and state dynamics, but are still similar at the initial stages of the formation of a federal model, namely the transition to a federal form from a confederal one. Also, the Swiss and German models were radically different from the point of view of their essence and their genesis, but they had a uniform centripetal vector, which in modern globalization conditions is characterized by a strengthening of the management center and a decrease in the autonomy of the subjects.

Combating Problems in Teaching State and Local Government

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 19-20
Author(s):  
Mary H. Waite
Keyword(s):  
Community Colleges ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
The State ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Science Instructors

Because many political science instructors come from another region or state; they feel insufficiently informed in teaching about the state and local government wherein they presently reside. Consequently, instructors generalize about these governments. Yet in many public universities and community colleges, students find the politics in their area pertinent and care less for comparative analysis. In truth, the students probably have a valid point, since the majority will reside in the state where they are attending college.

M.A. BAKUNIN ON THE GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF THE STATE (SOCIAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR KSENOFONTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Marxist Philosophy ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Social Wealth

The article reveals the social and philosophical views of M.A. Bakunin on the genesis, essence and evolution of the state. At the same time, attention is focused on his interpretation of state power, which is a lack of justice and freedom for the people. The philosopher, in substantiating his point of view, gives a detailed analysis of the philosophical conceptual provisions on the state. M.A. Bakunin, being an anarcho-revolutionary in his philosophical views, substantiates the limited point of view on the issue of the state and its social role, the positions of the representatives of German social democracy and the views of supporters of Marxist philosophy. The article reveals the socio-philosophical positions of the Russian thinker on the issue of essential components that substantiate the need for the evolution of the state and its departure from the historical arena. At the same time, the main regulations that characterize the prospects for the development of the state and its withering away are revealed. Only a social revolution, according to M.A. Bakunin, can lead to the destruction of the state as an organ of violence, and bring the people freedom, equality and the use of social wealth. Purpose of the research: to reveal the social and philosophical positions of M.A. Bakunin on the genesis of the state, its essence and evolution. Conclusions: The state, according to the views of M.A. Bakunin, is in any form of violence against the people, and therefore it must be destroyed through a social revolution. The future structure of society, as an ideal, should be based on justice and freedom of the people, their self-organization.

Political symbolics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vardan Bagdasaryan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Science History ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The World ◽  
Color Revolutions ◽  
Cultural Science ◽  
Bank Notes

Relevance of the appeal to a subject of political symbolics is defined by the growing importance of symbols in the management of mass consciousness in present period. The presented book is devoted to managerial possibilities of using symbols from the state and other political forces. The monograph describes the formation of symbolic spaces of oppositional forces from religious schismatics to the forces of "color revolutions". Correlation of political symbolics and ideology of parties is carried out. The comparative analysis over the countries of the world of valuable and semantic maintenance of the major political symbols of the states - anthems, mottoes, awards, bank notes, national holidays, texts of military oaths and oaths of presidents is carried out. The book is of interest to all, interested in political science, history, cultural science.

Political Science and the Juristic Point of View

1928 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. Sabine
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Moral Sentiment ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Legal Validity ◽  
Legal Competence ◽  
The Law

In the August, 1926, number of this journal, Professor W. W. Willoughby presented some conclusions regarding the conception of sovereignty and the range of its applicability in political science, together with some interesting suggestions for the clarification of political theory. His article is devoted primarily to an exposition and criticism of the juristic theories of Professor H. Krabbe, and the gist of his criticism is that Krabbe, in common with the translators of his Modern Theory of the State and with Duguit, fails to distinguish between ethical and legal validity. Krabbe's attack upon the conception of sovereignty is therefore due to a confusion: The legal supremacy which the analytical jurist attributes to the state for purely legal purposes is taken as including also an assertion of moral supremacy. Accordingly, the fact that a legally valid law may be criticized as opposed to moral sentiment or to public interest is turned into an objection against the view that the state, for juristic purposes, may be regarded as a legally sovereign will. Professor Willoughby implies that clarity can be introduced into the whole discussion simply by avoiding this confusion. The justice or utility of a law is a wholly proper question for the moralist, but it is quite irrelevant to the juristic problem, which concerns merely the legal competence of the agency enacting or enforcing the law. “We find in Krabbe, and also in his translators, …. that same mistaken idea which is to be discovered in Duguit, that an inquiry into the idealistic or utilitarian validity of law, as determined by its substantive provisions and purposes sought to be achieved by its enforcement, has a relevancy to, and that its conclusions can affect, the validity and usefulness of the purely formalistic concepts which the positive or analytic jurist employs.”

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF NUTRITION OF MODERN STUDENTS: PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-366
Author(s):  
Irina M. Ilicheva ◽  
E. N. Belous
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
General Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychosocial Aspect ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Subjective Value ◽  
Time Part ◽  
Value Of Health

The article “The peculiarities of students nutrition; psychosocial aspect” by I.M. Ilyicheva and E.N. Belous substantiates the actuality of the investigation of the nutrition of modern students from the point of view of the state strategic resource and upbringing tradition. Social, medical and biological and psycho-hygienic aspects are also discussed. In the introduction, there is considered the importance of the personal stability, responsibility, identity, spiritual and will development as the most important factors of healthy nutrition. The investigation is aimed to make a comparative analysis of the data concerning real nutrition of full-term student in 2009 and 2016. The investigation was performed at the base of the State Social Humanitarian University (Kolomna). In methods of the study, there were briefly described 3 stages: 1) the collection of information about the nutrition of students in 2009 at the base of the “Diary of nutrition” questionnaire, repeated data collection for the same category of subjects in 2016 and a stage of comparative analysis of the information received. The procedure for comparing the data included obtaining 1) general information describing the sample, 2) the number of meals per day, 3) the dominant food products, 4) the subjective assessment of one’s own health, 5)the usefulness and inadequacy of meals, 6) the time (part of the day) of full-fledged meal; The pattern of the comparison is the following: general score of subjects, the number of meals a day, the main products, the subjective value of health, the fullness of the menu, the time of eating. In results, there is noted, that the majority of students eats 4 times a day, about 30 percent have 3 meals a day and no one has more than 5 and less than 2 meals a day. 21 percent have a complete meal, but the rate of such students decreased to 13 percent in 2016. The number of students with a full meal increased in 2016. But they eat in the evening as a rule. The majority of students have snack twice a day in 2016.

scholarly journals Problems of legal regulation of the advertising billboards installation on the road easement areas

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
V. V. Vladimirov ◽  
D. V. Vasilyev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Road ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
State Regulator ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the legal problems of placing advertising structures in the right of way from the point of view of the state regulator. The conclusion is substantiated that the order of the Federal Road Agency dated October 24, 2016 No. 2192-r regarding the requirement to conclude an easement agreement for the installation of an advertising structure violates the current legislation of Russia on advertising. The position of the antimonopoly authorities on the issues of monitoring compliance with the legislation regarding the placement of advertising structures in the right of way of the road is formulated.

scholarly journals Stworzenia nierozumne wezwaniem do doskonałości. Przyczynek do studium nad "Hexaemeronem" św. Ambrożego

Vox Patrum ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 821-837
Author(s):  
Brunon Zgraja
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Parental Love ◽  
Christian Perfection

The present article presents an interpretation made by St. Ambrose in the Commentary to the Six Days of Creation, the so-called Hexaemeron, of some fea­tures of the brainless crestures – plants and animals – in the context of indications and instructions regarding perfection of moral life of the faithful entrusted to his care and, at the same time, it shows the essential elements of a model of Christian perfection, from the point of view of Ambrose as pastor. In brief, Ambrose appeals to the faithful to cultivate in themselves an attitude of humility before God, to stand up for the Christ’s persecuted sheepfold, to guard the deposit of faith handed over to them, to faithfully fulfill his commands, furthermore, to care for conversion of others, to strive for a proper shape of matrimonial and parental love. What is more, Christian perfection, in Ambrose’s opinion, means also freedom from greed, from laziness, a development of the virtues of faith and hope, cultivating an attitude of justice and charity in one’s life, ability to withstand poverty, trust in God’s care, zeal in fulfilling the tasks entrusted to us, hospitality, care for parents, joint respon­sibility for the development of the State, and also keeping widow’s chastity.

Laziness and Labor: Variations on a Malevich Theme

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-272
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
John Maynard Keynes ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Right To Work ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

What idleness, leisure, and free time have in common is that they are the opposite of labor; all three are linked with the cessation or interruption of labor. The article takes Kazimir Malevich’s provocative essay Laziness as the Truth of Mankind (1921) as the starting point for an examination of the complex and fraught issue of the balance between idleness and labor. Malevich redefines idleness as grace, as the point of labor and its peer, and as something that is not only a release from hard labor but that also leads to peace and God. The author proposes a reading of Malevich’s apologetics of idleness in juxtaposition with Marx’s early focus on the issues of human freedom and on alleviating alienation in a newly arranged society, and with Paul Lafargue’s argument that workers would do better to fight for the right to be idle than for the right to work. The comparison with Marx and Lafargue reveals a fundamental flaw in their socialist program of heroic labor, which preserved the exploitation of labor but had the state rather than the capitalists appropriate it. Malevich’s argument comes close to certain insights of John Maynard Keynes in which he envisaged science and technology resolving economic problems by enabling humanity to enter an age of idleness and plenty. Giorgio Agamben’s philosophical deliberations round out the contemporary understanding of the relationship between labor and idleness. From this point of view, laziness and idleness become essential elements of meaningful labor. The option to remain idle, to reject work, to prolong it or to delay its completion are becoming the sine qua non of creative labor worthy of a free person.

scholarly journals Modernization of the visual series as one of the means to preserve the relevance of the opera performance

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
І. М. Рябцева ◽  
Р. В. Супряга
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Opera House

The purpose of the article is to consuder the issue of the stagingprocess of the opera performance in the aspect of the evolution of thedirectorial thought of the last third of the XX – the beginning of the XXIcenturies, as well as to analyze of the involvement of moderntechnological possibilities of creation on the operatic stage of the visualseries and correspondence to the new demands of the audience of thetheater are considered. The question „What is an opera in our time – thehighest of theatrical arts, or the business industry?” is considered. Sincethe current opera house, as a phenomenon, began to lose interest of thepublic. The scientific novelty of the article is the urgency of the questionof modernization of the production of classical opera. The scope of operadirecting is the key in the article, because in it follows the intricaciesassociated with the development of technologies and visual means ofexpressiveness that have influenced the state of the most iconiccontemporary opera performances. The typization and classification ofdirecting concepts during the existence of the opera as a genre is followed.The article analyzed the tendencies of creating an opera performance inSoviet times and in modern times through the prism of visual aspects. Theperformances by P. Tchaikovsky's opera „Eugene Oneginˮ at theMetropolitan Opera in the USA and the Vienna State Opera are consideredand analyzed, it is a methods of investigation. The author of the articleoffers a comparative analysis of two directorial decisions of the productionof the opera to understand the possible options for the development ofdirecting creativity, since the theater of modernity in the context of theevolution of the genre depends on the time and preferences of the modernaudience. The conclusions indicate that this problem is being studied fromthe point of view of the correspondence of innovative directorial decisionswith the attraction of opportunities of modern opera theater to the author'soriginal source.

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