scholarly journals THE POSSIBILITY OF DETERMINING THE DURATION OF INJURY BASED ON CHANGES IN THE HISTOMORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE THYMUS IN THE EXPERIMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Airat A. Khalikov ◽  
Evgeniy M. Kildyushov ◽  
Kirill O. Kuznetsov ◽  
Dmitriy S. Komlev ◽  
Gulnaz R. Rahmatullina
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sexually Mature

Background. It is known that lymphoid tissue is the first to react to stress, which is manifested by characteristic morphological manifestations, on the basis of which it is possible to study the duration of damage. Aims: study in the experiment the dynamics of changes in the histomorphometric characteristics of the rat thymus in the process of regeneration of the musculocutaneous tissue during mechanical trauma of the thigh. 84 sexually mature rats were studied, which were divided into 2 groups (experiment and control), and then into 4 subgroups, depending on the time elapsed since the moment of injury (1st, 3rd, 15th and 25th days). Mechanical damage was simulated using a setup that transferred kinetic energy to tissues comparable to that of a 5.6 mm rifle bullet. The animals were removed from the experiment by decapitation, the thymus was removed and subjected to microscopic examination. In arbitrary units, the total area of ​​the lobules, the area of ​​the cortical and cerebral zones was determined. Our research results indicate the phasing of changes in the histomorphometric characteristics of the thymus structure, which correspond to the phases of the course of the wound process, which can be used in forensic practice to determine the duration of the injury.

Automated sequencing batch bioreactor under extreme peaks of 4-chlorophenol

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Buitrón ◽  
M.-E. Schoeb ◽  
J. Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Batch Bioreactor ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Control ◽  
System Operating

The operation of a sequencing batch bioreactor is evaluated when high concentration peaks of a toxic compound (4-chlorophenol, 4CP) are introduced into the reactor. A control strategy based on the dissolved oxygen concentration, measured on line, is utilized. To detect the end of the reaction period, the automated system search for the moment when the dissolved oxygen has passed by a minimum, as a consequence of the metabolic activity of the microorganisms and right after to a maximum due to the saturation of the water (similar to the self-cycling fermentation, SCF, strategy). The dissolved oxygen signal was sent to a personal computer via data acquisition and control using MATLAB and the SIMULINK package. The system operating under the automated strategy presented a stable operation when the acclimated microorganisms (to an initial concentration of 350 mg 4CP/L), were exposed to a punctual concentration peaks of 600 mg 4CP/L. The 4CP concentrations peaks superior or equals to 1,050 mg/L only disturbed the system from a short to a medium term (one month). The 1,400 mg/L peak caused a shutdown in the metabolic activity of the microorganisms that led to the reactor failure. The biomass acclimated with the SCF strategy can partially support the variations of the toxic influent since, at the moment in which the influent become inhibitory, there is a failure of the system.

Road barriers: modern solutions for improving traffic safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
The Impact

Improving the system of preventive measures aimed at reducing the severity of the consequences of road accidents is an urgent task. Road deaths are constantly increasing and there is a need for a comprehensive approach to creating safe road conditions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the promising designs of road barriers designed to prevent uncontrolled exit of vehicles from the roadway of the highway and to develop the design of energy-absorbing fencing. Barrier barriers must not only be safe for road users, but must also ensure their safety, as well as preserve the elements after hitting the fence. Analytical studies have shown that in order to reduce mechanical damage to vehicles and reduce the severity of injuries to the driver and passengers, it is necessary to develop a road fence design that allows you to extinguish the impact energy at the moment of contact between the car and the fence. Keywords: fencing, barrier, safety, traffic accident

Perbaikan Kualitas Produk Batu Bata Merah Dengan Metode Six Sigma-Dmaic (Studi Kasus Cv. Ghatan Fatahillah Karawang)

UNISTEK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Egar Naufal Ari Satya ◽  
Wahyudin Wahyudin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Fishbone Diagram ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dmaic Method

Abstrak. Dunia industri yang semakin berkembang akan mengakibatkan banyaknya persaingan. Perus-ahaan yang dapat bersaing adalah perusahaan yang dapat menjaga  kualitas produknya dengan baik sehingga dapat memenuhi kepuasan konsumen. Maka dari itu diperlukan pengendalian kualitas. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada penurunan cacat pada produk batu bata merah di CV. Ghatan Fatahillah dengan metode Six Sigma-DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, dan Control). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan DPMO sebesar 36.212 dengan nilai sigma 3,29. Jenis cacat yang paling sering terjadi pada batu bata merah yaitu pecah/patah yaitu sebesar 4.327 atau 59,81% dari total keseluruhan produk yang cacat.  Hasil dari tahap analyze dengan fishbone diagram, ditetapkan penyebab dari pecah/cacat, yaitu: pekerja kurang paham standar kualitas, tidak adanya pemeriksaan produk, pekerja kurang paham prosedur kerja, kinerja mesin tidak stabil, pekerja kurang teliti,  jumlah penggilingan tidak menentu, dan komposisi batu bata tidak menentu. Maka perlu dilakukan usulan perbaikan agar dapat mengurangi jumlah produk yang cacat pada batu bata merah. Kata kunci: DMAIC, DPMO, Pengendalian Kualitas, Six Sigma Abstract. The growing industrial world will result in a lot of competition. Companies that can compete are companies that can maintain the quality of their products well so that they can meet customer satisfaction. Therefore, quality control is needed. This research is focused on reducing defects in red brick products at CV. Ghatan Fatahillah with the Six Sigma-DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). From the research results obtained DPMO of 36,212 with a sigma value of 3.29. The type of defect that most often occurs in red bricks is broken / broken, which is 4,327 or 59.81% of the total defective products. The results of the Analyze stage with the fishbone diagram showed that the causes of breakage / defects were determined, namely: workers do not understand quality standards, lack of product inspection, workers do not understand work procedures, unstable machine performance, workers are not careful, the number of mills is erratic, and composition erratic bricks. So it is necessary to make improvement proposals in order to reduce the number of defective products in red bricks. Keywords: DMAIC, DPMO, Quality Control, Six Sigma

Design and Analysis of Reduced Degree of Freedom Modular Snake Robot

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Racioppo ◽  
Wael Saab ◽  
Pinhas Ben-Tzvi
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Snake Robot ◽  
Routing Schemes ◽  
Revolute Joints ◽  
Modular Units ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Control

This paper presents the design and analysis of an underactuated, cable driven mechanism for use in a modular robotic snake. The proposed mechanism is composed of a chain of rigid links that rotate on parallel revolute joints and are actuated by antagonistic cable pairs and a multi-radius pulley. This design aims to minimize the cross sectional area of cable actuated robotic snakes and eliminate undesirable nonlinearities in cable displacements. A distinctive feature of this underactuated mechanism is that it allows planar serpentine locomotion to be accomplished with only two modular units, improving the snake’s ability to conform to desired curvature profiles and minimizing the control complexity involved in snake locomotion. First, the detailed mechanism and cable routing scheme are presented, after which the kinematics and dynamics of the system are derived and a comparative analysis of cable routing schemes is performed, to assist with design synthesis and control. The moment of inertia of the mechanism is modeled, for future use in the implementation of three-dimensional modes of snake motion. Finally, a planar locomotion strategy for snake robots is devised, demonstrated in simulation, and compared with previous studies.

scholarly journals Retarded Mental Development in the Practice of Comprehensive Psychological and Psychiatric Expertise of Juvenile Offenders

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-189
Author(s):  
V.D. Badmaeva ◽  
D.S. Oshevskiy ◽  
A.A. Fedonkina
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
Actual Nature ◽  
Psychiatric Expertise ◽  
Development Characteristic ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
And Control ◽  
Prognostic Functions

The article is devoted to the problem of retarded mental development of juvenile offenders in forensic practice. The findings of male juvenile offenders (n = 30) who underwent a complex psychological and psychiatric expertise were analyzed. As a result of the study, a criminal-relevant pathopsychological symptom complex was identified in juvenile offenders with retarded mental development on organically imperfect soil. Violations manifest themselves in cognitive, emotional-volitional and personal spheres. They lead to a significant decrease in the level of arbitrary regulation, disrupting critical and prognostic functions, and deprive the minor during the time of the tort the ability to recognize and control the actual nature and public danger of his actions. In addition, partial retardation of mental development characteristic of juvenile defendants with personal immaturity without mental disorder is defined.

scholarly journals A Novel Fragmentation Sensitivity Index Determines the Susceptibility of Red Blood Cells to Mechanical Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Ugurel ◽  
Evrim Goksel ◽  
Polat Goktas ◽  
Neslihan Cilek ◽  
Dila Atar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Fragmentation Sensitivity ◽  
Rbc Deformability

Supraphysiological shear stresses (SSs) induce irreversible impairments of red blood cell (RBC) deformability, overstretching of RBC membrane, or fragmentation of RBCs that causes free hemoglobin to be released into plasma, which may lead to anemia. The magnitude and exposure tisme of the SSs are two critical parameters that determine the hemolytic threshold of a healthy RBC. However, impairments in the membrane stability of damaged cells reduce the hemolytic threshold and increase the susceptibility of the cell membrane to supraphysiological SSs, leading to cell fragmentation. The severity of the RBC fragmentation as a response to the mechanical damage and the critical SS levels causing fragmentation are not previously defined. In this study, we investigated the RBC mechanical damage in oxidative stress (OS) and metabolic depletion (MD) models by applying supraphysiological SSs up to 100 Pa by an ektacytometer (LORRCA MaxSis) and then assessed RBC deformability. Next, we examined hemolysis and measured RBC volume and count by Multisizer 3 Coulter Counter to evaluate RBC fragmentation. RBC deformability was significantly impaired in the range of 20–50 Pa in OS compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05). Hemolysis was detected at 90–100 Pa SS levels in MD and all applied SS levels in OS. Supraphysiological SSs increased RBC volume in both the damage models and the control group. The number of fragmented cells increased at 100 Pa SS in the control and MD and at all SS levels in OS, which was accompanied by hemolysis. Fragmentation sensitivity index increased at 50–100 Pa SS in the control, 100 Pa SS in MD, and at all SS levels in OS. Therefore, we propose RBC fragmentation as a novel sensitivity index for damaged RBCs experiencing a mechanical trauma before they undergo fragmentation. Our approach for the assessment of mechanical risk sensitivity by RBC fragmentation could facilitate the close monitoring of shear-mediated RBC response and provide an effective and accurate method for detecting RBC damage in mechanical circulatory assist devices used in routine clinical procedures.

scholarly journals USAGE OF HISTOLOGICAL METHODS IN DETERMINING THE PRESCRIPTION OF KIDNEY INJURIES IN FORENSIC MEDICAL PRACTICE

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 988-992
Author(s):  
Olena P. Babkina ◽  
Volodymyr V. Zosimenko ◽  
Svitlana I. Danylchenko ◽  
Andriy A. Chernozub ◽  
Illia I. Vako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Mechanical Injury ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Moment

Introduction: The article presents data from literary sources and a statistical analysis of our own research on the nature, mechanism and prescription of kidneys injury in case of mechanical trauma and the absence of alcohol intoxication. The aim: To study the dynamics of changes in the histological parameters of the kidneys injured tissues in case of mechanical trauma depending on the prescription of injury. Materials and methods: The material of the study was the kidneys tissue of 48 males and females aged from 20-60 who died at known and unknown time in the presence and absence of alcohol in the blood. We used histological, histochemical methods, and carried out the analysis of results. Results: The obtained results showed that during the mechanical injury of kidneys there often developed a capsule and a parenchyma with hematoma in the area of injury. Our records showed that during the first 6 hours after injury, there appeared a hematoma in the center of the injury. Hemolysis of the erythrocyte particles was observed in the center of the hematoma. There were also isolated leukocytes and fibrin tissues closer to the edge of the hematoma. Conclusions: The obtained results indicate that there are several histological changes in the damaged kidneys tissues area which directly depend on the time which passed from the moment of injury.

Some measurements of the flux of infra-red radiation in the atmosphere

1956 ◽  
Vol 236 (1205) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Atmospheric Radiation ◽  
Radiative Cooling ◽  
Classical View ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Effective Radiation ◽  
Red Radiation

For the continual development of the kinetic energy of the winds, it is necessary for the upper troposphere to be cooled by radiation. Results are reported of nine aircraft ascents on which the upward and downward flows of infra-red radiation were measured and com­pared with values calculated using the radiation charts of Elsasser and Yamamoto. The divergence of radiative flux deduced from these measurements clearly shows that the cooling in the troposphere is not very different from that calculated from radiation charts. The importance of clouds on the radiative pattern is demonstrated; at the moment, incom­plete knowledge of cloud structure will be the chief factor limiting the value of calculations of atmospheric radiation. The measurements are of very limited value in the stratosphere, since, for the very small quantities of water there, the effective radiation is in the rotation band of water vapour ( λ between 30 and 70 μ ) and the radiometer used was not sensitive to these wavelengths. If the use of radiation charts is extrapolated to these conditions they indicate that the radiative cooling continues in the lower stratosphere. This is in contrast with the ‘classical’ view that the stratosphere is in radiative equilibrium.

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