Prevalence and clinical significance of electrocardiogram abnormalities in older civil aviation pilots

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Kuzmina ◽  
A. A. Blaginin ◽  
A. Ya. Fisun
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Intraventricular Conduction ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Aviation Pilots

Abstract. Prevalence and clinical significance of electrocardiography findings was studied in 1189 older pilots in aged 55 years and older, who were consistently admitted to the Central Civil Aviation Hospital (Moscow) and examined on the regular bases. Resting 12-lead electrocardiogram was recorded in all subjects according to generally accepted methods. Normal electrocardiogram was found in 78,5% of older pilots. None of the examined showed signs of myocardial infarction. Minor electrocardiogram abnormalities was registered in 21,5% of pilots. Cardiac conduction disorders were predominated 16,1% of cases, most of them were intraventricular conduction disorders 13,7% of cases. Another electrocardiogram abnormalities were less common 4% of cases. Mixed electrocardiogram abnormalities were noted in a small number of observations in 1,4% of individuals. Thus, older civil aviation pilots are characterized a lower frequency of majority electrocardiogram deviations compared to a population of the same age. The evaluation of fitness to flight in some electrocardiogram deviations is depend of the presence or absence of cardiovascular disease, functional condition of the cardiovascular system and the data of additional examination methods. On the whole, the electrocardiogram use as a screening in asymptomatic individuals has some significant limitations - a number of detected abnormalities may be normal variants, as well as a normal electrocardiogram may be in significant narrowing of the coronary artery. Nevertheless, the need for electrocardiogram recording is recognized by aeromedical specialists of different countries, since this method is exclude a number of pathological changes, which are significant for flight safety.

scholarly journals Impaired heart conduction in pilots of civil aviation of the older age group

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
A. Y. Kuzmina ◽  
A. A. Blaginin ◽  
A. Ya Fisun
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
The State ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Intraventricular Conduction ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
Aviation Pilots

Prevalence, structure and clinical significance of conduction disturbances was studied according to the electrocardiography findings in 1189 older pilots in aged 55 years and older, who were to the Central Civil Aviation Hospital (Moscow) and examined on the regular bases. Resting electrocardiogram was recorded in all subjects according to generally accepted methods. Heart conduction disorders were detected in 16,9% of pilots of the older age group. More common were intraventricular conduction disturbances - 13,7% of cases, atrioventricular conduction disturbances were recorded less often- 1,8% of cases, and their combination was even less common - 0,6% of cases. Cardiac conduction abnormalities as part of another electrocardiogram syndromes were noted in 10 (0,8%) peoples. Older civil aviation pilots are characterized a lower frequency of electrocardiogram changes compared to a general population of the same age in the Russian Federation. The signs of cardiac conduction disturbances on the electrocardiogram in civil aviation pilots did not always lead to unfitness to fly. The evaluation of fitness to flight in some electrocardiogram deviations is depend of the presence or absence of cardiovascular disease, functional condition of the cardiovascular system and the data of additional examination methods. Diagnosis of heart rhythm and conduction disorders is important in assessing the state of the circulatory system, especially in flight personnel. Timely detection of cardiac conduction disorders in civil aviation pilots is essential for maintaining medical safety, especially in older people. Electrocardiography is performed as an initial method for assessing the state of the conducting heart system in civil aviation pilots.

scholarly journals Profesiini stresory v diialnosti pilotiv tsyvilnoi aviatsii [Professional stressors of civil aviation pilots’ activity]

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Blashko
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resistance ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Aviation Pilots

Background: Analysis of aviation accident investigations indicates that one of the main causes of accidents is a decrease in the level of stress resistance of the crew during extreme flight situations, which in turn can lead to a crash. The study of the problem of the negative impact of stressors on the effective operation of the flight crew, indicates that there is a need to form stress resistance in future pilots of civil aviation in the training process. This quality will reduce the threat to flight safety due to human error. Purpose: To characterize publications that actualize the issues of professional stressors in the activities of civil aviation pilots, because their activities are constantly accompanied by many specific stressors, most of which are long-term. Materials and Methods: In the process of research general scientific methods were used – abstract-logical, theoretical generalization, comparison, analysis and synthesis, system analysis. Results: The problem of the impact of stress on the professional activities of pilots is considered, which in modern conditions becomes especially relevant, because the number of air traffic is growing every year. The main four types of general stress that occur in professional flying, as well as the consequences it leads to, are analyzed. Groups of stressors acting on pilots during professional activity are considered and analyzed. An explanation of the psychological mechanisms (aggression, irritability, dogmatism and frustration) that may be involved in trying to cope with a stressful situation. Conclusions: The practical importance for further research in improving the training of future pilots of civil aviation to reduce the impact of the human factor on flight safety was substantiated, as evidenced by the direct impact of stressors on flight safety and the number of extreme flight situations.

The organizational culture of airlines as a risk factor for the professional health of pilots and flight safety in modern Russian Civil Aviation

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 667-673
Author(s):  
Valentina E. Bogdanova ◽  
Vasiliy V. Serikov ◽  
Anna A. Zakrevskaya ◽  
Ekatherina V. Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Aviation Pilots

Introduction. We present the study results of pilots of different age groups about the role of campaign policies in ensuring the safety of flights, health, and social well-being of pilots. The study aims to learn the ideas of civil aviation pilots of different age groups about the role of campaign policies in ensuring flight safety. Materials and methods. The researchers used the following methods as empirical research methods: focus group method, content analysis of pilots' statements, frequency analysis method, implemented in the SPSS-20 program. Results. According to the frequency analysis results, we identified adverse factors of the labor process that negatively affect flight safety. Of these, the most damaging factors of labor activity are: a violation of the elements and features of the organizational, legal and material, and economic management subsystems (organizational characteristics) - 97.5% of respondents; infringement of the work and rest regime of civil aviation pilots - 100% of respondents; stress in the workplace - 92.5% of respondents; poor-quality training - 77.5%; manipulation of wages - 77%. Conclusions. The analysis of the obtained results allows us to conclude that the management policy of the organization and personnel is a crucial factor determining flight safety, a high level of motivation to work, productivity, and health of pilots.

Assessment of labor intensity indicators and factors affecting fatigue in civil aviation pilots based on the results of a questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 356-364
Author(s):  
Evgeny V. Zibarev ◽  
Igor V. Bukhtiyarov ◽  
Elena A. Valtseva ◽  
Andrej V. Tokarev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fatigue Development ◽  
Aviation Pilots

Introduction. An essential feature of the professional activity of pilots of civil aviation aircraft is the high intensity of work due to pronounced emotional, intellectual, and sensory loads, unique work modes. The study aims to assess the intensity of work and the prevalence of factors affecting fatigue among civil aviation pilots according to an anonymous online questionnaire. Materials and methods. Experts surveyed 667 members of the flight crews in remote anonymous online questioning. We developed the questionnaires under the criteria for assessing the intensity of work, assessing the risk factors for fatigue development according to the ICAO recommendations, and analyzing the pilot's activity algorithm. The researchers used descriptive statistical methods to analyze the survey data. Results. The working conditions of pilots according to 7 indicators of tension correspond to class 3.2: a high level of intellectual loads (72-100% of pilots), a large number of overlapping time zones (18%), the maximum duration of concentrated observation (70.7%), a high density of signals and messages (29.9%), a significant number of objects of simultaneous observation (18.9%), a high degree of risk to one's own life and responsibility for the safety of others (98%), as well as a rough working day (79%). According to the totality of indicators, the general class of labor intensity corresponds to the highest degree (class 3.3). The factors affecting the fatigue of pilots include rare rest between flights (44.6% of respondents), intermittent sleep (59.9%), not always a full sleep before the night flight shift (85.9%). According to the survey results, the share of pilots who have spontaneous sleep during the flight is 74.3%, and frequently delayed reaction to usual, non - standard, or extreme stimuli and signals is 12.3%. Conclusions. The obtained data of the questionnaire survey confirm the results of psychophysiological studies that have shown that the level of the labor intensity of pilots is "super-intense or extreme." Therefore, considering the prevalence of factors affecting fatigue among the crew members, and based on the understanding of the fundamental problems noted by the pilots, it is necessary to develop measures and management solutions to minimize the risk factors for fatigue development.

Cellular regeneration as a potential strategy to treat cardiac conduction disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satadru K. Lahiri ◽  
Mohit M. Hulsurkar ◽  
Xander H.T. Wehrens
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
Cellular Regeneration ◽  
Potential Strategy

Models for Codifying International Rules for Jurisdiction, Liability, Safety and Accident Investigation for Commercial Passenger Spaceflight

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky J. Lee ◽  
Sarah L. Steele
Keyword(s):  
International Community ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Accident Investigation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Maritime Law ◽  
Space Tourism ◽  
The Future

The prospect of commercial passenger spaceflight presents an unique opportunity to the space community, comprised not only of the scientists, engineers, enthusiasts and entrepreneurs, but also diplomats, governments, policy makers and legislators, to formulate an internationally acceptable set of requirements, standards and procedures that would give international consistency to operators of commercial passenger spaceflight, both for space tourism and for terrestrial transportation. It is important that the international community avail itself of this opportunity before various countries decide to become “flags of convenience” or to impose more stringent standards than overseas operators can comply with so as to protect a budding industry of their own. This article will explore, from parallels in maritime law and civil aviation law, and drawing from existing domestic examples of regulation, what lessons may be learnt from such existing bodies of law and regulation that may provide some guidance for the future formulation of regulations for on range safety, flight safety or accident investigation relating to commercial passenger spaceflight.

CIVIL AVIATION ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO GROUPS OF AVIATION SPECIALISTS

Aviation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Trifonov-Bogdanov ◽  
Leonid Vinogradov ◽  
Vladimir Shestakov
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Complex Action ◽  
Primary Parameter ◽  
Aviation Accidents ◽  
Operational Process ◽  
Operational Activities

During an operational process, activity is implemented through an ordered sequence of certain actions united by a common motive. Actions can be simple or complex. Simple actions cannot be split into elements having independent objectives. Complex actions can be presented in the form of a set of simple actions. If the logical organisation of this set is open, a complex action can be described as an algorithm consisting of simple actions. That means various kinds of operational activities develop from the same simple and typical actions, but in various sequences. Therefore, human error is always generated by a more elementary error of action. Thus, errors of action are the primary parameter that is universal for any kind of activity of an aviation specialist and can serve as a measure for estimating the negative influence of the human factor (HF) on flight safety. Aviation personnel are various groups of experts having various specialisations and working in various areas of civil aviation. It is obvious that their influence on conditions is also unequal and is defined by their degree of interaction with the performance of flights. In this article, the results of an analysis of air incidents will be presented.

scholarly journals Heart arrhythmias and conduction disorders in patients with acromegaly: the role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
K. V. Melkozerov ◽  
E. G. Przhiyalkovskaya ◽  
N. V. Tarbaeva ◽  
A. A. Almaskhanova ◽  
M. D. Kuklina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Cardiac Mri ◽  
Somatostatin Analogs ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Conduction Disorders

Cardiovascular complications including arrhythmias and cardiac conduction disorders are one of the main reasons of high mortality rate in acromegaly, while they have not been well explored. Aim.To estimate arrhythmias frequency in acromegaly, identify risk factors leading to the development of arrhythmia and cardiac conduction disorder, to determine the role of cardiac MRI in detecting structural and functional changes. Materials and methods.A single-center prospective cohort study, which included 461 patients (151 men and 310 women) with acromegaly, was conducted. All the patients underwent a standard medical examination, including hormonal blood test, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, electrocardiogram daily monitoring. 18 patients with arrhythmias (11 men and 7 women) had cardiac MRI with gadolinium-based contrast. Results.The results of our research show high frequency of arrhythmias and cardiac conduction disorders in patients with acromegaly 42%. Most frequent kinds of arrhythmias and cardiac conduction disorders were sinus bradycardia 19.1% of the cases and conduction disorders of bundle branch blocks 14.5%. Men were more likely to suffer from arrhythmias and cardiac conduction disorders than women (54.2% and 37.4%, respectively,p=0.0005). Not acromegaly activity but duration of the disease was a main risk factor of arrhythmias and cardiac conduction disorders. Patients with arrhythmias had a long anamnesis of acromegaly (10 and 7 years, respectively, p=0.04). Meanwhile, cardiac conduction disorders were commonly observed in the patients who were treated with somatostatin analogs comparing to the patients who didnt undergo this therapy (50% and 38.6% respectively,p=0.004). We showed that 61% of patients with acromegaly and cardiac conduction disorders who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had the signs of myocardial fibrosis. The value of the ejection fraction of the left ventricle according to MRI was higher than with echocardiography (p=0.04). Conclusion.Arrhythmias and cardiac conduction disorders are often observed in patients with acromegaly even with remission of the disease. High risk group need careful diagnostic and monitoring approaches. Cardiac MRI is the gold standard for visualization of structural and morphological changes in the heart. Use of cardiac MRI in acromegalic patients expands our understanding of arrhythmias and cardiac conduction disorders in this disease. There are no specific laboratory markers of diffuse myocardial fibrosis, and the role of myocardial fibrosis in the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders needs further studying.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document