scholarly journals General surgery department with the i. F. Bush clinic Of the s. M. Kirov military medical academy (historical notes to the 220th anniversary of the foundation)

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Bogdan N. Kotiv ◽  
Ivan D. Kosachev
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Combat Injuries ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
Surgery Department

The article is dedicated to the 220th anniversary of the founding of the General Surgery Department of the S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. During the time the department was headed by famous representatives of surgery of those times. The representatives of the General Surgery Department made a significant contribution to the development of surgery in our country, subsequently being the heads of surgical departments and medical institutions. Historically, the academic disciplines taught at the department were the primary link in the education program in surgery at the academy. Most of the heads of the department had the experience of participating in military campaigns, which is necessary for education at a military university. Traditionally, the department scientific research were devoted to the study of the wound process, wound infection, combat injuries, oncology, vascular and abdominal surgery. At present, there is currently a continuity in the formation of educational and methodological materials for various categories of students, scientific developments on topical problems of surgery have been going on (4 figs, bibliography: 4 refs).

MILITARY FIELD SURGERY DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY -THE FIRST IN THE WORLD (TO THE 90th ANNIVERSARY OF CREATION)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
I.M. Samohvalov ◽  
V.I. Badalov ◽  
N.A. Tynyankin ◽  
P.P. Lyashed’ko ◽  
S.L. Bechik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
The World ◽  
90Th Anniversary ◽  
Surgery Department

scholarly journals Nikolay N. Petrov: Ethos of a Scientist and a Doctor

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Redko ◽  
Tatyana A. Kovelina ◽  
Ekaterina L. Nikulina ◽  
Darya V. Veselova ◽  
Mariya S. Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Life Journey ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Military

Aim. In this work, the authors set out to perform a historical analysis of Nikolay Petrov’s life journey and scientific work, as well as to demonstrate the importance of the Kuban period in his formation as an individual, a scientist and as a founder of domestic medical deontology.Materials and methods. In this study, the authors used archival documents; works of Nikolay Petrov; as well as the following methods: historical-descriptive, comparative-historical, problem-chronological, biographical along with the method of monographic description.Results. The life and professional journey of Nikolay Petrov can be divided into several periods, each of them playing an important role in his formation as an individual and as a scientist. The fi rst period (‘St Petersburg period’) covers his brilliant upbringing, education at the Military Medical Academy in Saint Petersburg, work as a medical resident at the Surgery Department of the Academy, as well as the publication of his first scientific works and the defence of the doctoral thesis in medicine. During the second period (‘abroad period’), Nikolay Petrov completed advanced training at the Pasteur Institute and worked at the clinics of Switzerland, Austria and Germany. The third period (‘teaching period’) covers the time when Nikolay Petrov was simultaneously working as a surgeon and a teacher at the Military Medical Academy; his fundamental works on surgery and oncology were published. The forth ‘military period’ coincided with the years of the First World War when Nikolay Petrov worked as a surgeon at the hospitals of the Russian Red Cross Society while continuing his research. The fifth period (‘Kuban period’) coincided with the years of revolutionary upheavals, civil war and moving to Kuban. In 1917–1922 Nikolay Petrov had to choose between emigration and his motherland. He stayed true to his profession and his homeland. Nikolay Petrov devoted himself to serving the ‘new’ country, actively participated in the organisation of the Kuban Medical University and wrote a number of works on surgery, including the first work on medical deontology in the country. The sixth period is called ‘return to St Petersburg’ where in 1925 Nikolay Petrov organised the Oncology Department at the Mechnikov hospital, which under his guidance became the first research institute for oncology in our country. This period was marked by the recognition of his talent as a doctor and a scientist by the public and government.Conclusion. Nikolay Petrov‘s ethos as a scientist and a doctor was formed under the influence of his challenging life journey, with the Kuban period being a turning point in his life.

scholarly journals DISCIPLES OF PASTEUR FROM RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-424
Author(s):  
M. M. Karapats ◽  
L. A. Kraeva
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Pasteur Institute ◽  
Petersburg Institute ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. Outstanding scientist, microbiologist, chemist Louis Pasteur left a great legacy to future generations: many discoveries in the relevant fields of science, a large number of disciples, followers and the Paris Institute, bearing his name. Among Pasteur's disciples were more than a hundred Russian scientists, whose fate was different. Some of them returned Home and were able to make a significant contribution to the development of microbiology and immunology in Russia. Not all the names of Pasteur's disciples are known to a wide range of microbiologists. Therefore, the article presents brief materials about some more or less well known scientists-followers of Louis Pasteur. L.S. Tsenkovsky may be considered the founder of microbiology in Russia, who in 1882 published the book "Microorganisms", and later was able to independently create a vaccine against anthrax. Numerous trips to the Pasteur Institute in Paris had a positive value — Lev Semenovich was able to assess how to be equipped laboratories that deal with serious problems in the field of microbiology. Students of Pasteur L.L. Heydenreich, A.D. Pavlovsky, M.F. Popov, A.I. Sudakov, A.A. Raevsky was able not only to develop scientific areas in microbiology, but also to transfer their knowledge to students of medical and veterinary faculties of universities in various cities of Russia, students of the St. Petersburg Military medical Academy and military doctors. I.I. Mechnikov and N.F. Gamalea were great friends and colleagues of Pasteur for many years. Together with Pasteur, they made a great contribution to the prosperity of the Paris Institute and the maintenance of the glory of its founder. The role of these scientists in the world heritage in the field of immunology and microbiology is difficult to overestimate. Associate I.I. Mechnikova was also D.K. Zabolotny, who managed to organize the departments of microbiology and epidemiology in several higher educational institutions of Russia and Ukraine. And, of course, the unsurpassed contribution to the organization of the Pasteur Institute in Russia on the model of the Paris Institute belongs to G.D. Belonovsky. Thanks to his efforts, the Sero-diagnostic laboratory gradually developed into the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute. Many disciples of Pasteur laid the foundation of a number of scientific areas in Russia: microbiology, immunology, toxicology, hygiene. Thanks to the efforts of enthusiasts among the followers of Louis Pasteur managed to establish in Russia (St. Petersburg) Institute, similar to Paris, also named after him. Each of the disciples of Pasteur thanks to selfless work was able to prove his high rank and make a significant contribution to the development of science for the health of the population of the Homeland.

scholarly journals Endoscopic esophageal stenting as a method of selecting and eliminating dysphagia syndrome in esophageal stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Valeriy L. Belevich ◽  
Anton O. Brednev ◽  
Olga G. Kurlova
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Esophageal Stenosis ◽  
Metal Stents ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Neoplastic Processes ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Esophageal Stenting

To assess of our study was to analyze the experience of using esophageal stents in dysphagia syndrome. The main questions to which they wanted to get an answer: the formulation of the main indications and contraindications for esophageal stenting; evaluation of the efficiency and feasibility of esophageal stenting with self-expanding metal stents in incurable patients. At the General Surgery Department of the S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy performed stenting in 78 patients for malignant neoplastic processes and in 2 patients with benign esophageal stricture, who underwent treatment from 2007 to 2020. The patient group included 61 men (76.3%) and 19 women (23.7%). 69 people applied for grade IIIIV dysphagia, 6 had tracheo-esophageal fistulas, and 3 had esophageal-pleural fistulas formed during tumor decay, 2 patients were treated for esophageal burn stricture. The stents of the Korean company M. I. Tech. Installation were performed with short, small diameter endoscopic delivery systems. The onset of feeding, as a rule, began on the next day with satisfactory standing and adequate expansion of the stent, and no displacement. The patient could leave the hospital on the same day. Meals began with the use of water and liquid food with a gradual expansion of the density and consistency of the food. The minimally invasive method for eliminating dysphagia in inaccurate patients is esophageal stenting with self-expanding stents. Esophageal stenting has fewer complications than other invasive surgical techniques for resolving dysphagia. The advantage of palliative treatment of tumor stenoses and fistulas by stenting is to reduce the manifestations of dysphagia, improve the quality and increase the life expectancy of patients (3 figs, bibliography: 15 refs).

scholarly journals History of military radiology (to the 90th anniversary of the department of radiology and radiology with the course of ultrasound diagnostics of the Military Medical Academy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 632-640
Author(s):  
I. S. Zheleznyak ◽  
G. E. Trufanov ◽  
A. G. Ataev
Keyword(s):  
X Rays ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
North West ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics ◽  
90Th Anniversary ◽  
The Military

The Department of radiology and radiology with the course of ultrasound diagnostics of the Military Medical Academy celebrated its 90th anniversary. The Military Medical Academy was the first medical institution in Russia, which immediately after the discovery of x-rays formed the main directions of development of the discipline: research in the field of radiation physics, clinical direction and military radiology, as well as educational and methodological work. The basics of radiology were taught to 5th-year students at the Academy as early as 1897, two years after the discovery of x-rays by V. K. Roentgen. Since 1914, the first courses of military x-ray technicians were organized at the Academy, and in 1923 an independent course of radiology was introduced and the teaching of a new discipline was given a clinical orientation. Glorious traditions were formed at the Department solely due to a remarkable galaxy of scientists who worked within its walls and were at the origins of Russian clinical radiology. These are Professor Mikhail Isaevich Nemenov, academician of the AMN, Professor Georgy Artemyevich Zedgenidze, Professor Leonid Davidovich Lindenbraten, corresponding member of the AMN, Professor Albert Nikolaevich Kishkovsky and many other bright names. Over the years, the Department of radiology of the Academy became recognised as a major educational and scientific center for training and improvement of highly qualified professionals, not only medical institutions of the Ministry of defense of Russia, but also the health of the country. Currently, the staff of the Department is on the rise, carrying out high-level research activities and a complex of everyday radiation studies for the needs of the Academy’s clinics, medical institutions in St. Petersburg and the North-West region.

Patriarch of military neurosurgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
Evgeny V. Kryukov ◽  
Dmitry V. Svistov
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Combat Injuries ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Military

January 19, 2021 marks the 75th anniversary of the birth of one of the leading Russian neurosurgeons, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Boris Vsevolodovich Gaidar. Eight years at the head of the Department and Clinic of Neurosurgery at the Military Medical Academy and 7 years at the head of Military Medical Academy, when his talent as a teacher and leader was most clearly revealed. Academician B.V. Gaidar is one of the countrys leading scientists in the field of treatment of combat injuries of the central nervous system (craniocerebral trauma and mine-explosive wounds of the central nervous system), vascular neurosurgery, and neurooncology. He made a major contribution to solving the issues of organizing specialized neurosurgical care in the Armed Forces in peacetime and in wartime. He personally took part in providing medical assistance to the wounded during the armed conflict in the North Caucasus. B.V. Gaidar represented Russian science at international forums in Austria, Germany and the United States of America, in 2005 he led the organization of the World Congress on Military Medicine for the only time in our country. During the years of leadership of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy B.V. Gaidar carried out a large-scale reconstruction and re-equipment of a number of leading surgical clinics, which contributed to the progressive development of the academys scientific schools. B.V. Gaidar created a scientific school of neurosurgeons, prepared a rich legacy of articles, textbooks and monographs, his merits were recognized by the scientific community and the state. Celebrating the anniversary, Boris Vsevolodovich continues to actively engage in scientific work, training, counseling critical patients, passionately defending the interests of the Military Medical Academy.

ENDOSCOPIC ESOPHAGEAL STENTING AS A METHOD OF SELECTING AND ELIMINATING DYSPHAGIA SYNDROME IN ESOPHAGEAL STENOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Belevich ◽  
Sergey Vanusa ◽  
Anton Brednev ◽  
Olga Kurlova
Keyword(s):  
Small Diameter ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Esophageal Stenosis ◽  
Metal Stents ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Stent Expansion ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Esophageal Stenting ◽  
Korean Firm

To assess the experience of stents application, formulate the main indications and contraindications for the esophageal stenting, prove that the esophageal stenting with self-expandable metal stents is considered as the treatment of choice in incurable patients. Within the period from 2007 to 2018. 78 patients have treated for the cancer of esophagus and gastric cardia, 2 patients with benign esophageal strictures were subjected to stenting at the general surgery department of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. The group of patients included 53 men and 17 women. 60 patients with dysphagia grade IIIIV have been examined, 6 of them with trachea-esophageal, 2 esophageal-pleural fistulas formed during the tumor disintegration, 2 patients were treated for burn strictures of the esophagus. M. I. Tech's esophageal stents of Korean firm were used. Insertion was carried out by short endoscopic delivery systems of a small diameter. Satisfactory evaluation of the stent state and adequate stent expansion, absence of any misplacement were considered as an indication for starting oral food intake. Patients may be allowed to go home shortly after an esophageal stent procedure (the same day). The first day the patient could use water and foods need to be liquid, moist and soft, in the following days it was possible to increase the density of products. The study found that stenting of the esophagus is a current method of endoscopic surgery, aimed at the expanding and maintaining of the lumen of the esophagus by means of the inserted self-expandable stents. Esophageal stenting possesses by fewer complications unlike other techniques. The role of palliative treatment (for example, stenting) is considered to reduce dysphagia, improve the quality of life and increase life expectancy

Complications of Abdominal Surgery, Study Carried Out in the Eastern Region of the Democratic Republic of the Cong

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Aymar CA ◽  
Gentil DR ◽  
Ami MM
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Management Of Complications ◽  
Surgical History ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: In some regions like ours, the complications from abdominal surgery are important indicators of the quality of surgical care, particularly in general surgery. The objective of our work is to study the complications of abdominal surgery. Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study carried out in the general surgery Department of the Skyborn Hospital Center, over a period of 5 years, period from March 2016 to April 2021, with a total of 286 patients. Results: A total of 286 patients having participated in our study, we found that the male sex occupies 186 cases, the age group of the age group between 21 and 40 years occupies the first place, the cesarean with 42% was the first the surgical history, the surgical site infection and wound infection was the first postoperative complications with 64%. 91.6% of patients left the hospital without any particularity and 75.4% of patients received surgical treatment for the management of complications. Conclusion: The delay in the management or non-prevention of complications is an important factor in the occurrence of complications from abdominal surgery. Good postoperative management of the operative site and the surgical wound can prevent and avoid complications of abdominal surgery

scholarly journals EVGENY SERGEEVICH BOTKIN AND SERGEY SERGEEVICH BOTKIN AS REPRESENTATIVES OF THE SCIENTIFIC CLINICAL SCHOOL SERGEI PETROVICH BOTKIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-388
Author(s):  
V. I. Mazurov ◽  
V. S. Nikiforov
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Scientific Training ◽  
Medical Activity ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Therapeutic Schools ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to medical activity of the sons of the outstanding Russian clinician and scientist Sergey Petrovich Botkin (1832-1889) — Evgeny Sergeevich Botkin (1865-1918) and Sergey Sergeevich Botkin (1859-1910). Sergey Petrovich Botkin is the founder of the first in Russia and one of the largest scientific therapeutic schools. Among the doctors who were trained in the clinic of the Military medical Academy in the years of work of Sergei Petrovich Botkin, were his sons, however, traditionally in the publications on the scientific clinical school of Sergei Petrovich Botkin, their names are not mentioned among his students. The authors made an attempt to trace the stages of the life of the sons of Sergei Petrovich Botkin, in particular, study and work in the Military medical Academy, scientific training abroad, medical activities in medical institutions of St. Petersburg and organization of medical care as part of the red cross during the Russian-Japanese war (1904-1905). The work of Yevgeny Botkin as a court physician of the family of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II is considered separately. The article reveals the influence of the person S.P. Botkin and his closest disciples on E.S. Botkin and S.S. Botkin, as well as the continuity of clinical views and research of S.P. Botkin and his sons. The authors emphasize the similarity of ethical principles of medical activity, which guided Sergey Petrovich Botkin and his sons. The materials presented in the article confirm that the sons of Sergey Petrovich Botkin — Evgeny Sergeevich Botkin and Sergey Sergeevich Botkin — belong to his scientific clinical school.

scholarly journals Experience in treatment of diaphragm hernias

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Petr N. Zubarev ◽  
Aleksey V. Khokhlov ◽  
Igor E. Onnitsev ◽  
Vladislav M. Trofimov ◽  
Valeriy L. Belevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Laparoscopic Techniques ◽  
The Military ◽  
Positive Effect

Hernias of the diaphragm are a common pathology that negatively affects the quality of life of patients and in some cases requires high-quality surgical correction. This pathology has a progressive course, which leads to an increase in the severity of clinical manifestations with the age of the patient. The article presents the experience of surgical treatment of hernias of the diaphragm on the basis of general surgery clinics of the military medical academy. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of surgical treatment of hernias of the diaphragm in different categories of patients. The total number of treated patients was 216. All patients were operated on. Thirty-four patients underwent a sympultal laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The operation used laparoscopic access. The closest excellent and good results of clinical treatment occurred in 92% of cases, satisfactory and unsatisfactory results accounted for 5.4 and 2.7%, respectively. According to the results of the instrumental survey, 40.6 and 54%, respectively, achieved excellent and good results; Satisfactory and unsatisfactory 2.7 and 2.7%. The introduction of laparoscopic techniques in surgery has reduced the number of early and late post-operative complications in the treatment of hernias of the diaphragm. The recommendations of the American Association of Endoscopic Surgeons for the operational treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease shows the positive effect of laparoscopic fundoplications in 8593% of patients whose medicinal therapy has proved ineffective. In general, the results of the immediate and long-term outcomes of the surgical treatment of hernias of the diaphragm at the General Surgery Clinic of Military Medical Academy showed similar results (8 figs, bibliography: 16 refs).

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