scholarly journals ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF BLOOD CELLS IN THE BASINS OF THE ISCHEMIC LIMBS IN THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS OBLITERANS

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
I I Katelnitsky ◽  
S A Pleskachev ◽  
M A Burikov ◽  
A S Matsionis ◽  
P E Povilaytite
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Lumbar Sympathectomy ◽  
Treatment Implementation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Red Blood Cell Membranes ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Atherosclerosis Obliterans

The aim of the investigation was to study the morphological condition of blood cells in the basins of the ischemic limbs and their dynamics as a result of various types of surgical treatment. Implementation of combined surgical treatment has a more normalizing effect in comparison with isolated reconstructive surgical treatment. The use of lumbar sympathectomy in patients with occlusive lesions of arteries of lower limbs and varying degrees of ischemia reduces endothelial dysfunction and normalizes a number of parameters describing the morphology and functioning of red blood cells and platelets. There was detected the deformation of red blood cells indicating that the restoration of the plasticity of red blood cell membranes significally reduced the degree of agglutination of red blood cells. According to obtained data the influence of sympathectomy depends on the severity of the disease in general the highest efficiency is observed at the II and III degree of ischemia.

Drug‑induced hemolytic anemia

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
O. D. Ostroumova ◽  
S. A. Bliznyuk ◽  
A. I. Kochetkov ◽  
A. G. Komarova
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Hereditary Risk ◽  
Common Drug ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

One of the reasons for the development of hemolytic anemia (HA) can be drugs, including some antibacterial, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antihypertensive drugs. It was found that the most common drug-induced hemolytic anemia (DIHA) develops against the background of taking antibacterial drugs. The true prevalence of DIHA is not known and is approximately one case per 1.0–1.2 million patients. The mechanisms of the occurrence of DIHA are divided into immune and metabolic (non-immune). The first mechanism is associated with the formation of haptens, the second option – with the formation of immune complexes, the third option is mediated by the formation of true autoantibodies to red blood cells, the fourth option of the immune mechanism of the occurrence of DIHA is non-immunological protein absorption on the membranes of red blood cells. The risk factors for the development of DIHA are not fully established. The most common hereditary risk factor for DIHA is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. The main method of diagnosing DIHA is a direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs’ test). The temporal relationship between the use of the inducer drug and the development of HA symptoms is important. The treatment strategy of DIHA is determined by the severity of the disease. In all cases, treatment should be initiated with the identification and withdrawal of the drug that initiated the occurrence of HA. With the development of severe HA, hemodialysis may be required. Prevention of DIHA involves avoiding the use of drugs associated with a high risk of its development.

scholarly journals Identification of a Cytopathogenic Toxin from Sneathia amnii

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella L. Gentile ◽  
Amy Sanford Rupert ◽  
Lizette I. Carrasco ◽  
Erin M. Garcia ◽  
Naren Gajenthra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence Homology ◽  
Emerging Pathogen ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell Membranes ◽  
Passenger Proteins

ABSTRACT Sneathia amnii is a poorly characterized emerging pathogen that has been implicated in amnionitis and urethritis. We found that S. amnii damages fetal membranes, and we identified and purified a cytotoxic exotoxin that lyses human red blood cells and damages cells from fetal membranes. The gene appears to be cotranscribed with a second gene that encodes a protein with identity to two-partner system transporters, suggesting that it is the “A,” or secreted component of a type Vb system. The toxin is 1,881 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 200 kDa. It binds to red blood cell membranes and forms pores with a diameter of 2.0 to 3.0 nm, resulting in osmolysis. Because it appears to be the “A” or passenger component of a two-partner system, we propose to name this novel cytotoxin/hemolysin CptA for cytopathogenic toxin component A. IMPORTANCE Sneathia amnii is a very poorly characterized emerging pathogen that can affect pregnancy outcome and cause urethritis and other infections. To date, nothing is known about its virulence factors or pathogenesis. We have identified and isolated a cytotoxin, named CptA for cytopathogenic toxin, component A, that is produced by S. amnii. CptA is capable of permeabilizing chorionic trophoblasts and lysing human red blood cells and, thus, may play a role in virulence. Except for small domains conserved among two-partner secretion system passenger proteins, the cytotoxin exhibits little amino acid sequence homology to known toxins. In this study, we demonstrate the pore-forming activity of this novel toxin.

scholarly journals Association of general blood count indicators with the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
N. S. Gubenko ◽  
A. A. Budko ◽  
A. G. Plisyuk ◽  
I. A. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Purpose: to study the relationship of the indicators of the general blood test with the severity of the course of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.Materials and methods: the study included 165 patients (92 men — 55.8%, and 73 women — 44.2%, the average age — 59.9 years) who were treated at the Moscow State University Medical Center in the period from April to June 2020 with a diagnosis of COVID-19. All patients underwent: general blood test, CRP, CT of the lungs. The severity of the clinical condition was assessed using the SHOCK-COVID and NEWS-2 scales.Results: a more severe clinical condition of patients and a greater severity of lung damage on admission were statistically significantly associated with a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin, as well as with a greater width of the distribution of red blood cells (RDW-SD). The rate of erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) was significantly associated with the clinical condition of patients evaluated by SHOCK-COVID (r=0.61, p<0.001) and the marker of CRP inflammation (r=0.55, p<0.001). An increase in the absolute number of neutrophils (N), a decrease in the absolute number of lymphocytes (L), and, as a result, an increase in the N/L ratio index was a marker of a more severe course of the disease. It was the N/L index that had the maximum correlation coefficient with the most commonly used marker of systemic inflammation - CRP (r=0.50, p<0.001). The decrease in the level of CRP by discharge was associated with a significant decrease in ESR (r=0.36, p<0.001), the index of the ratio of neutrophil and lymphocyte levels (N/L) (r=0.39, p<0.001), and an increase in the width of the distribution of red blood cells (RDW-SD r=0.25, p<0.01; RDW-CV r=0.57, p<0.001).Conclusions: the most informative indicators of the general blood test at admission to the hospital, allowing to assess the severity of the disease — the width of the distribution of red blood cells, the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes and ESR.

scholarly journals Microcirculation and blood transfusion: effects of three different types of concentrated red blood cells - preliminary results

Critical Care ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Donati ◽  
E Damiani ◽  
R Domizi ◽  
C Scorcella ◽  
A Carsetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Особливості патогенезу та лікування хвороб пародонту в домашніх котів

2013 ◽  
pp. 95-97
Author(s):  
Б. П. Киричко ◽  
Т. В. Звенігородська
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Conservative And Surgical Treatment

Встановлено, що за хвороб пародонту реєструється підвищення показника ШОЕ, рівня глюкози та загального білку, зменшення кількості еритроцитів та лейкоцитів у крові. В ротовій рідині відмічається гіперпротеїнемія та гіперглікемія. Прослідковано залежність активності каталази та рівня малонового діальдегіду під час лікування. Зареєстровано підвищення лізоцимної активності під час лікування в порівнянні з тваринами до лікування. Поєднання консервативного та оперативного методів лікування запальних хвороб пародонту в котів і використання імплантатів «Біомін» дають позитивний ефект. Found that when periodontal disease detected increased ESR, glucose, and gamma-globulin, reducing the number of red blood cells and white blood cells in the blood. In oral fluid celebrated hyperproteinemia and hyperglycemia. The dependence of the level of catalase and malondialdehyde during treatment. The combination of conservative and surgical treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases in cats and implants "Biomin" make a positive impact.

scholarly journals Effects of Polyphenol Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Donors on Lipid Oxidation, Membrane-Skeletal Proteins, and Erythrocyte Structure under Hypoxia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Viсtor V. Revin ◽  
Natalia V. Gromova ◽  
Elvira S. Revina ◽  
Ksenia V. Prosnikova ◽  
Nadezhda V. Revina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Erythrocyte Morphology ◽  
Cell Organization ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Red Blood Cell Membranes

This study shows that membrane-associated cytoskeletal protein structures and the erythrocyte morphology undergo profound changes during hypoxia. Hypoxia also intensified oxidative processes in the lipid phase of the bilayer of red blood cell membranes. Sodium nitroprusside impaired the morphology of red blood cells and altered quantitative and qualitative composition of membrane-skeletal proteins. The findings suggest that hypoxia causes changes at all levels of red blood cell organization, which can cause the functional disorders of hemoglobin oxygen-transporting properties and, eventually, the complete degradation of red blood cells. The use of flavonoids has a protective effect against hypoxia.

scholarly journals Increased Frequency of Paroxysmal Nocturmal Hemoglobinuria Type Cells in Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Neutropenia Correlates with the Severity of the Disease and the Presence of Skewed T-Cell Expansions

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4778-4778
Author(s):  
Athena Damianaki ◽  
Elias Stagakis ◽  
Semeli Mastrodemou ◽  
Irene Mavroudi ◽  
Maria Velegraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Gene Repertoire ◽  
Chronic Idiopathic Neutropenia ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Abstract Introduction: Chronic idiopathic neutropenia (CIN) of adults is an acquired disorder of granulopoiesis characterized by an unexplained, prolonged reduction in the number of peripheral blood (PB) neutrophils. We have previously shown that CIN pathophysiology is related to T-cell activation and increased apoptosis of granulocytic progenitor cells. Notably, in our cohort of patients we exclude cases with antineutrophil antibody activity, i.e. autoimmune neutropenia cases. Aim of the study: Preliminary data have shown the presence of minor populations of paroxysmal nocturmal hemoglobinuria (PNH) type cells in the PB of CIN patients. The present study aims to investigate further the presence of PNH type cells in the PB of a large cohort of patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of CIN and probe the possible association with the severity of the disease and the skewed T-cell profile. Patients - Methods: We have studied 91 adults with CIN and 55 hematologically healthy subjects, age- and sex-matched with the patients. We have used flow cytometry for the detection of PNH type cells according to the International Clinical Cytometry Society guidelines and for the identification of T-cell expansions based on the analysis of T-cell receptor beta variable (TRBV) gene repertoire. Results: CIN patients displayed increased proportion of PB PNH type FLAER-/CD24- neutrophils (0.05% ± 0.18%) and FLAER-/CD14- monocytes (1.33% ± 1.38%) compared to healthy individuals (0.005% ± 0.01% and 0.64% ± 0.66%, respectively; P=0.0044 and P=0.011, respectively). Similarly, the patients displayed increased proportion of both, type II CD235+/CD59dim and type III CD235+/CD59- (0.059% ± 0.29% and 0.065% ± 0.28%, respectively) PB PNH red blood cells, compared to healthy controls (0.01% ± 0.03% and 0.01% ± 0.03%, respectively; P<0.0001 and P< 0.0001, respectively). Interestingly, an inverse correlation was found between the proportion of PB PNH type neutrophils and the number of absolutely neutrophil counts in CIN patients (r=-0.2525, P=0.0157) whereas no correlation was found between the proportion of PNH red blood cells or monocytes and absolutely neutrophil counts. In accordance with our previously reported data, increased frequency of skewed T-cell expansions were identified in CIN patients (71.4%) compared to healthy subjects (29.9%; P<0.0001). PNH type neutrophils (FLAER-/CD24-) were identified at a higher frequency in patients with skewed TRBV repertoire (63.08%) compared to those with normal TRBV distribution (34.61%) (P = 0.0194) suggesting a possible pathogenetic/pathophysiologic association between T-cell activation and emergence of PNH neutrophils in CIN. Conclusion: CIN patients display minor populations of PNH type PB neutrophils, monocytes and red blood cells. The frequency of PNH type neutrophils is associated with the severity of neutropenia and it is higher among patients with skewed TRBV repertoire. These data support further the hypothesis that CIN displays common pathophysiologic features with immune-mediated bone marrow failure syndromes and should be included in this spectrum of disease entities. Disclosures Papadaki: Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding.

Hemoglobin crystals of the red blood cells in the human renal cortex: electron microscopic observations of the renal lithiasis

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ueda ◽  
Hiroto Washida ◽  
Nakazo Watari
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Renal Lithiasis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
First Case ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

IntroductionHemoglobin crystals in the red blood cells were electronmicroscopically reported by Fawcett in the cat myocardium. In the human, Lessin revealed crystal-containing cells in the periphral blood of hemoglobin C disease patients. We found the hemoglobin crystals and its agglutination in the erythrocytes in the renal cortex of the human renal lithiasis, and these patients had no hematological abnormalities or other diseases out of the renal lithiasis. Hemoglobin crystals in the human erythrocytes were confirmed to be the first case in the kidney.Material and MethodsTen cases of the human renal biopsies were performed on the operations of the seven pyelolithotomies and three ureterolithotomies. The each specimens were primarily fixed in cacodylate buffered 3. 0% glutaraldehyde and post fixed in osmic acid, dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol, and then embedded in Epon 812. Ultrathin sections, cut on LKB microtome, were doubly stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

Densitometric Identification of Primitive Erythroblasts After Reaction With Diaminobenzidine

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
John A. Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
Peroxidatic Activity ◽  
Small Density

Hemoglobin is the specific protein of red blood cells. Those cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated are the earliest cells that can presently be considered to be committed to erythropoiesis. In order to identify such early cells electron microscopically, we have made use of the peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin by reacting the marrow of erythropoietically stimulated guinea pigs with diaminobenzidine (DAB). The reaction product appeared as a diffuse and amorphous electron opacity throughout the cytoplasm of reactive cells. The detection of small density increases of such a diffuse nature required an analytical method more sensitive and reliable than the visual examination of micrographs. A procedure was therefore devised for the evaluation of micrographs (negatives) with a densitometer (Weston Photographic Analyzer).

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