scholarly journals Hemostasis system in elderly patients with ischemic insult in the system of carotid arteries

2021 ◽  
Vol XXX (3-4) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
A. N. Yasmanova ◽  
Р. R. Kamchatnov ◽  
А. A. Alijev ◽  
V. М. Kuzin ◽  
A. N. Yasmanova
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Ischemic Insult ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Fibrin Monomer ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Level Of Aggregation ◽  
Characteristic Features

There was performed investigation of rhelogic properties, of coagulation and anticoagulation blood systems in 88 patients of senile age with ischemic insult in the carotid system. It was determined that for elderly patients highly expressed tendencies for hyperaggregation and suppression of their own fibrinolytic blood activity are characteristic features. Initially increased level of aggregation and hypercoagulation, combined with presence in blood fibrin-monomer complexes were accompanied by progressing DIC syndrome, and as a rule, were associated with steady neurology deficiency and high incidence of mortality. Possible correction ways were considered for hemostasis system disorders in elderly patients.

scholarly journals Glucose Utilization in Rat Hippocampus after Long-Term Recovery from Ischemia

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Beck ◽  
Andreas Wree ◽  
Axel Schleicher
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Cresyl Violet ◽  
Forebrain Ischemia ◽  
Ischemic Insult ◽  
Histological Damage ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The influence on hippocampal glucose utilization of a transient 10-min forebrain ischemia was quantified in male Wistar rats after 2 and 3 weeks as well as after 3 months by application of the [14C]2-deoxyglucose technique. Ischemia was induced by occlusion of the carotid arteries and simultaneous lowering of the blood pressure to 40 mm Hg. For identification of the hippocampal architecture, sections were stained for perikarya (cresyl violet) and for acetylcholinesterase. The hippocampal regions clearly showed different responses to the ischemic insult. The necrotic pyramidal cells being almost completely removed, significant increases in glucose utilization occurred in most layers of the CA1 sector at 2 and 3 weeks post ischemia, while widespread reductions prevailed in all other sectors and the dentate gyrus. At 3 months after the ischemic insult, glucose utilization was reduced in all hippocampal structures including the CA1 region. The increases in glucose utilization in the CA1 sector are suggested to indicate long-lasting presynaptic hyperexcitation, while the widespread reductions in glucose utilization demonstrate that neuronal activity is also altered in hippocampal areas that do not show major histological damage.

scholarly journals Hemostasis in Infertile Patients Participating in Assisted Reproduction Programmes

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
A.O. Godzoeva ◽  
◽  
I.E. Zazerskaya ◽  
V.S. Vlasov ◽  
T.V. Vavilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Fibrin Monomer ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Infertile Patients

Study Objective: To evaluate the impact of multifollicular ovarian stimulation in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) programmes on hemostasis. Study Design: perspective comparative study. Materials and Methods. The study included 68 patients divided into two groups: study group (n = 36) — infertile patients; control group (n = 32) — healthy non-pregnant women of reproductive age. The protocol with gonadotrophin releasing hormone antagonists was used for ovulation stimulation. Hemostasis system in study patients was evaluated in 2 weeks after embryos were transferred to uterus; in control group — on day 20–22 of menstrual period. For the study group, we evaluated clotting test parameters of hemostasis system, D-dimers (D-d) and fibrin monomer (FM). Study Results. We have not found statistically significant differences between hemostasis screening results of study groups. We have identified increase in pro-coagulatory properties of blood in the study group patients: increase in FM and D-d (р < 0.0001 in both cases). There is an association between study parameters and pregnancy (p < 0.001) and no association with obesity, age and infertility. Conclusion. In IVF programme, FM and D-d levels rise, evidencing hypercoagulation development. An increase in FM levels was even more significant and can be used as an early and specific fibrogenesis marker. Keywords: assisted reproductive technologies, fibrin monomer, D-dimer, hypercoagulation, venous thromboembolic events.

scholarly journals The high incidence of severe adverse events due to pyrazinamide in elderly patients with tuberculosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0236109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoung Soo Kwon ◽  
Youlim Kim ◽  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
Sung Yoon Lim ◽  
Yeon Joo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Severe Adverse Events

Caffeine Releasable Stores of Ca2+ Show Depletion Prior to the Final Steps in Delayed CA1 Neuronal Death

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 2960-2967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Xing ◽  
Aryan Azimi-Zonooz ◽  
C. William Shuttleworth ◽  
John A. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Delayed Neuronal Death ◽  
Ischemic Insult ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Ca1 Neurons ◽  
The Mean

In addition to their role in signaling, Ca2+ ions in the endoplasmic reticulum also regulate important steps in protein processing and trafficking that are critical for normal cell function. Chronic depletion of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum has been shown to lead to cell degeneration and has been proposed as a mechanism underlying delayed neuronal death following ischemic insults to the CNS. Experiments here have assessed the relative content of ryanodine receptor-gated stores in CA1 neurons by measuring cytoplasmic Ca2+ increases induced by caffeine. These measurements were performed on CA1 neurons, in slice, from normal gerbils, and compared with responses from this same population of neurons 54–60 h after animals had undergone a standard ischemic insult: 5-min bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries. The mean amplitude of responses in the postischemic population were less than one-third of those in control or sham-operated animals, and 35% of the neurons from postischemic animals showed very small responses that were ∼10% of the control population mean. Refilling of these stores after caffeine challenges was also impaired in postischemic neurons. These observations are consistent with our earlier finding that voltage-gated influx is sharply reduced in postischemic in CA1 neurons and the hypothesis that the resulting depletion in endosomal Ca2+ is an important cause of delayed neuronal death.

scholarly journals High Incidence of Preoperative Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Surgical Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Newman MSc, ◽  
Beth-Ann Cummings MD MSc ◽  
Howard Chertkow MD ◽  
Shannon Fraser MD MSc ◽  
Simon Bergman MD MSc
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Post-operative delirium in elderly patients is associated with higher mortality and longer lengths of stay. This prospective observational study investigated the incidences of preoperative mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and post-operative delirium among elderly patients undergoing elective surgery at the authors’ institution, the relationship between MCI and delirium, and the impact of delirium on surgical morbidity and lengths of stay. The authors found that although MCI did not predict post-operative delirium, the high incidence of MCI in elective surgery patients warrants further study.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic features of carotid arteries predict silent cerebral infarction in elderly patients after coronary surgery

Neurosonology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Yukiko KOYANAGI ◽  
Satoshi KAKIHARA ◽  
Tomo TOIHATA ◽  
Sumi OTOMO ◽  
Kengo MAEKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Coronary Surgery ◽  
Silent Cerebral Infarction

RISK FACTORS FOR ADVERSE CLINICAL EVENTS AFTER CAROTID ARTERIES STENTING IN ELDERLY AND SENILE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1130-1136
Author(s):  
В. А. Белобородов ◽  
И. А. Степанов ◽  
И. И. Томашов ◽  
З. С. Саакян ◽  
В. Г. Трепезников ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Modified Rankin Scale ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
Somatic Status ◽  
Degree Of Disability

Безопасность применения методики каротидной ангиопластики со стентированием (КАС) у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста по-прежнему остается спорным вопросом. Причины развития нежелательных явлений у данной группы пациентов после выполнения операции КАС неизвестны. Цель исследования - изучить факторы риска развития нежелательных клинических явлений после выполнения операции КАС у пациентов старшей возрастной группы. В исследование были включены 147 пациентов (94 мужчины и 53 женщины, средний возраст - 72,1±3,5 года) пожилого и старческого возраста, госпитализированных с целью выполнения КАС по поводу стеноза сонных артерий. Согласно построенной модели бинарной логистической регрессии, статистически значимо ассоциированы с развитием осложнений после выполнения операции КАС следующие параметры: наличие ОНМК в анамнезе ( p =0,013), симптоматический стеноз сонных артерий ( р =0,011) и степень инвалидизации по mRS (Modified Rankin Scale, модифицированная шкала Рэнкин) ≥3 ( р =0,002). Для выявления обозначенных факторов риска и минимизации частоты встречаемости осложнений у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста, которые подверглись операции КАС, необходима детальная предоперационная оценка их соматического статуса с акцентом на состояние сердечно-сосудистой системы. The safety of the use of carotid arteries stenting (CAS) in elderly and senile patients remains a controversial issue. The reasons for the development of adverse events in this group of patients after CAS surgical procedure are unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for the development of adverse clinical events after CAS surgical procedure in elderly patients group. The study included 147 patients (94 men, 53 women, average age - 72,1±3,5 years) of elderly and senile patients hospitalized to perform CAS for stenosis of the carotid arteries. According to the constructed model of binary logistic regression, the following parameters are statistically significantly associated with the development of complications after CAS: the presence of stroke in the anamnesis ( p =0,013), symptomatic stenosis of the carotid arteries ( p =0,011) and the degree of disability according to mRS (Modified Rankin Scale) ≥3 ( p =0,002). In order to identify the identified risk factors and minimize the incidence of complications in elderly patients who underwent CAS surgery, a detailed preoperative assessment of their somatic status is necessary with an emphasis on the state of the cardiovascular system.

Ciprofloxacin in Elderly Patients with Underlying Chronic Diseases

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bianchi ◽  
F. Maggiolo ◽  
H. Ohnmeiss
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Clinical Failure ◽  
Clinical Resolution ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Resistance To Infection

Age is not as important in predisposing to infections as are the associated problems peculiar to certain age groups. Factors such as the advanced age of the patients combined with the presence of chronic disease reduce their resistance to infection. This study comprises 212 elderly patients (aged 65–98 years) who were treated with 500–1000 mg/day ciprofloxacin for 1–18 days. Despite the high incidence of associated chronic diseases, microbiology showed that infections were eradicated in 88.5%. Clinical resolution occurred in 75.5% of patients and clinical failure occurred in 6.1%. Treatment was well tolerated, with clinical side-effects reported in only seven patients. Ciprofloxacin may be considered an effective and safe antimicrobial agent for the treatment of infections in the elderly.

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