Training of the pharmaceutical personnel during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 (to the 75th anniversary of the Victory)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Miroshnichenko ◽  
S. A. Bunin ◽  
V. N. Kononov ◽  
A. B. Perfilev ◽  
N. L. Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Education System ◽  
State Level ◽  
Training System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
Medical Supply ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Military

Abstract. The characteristic of the functioning of the pharmaceutical personnel training system on the eve and during the years of World War II is presented. It was established that the countrys leadership had carried out a conceptual restructuring of the entire education system in advance and measures had been taken to streamline scientific and scientific-pedagogical work. At the beginning of the war, decisive measures were taken at the state level to preserve both the number of universities with their scientific and pedagogical potential, and the number of students. It is shown that on the eve of the war 22916 pharmaceutical specialists were in stock, of which more than 11 thousand people were drafted into the army, which accounted for about 70% of the staffing requirement. However, these specialists could not fully carry out professional activities without additional knowledge. Many of them, called up from the reserve, in practice in the most difficult wartime conditions, comprehended the organizational features of the work of hospital pharmacies and warehouses, the military field technology for the manufacture of medicines, the principles of medical supply for the army. The contribution of the Military Medical Academy named after CM. Kirov in improving the efficiency of the functioning of the medical supply system and the training of military pharmaceutical personnel. The activities of universities to establish training necessary for the front and rear of specialists, ways to eliminate the personnel hunger, the organization of the educational process in besieged Leningrad are shown. The heroism of students and teachers of institutes is reflected. Celebrating the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory, it is difficult to overestimate the dedicated work of the teaching staff and researchers of pharmaceutical universities and faculties, which allowed not only to preserve, but also to increase the potential of the pharmaceutical education system during the Great Patriotic War. Trained pharmaceutical specialists in difficult conditions worked selflessly at the front, in the rear, preserving the life, health of the wounded and sick soldiers and the countrys population, bringing Victory closer.

scholarly journals Training of commanding (technical) staff for the Red Army’s railway troops at the military railway technicians’ schools in the first half of the 1920s

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Denis S. Lapay
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Training System ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Military Reform ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the training of commanding (technical) staff at schools of military railway technicians’ during the period of military staff training system foundation for the Red Army railway troops in the first half of the 1920s. Topicality of the study is caused by insufficient research of training problems of Red Army railway painter technicians throughout the days of the Civil War ending, the military reform of the 1920s, reorganisation of system of military professional education and stabilisation of a staff contingent. The article reveals the primary activities of the military administration, managing and teaching staff of military railway technicians’ schools in the interests of training technical specialists for the Red Army railway troops. An analysis is made of the disbandment background of mentioned military educational institutions, as well as of the countermeasures taken to preserve them. The finding is about the unreasonableness of the total abolition of military-railway technicians’ schools with the transfer of training junior technical personnel functions directly to the units of railway troops in the format of regimental schools. A brief generalised comparison is made of the Red Army technicians’ historical experience versus the modern training system of junior specialists and technicians of railway troops.

scholarly journals The State of school system in Bosanska Krupa and its surroundings during Austro-Hungarian administration

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Mirza Ahmetbašić ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Starting Point

Very few papers have been written about the development of education in the wider area of Bosanska Krupa during the Austro-Hungarian administration (1878-1918). No comprehensive historical study is known that treats exclusively the development of education in this area during the occupation period. An exception is the book by Elvira Islamović entitled „Schooling and education in the Bihać district during the Austro-Hungarian administration“, published in Bihać in 2008, which in one part deals with the development of schooling in the Bosnian Krupa area. The starting point for the study of the past of Bosanska Krupa and its surroundings is the work of a group of authors entitled „Bosnian-Krupska municipality in the war and revolution“ published in Bosanska Krupa in 1969, which presents a rough overview of Bosnian Krupa's history until the first years after World War II. war and partly the development of education during the Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian and the period between the two world wars, and more recently the following works: Mithad Kozličić, „Population and settlements of the Una-Sana area 1879-1921. godine“, Bihać 1999; Mirza Ahmetbašić, Adnan Hafizović, Osnovna škola “Otoka“ od osnivanja do danas, Bihać 2008; Emin Mesić, Fikret Midžić, “Mali Pset 1272. Tvrđava Krupa, Prilozi za monografiju Bosanska Krupa“, Bosanska Krupa 2012; Asmir Crnkić, Mirza Ahmetbašić, „Bosanska Krupa during the Austro-Hungarian administration”, Bihać 2020 and others. The development of school opportunities during the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian administrations was partially addressed by bringing them into context when dealing with other topics. In this paper, the author talks about school opportunities in the area of Bosanska Krupa and its surroundings at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Attention is paid to the establishment and operation of confessional primary and secondary schools that operated during the Ottoman period, and whose work continued after 1878, and the establishment and operation of the first state primary schools in the wider Bosnian Krupa area. The development of school conditions in the area of Bosanska Krupa during the Ottoman rule did not differ from other parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For the needs of the Muslim population, sibjan mektebs were opened, somewhat later ruždija and madrasas, and for the needs of Orthodox children of the Orthodox primary school. Orthodox primary schools in the Bosnian Krupa area were first opened in Jasenica, Bosanska Krupa and Velika Rujiška. The Austro-Hungarian government also encountered an extremely high level of illiteracy in the area of Bosanska Krupa and its surroundings. At the end of the Ottoman rule, the illiteracy of the population was more than 95%. In addition, the regular educational process was very often interrupted by various infectious diseases that affected this area, as evidenced by numerous historical sources. There was also a great lack of professional teaching staff. A large number of students who are old enough to start school, the need for education of children of immigrant foreigners, etc. it was a sufficient signal to the competent authorities that a state primary school be established in Bosanska Krupa as well. In the villages around Bosanska Krupa, state primary schools opened relatively late. In the period from 1887 to 1913, public primary schools began operating in Otoka, Veliki Radić, Hasanbegova Jasenica, Ivanjska, Vranjska, Hasani and Bužim. However, in the year of establishment of certain schools, e.g. Otoka, Veliki Radić and Hasanbegova Jasenica there are differences between researchers. The Orthodox population was far more in favor of opening interfaith primary schools in their communities than the Muslim population, despite the fact that the Austro-Hungarian authorities, where possible, regulated the formation of special women's classes in public primary schools. The year 1880 marked a turning point in the development of education in the wider Bosnian Krupa area. That year, the People's Primary School in Bosanska Krupa started operating, which operated throughout the Austro-Hungarian period. However, certain researchers claim that this educational institution began operating in 1884 and 1885, respectively. It was one of the main educational centers and a nursery for numerous cultural and educational activities in this area.

scholarly journals Ispol'zovanie informatsionnykh tekhnologii na urokakh geografii

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Vladimirovna Dolgopolova
Keyword(s):  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Staff

The article is addressed to the teaching staff of the education system and reflects the experience of the teacher of geography, O. V. Dolgopolova in the use of ICT in the educational process. The article presents recommendations on implementation of ICT on the geography lessons and during extracurricular activities, a classification of ICT.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS AND CONTRADICTIONS OF DISTANSE LEARNING IN HIGHER EDICATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Tatiana Biliankina
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Education System ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Training System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Organization ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
System A ◽  
Information And Communication

This aticle deals with problems of distance learning in the national universities. The basic pedagogical problems of distance learning. Dedicated pedagogical problems that arise in the implementationof information and communication technologies in the educational process and the organization of pedagogical training system. A number of tasks are presented that require immediate solutions to optimize the use of information and communication technologies in the education system, both in a single educational organization and in the education system as a whole. Some options for solving the problems of distance education are proposed. The necessity of creating an institute of tutoring, as well as the main differences between the teacher of the traditional educational process and the tutor are considered.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS AND PROSPECTS FOR USING IMMERSIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SYSTEM OF TRAINING OFFICERS OF ENGINEERING SPECIALTIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
N.V. Uvarina ◽  
◽  
A.V. Polkovnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Military Education ◽  
Training System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Current State ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Immersive Technologies

Improving the quality of training military specialists at the command level is undoubtedly an urgent problem for law enforcement agencies and the state as a whole. This fact is directly related to the maintenance in a combat-ready state of military units deployed both in the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad. The article analyzes the views of domestic and foreign scientists on the problem of digitalization of education. Its goals, objectives, current state and prospects for further development are revealed. The ways of improving the quality of the organization of the educational process in terms of learning in a distance (digital) format are presented. The current state of integration of immersion technologies in higher education, including military education, is analyzed. A method of giving military education a practical orientation is presented, which consists in the use of immersive technologies. The main provisions of the immersive approach in military education are analyzed. Within the framework of this article, the ways of further development of immersive technologies in the military education system are presented. The parallel development directions of immersion technologies are highlighted: virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR). The possibilities of using these technologies in the perspective of the development of military education are revealed. The necessity of re-profiling the role of the teaching staff of military educational institutions of higher education due to the further integration of immersion technologies into the training system of officers of the Russian army is proved.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Job Satisfaction Among Public and Private Sector College / University Teachers in Lahore

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-118
Author(s):  
Aamir Ali Chughtai
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Education System ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Quality Teachers ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Background & Objectives A high quality teaching staff is the cornerstone of a successful education system. Daily interaction between teachers and students is at the center of the educational process. Attracting and retaining high quality teachers is thus a primary necessity for a strong education system. One step in developing a high quality faculty is to understand the factors associated with teaching quality and retention. One of these factors is job satisfaction. Very often, it is not merely satisfaction with the job, but with the career in general, that is important. With teachers, satisfaction with their careers may have strong implications for student learning. Specifically, a teacher’s satisfaction with his or her career may influence the quality and stability of instruction given to the students. Some researchers argue that teachers who do not feel supported in their work may be less motivated to do their best work in the class- room (Ostroff, 1992; & Ashton & Web, 1986).

scholarly journals Education system readiness to switch to a remote mode of work: pandemic lessons reflection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (119) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Angelina V. Zolotareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Education System ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Digital Ecosystem ◽  
System Readiness ◽  
Psychological Assistance

The article actualizes the problem of the education system readiness to switch to a remote mode of work based on research and reflection on the lessons of the coronavirus pandemic in spring 2020; it substantiated the need for digitalization of the educational process through analysis of trends in the development of education and training using information systems; disclosed approaches to the methodology of digitalization of education in such areas as digital didactics, digital transformation, digital education, digital ecosystem; the concept of «readiness for activity or action» is defined, a theoretical analysis of the organizational, motivational, psychological, material and technical, normative readiness of educational organizations and participants in educational relations for activities in the new conditions of distance learning is provided; it describes the results of a study of the readiness of regional education systems, educational organizations, participants in educational relations (teachers, students and their parents) to work in adistance, remote mode; disclosed research methods (online survey, analysis of websites of educational organizations, study and generalization of experience) and the data of the results of the study of normative, material and technical, informational, organizational readiness, the education system for a remote mode of work, the readiness of teaching staff for new working conditions, as well as the readiness of families of students to study in self-isolation; examples of the best practices for organizing the activities of schools and families of students during the period of the forced transition to distance learning, including forms of rapid response, targeted methodological support of educational organizations in the region, psychological assistance to children and parents in the process of transition to new digital relationship; identified and generalized problems, suggested ways of solving in the near future.

scholarly journals Educación y Espacio Público en la experiencia histórica reciente de Chile: El caso de la transformación neoliberal y autoritaria del sistema educacional durante la Dictadura Militar (1973-1990).

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Felipe Andres Zurita Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Military ◽  
Educational Field

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar algunas transformaciones sufridas por el sistema educacional chileno durante la Dictadura Militar (1973-1990), desde la perspectiva de la mutación del papel desempeñado por el Estado en el campo educacional. Para lograr dicho objetivo se siguen los siguientes pasos: en un primer momento, se caracteriza el sistema educacional chileno vigente hasta 1973. En un segundo momento, se analizan algunas Políticas Públicas Educacionales de orientación neoliberal diseñadas e implementadas por el equipo económico de la Dictadura Militar. Finalmente, se proponen conclusiones con respecto a los impactos de las acciones desarrolladas por la Dictadura Militar sobre el sistema educacional y el profesorado, resaltando un cuestionamiento en torno a la modificación de la comprensión oficial de lo educativo en el espacio público.Palabras clave: Políticas Públicas Educacionales; Dictadura Militar; Chile. ResumoEste artigo tem como objetivo analisar algumas transformações sofridas pelo sistema educacional chileno durante a Ditadura Militar (1973-1990), na perspectiva da mutação do papel desempenhado pelo Estado no campo educacional. Para atingir este objetivo, seguem-se os seguintes passos: num primeiro momento, é caracterizado o sistema educacional chileno em vigor até 1973. Em um segundo momento, são analisadas algumas Políticas Públicas Educacionais de orientação neoliberal desenhadas e implementadas pela equipe econômica da Ditadura Militar. Finalmente, são propostas conclusões sobre os impactos das ações desenvolvidas pela Ditadura Militar sobre o sistema educacional e o corpo docente, destacando um questionamento sobre a modificação do entendimento oficial da educação no espaço público.Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas Educacionais; Ditadura Militar; Chile. AbstractThis article aims to analyze some transformations suffered by the chilean educational system during the Military Dictatorship (1973-1990), from the perspective of the mutation of the role played by the State in the educational field. To achieve this goal, the following steps are followed: Initially, the chilean education system in force until 1973 is characterized. In a second moment, some neoliberal-oriented Educational Public Policies designed and implemented by the economic team of the Military Dictatorship are analyzed. Finally, conclusions are proposed regarding the impacts of the actions developed by the Military Dictatorship on the educational system and the teaching staff, highlighting a questioning about the modification of the official understanding of education in public space.Keywords: Public Educational Policies; Military Dictatorship; Chile.

MAJOR MILESTONES OF BELARUSIAN COLLABORATION DEVELOPMENT DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
ALEXEY IPATOV
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
World War ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of Belarusian collaboration during the World War II and the fight against it during the operation «Bagration» to liberate the territory of the Belarusian SSR. The main attention is paid to the activities of its individual representatives and a number of organizations that attempted to cooperate with Nazi Germany for «liberation» from the «Soviet yoke». It emphasizes the interest of the military and political elite of the Third Reich in cooperation with such organizations and the desire to fully control their activities. The author comes to the conclusion that thanks to the actions of Red Army, a significant part of the Belarusian collaborators was eliminated. The remaining supporters of «independence» after the end of World War II often continued their anti-Soviet activities during the cold war, actively cooperating with the special services of Western countries.

World War II and the Great Patriotic War: to the 75th Anniversary of Victory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Chubaryan ◽  
Natalya Lebedeva ◽  
Maxim Sinitsyn ◽  
Konstantin Sofronov ◽  
Dmitry Surzhik
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
Great Patriotic War

В учебном пособии, подготовленном сотрудниками Института всеобщей истории РАН, рассматривается комплекс геополитических, идеологических, экономических и социально-политических причин, приведших в итоге к началу Второй мировой и Великой Отечественной войны, подчеркивается ответственность нацистской Германии, развязавшей мировой конфликт. Также в пособии представлена история основных боевых сражений Великой Отечественной войны, процесс создания и деятельности Антигитлеровской коалиции, освещены трудные и дискуссионные вопросы, до сих пор вызывающие споры внутри профессионального сообщества историков. Особое внимание уделено Нюрнбергскому трибуналу, осудившему главных нацистских преступников и признавшему нацизм преступлением перед человечеством. Пособие разработано на новейших архивных материалах, ставших доступными читателю в последние годы, и содержит большое количество ссылок на открытые лишь недавно исторические документы Росархива и Центрального архива Минобороны России, которые могут быть использованы для самостоятельной работы.

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