Reformulated Object Relations Theory: A Bridge Between Clinical Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapy Integration, and the Understanding and Treatment of Suicidal Depression

In contrast to the fruitful relationship between psychoanalysis/psychoanalysts and the humanities, institutionalized psychoanalysis has been largely resistant to the integration of psychoanalysis with other empirical branches of knowledge (infant observation, psychotherapy research, psychological and neurobiological sciences), as well as clinical ones [primarily cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)]. Drawing from two decades of theoretical and empirical work on psychopathology, psychotherapy, and psychoanalysis, the author aims to show how a reformulation of object relations theory (RORT) using (neuro-)psychological science may enhance a clinical-psychoanalytic understanding and treatment of suicidal depression, which constitutes one of the most formidable health challenges of our time. Specifically, he rewrote the notion of Melanie Klein positions—primarily the depressive position—using extant knowledge of structure of emotions, the centrality of mental representations of the future (“prospection”) and the toxic nature of criticism-based emotions. This reformulation enables a dialog between clinical psychoanalysis and other therapeutic schools of thought and sheds light on the understanding and treatment of suicidal depression.

The role of Kazan therapists in the development of the direction of Botkin's scientific research and clinical practice in the first half of the twentieth century

The article highlights the formation of scientific therapeutic schools in Kazan using the comparative-historical method from the position of the modern concept of scientific school. Founded by the first of Botkin's student N.A. Vinogradov, the affiliate Botkin's scientific school initiated the creation of therapeutic schools at Kazan University in the first half of the XX century, originating in the second or third generation directly from S.P. Botkin. The activities of prominent Kazan therapists and their role in the formation of scientific schools are considered based on the approach of the social history of medicine the impact of the social changes in Russia in 1917 and the beginning of the Civil War. Having established a center for the development of the scientific heritage of the great Russian clinician in Kazan, the clinical schools of A.N. Kazem-Bek, S.S. Zimnitsky, M.N. Cheboksarov, and N.K. Goryaev played a huge role in the development of Botkins direction of domestic internal medicine.

On the 95th anniversary of the first description of right ventricular myocardial infarction

An analysis of the publication of the outstanding Russian therapist and cardiologist D.D. Pletnev (18711941) is given in the article. In 1925, he published an article On the issue of lifetime differential diagnosis of right and left coronary artery thrombosis in the journal Russian Clinics in Russian and German languages. Timely diagnosis of right myocardial infarction determines the prognosis and treatment tactics of this disease, and the case itself has a priority for the Russian science. The authors emphasize the outstanding talent of D.D. Pletnev as a physician and scientist, whose name is associated with the emergence of one of the most brilliant therapeutic schools (A.L. Myasnikov, E.I. Chazov, etc.).

Teaching mental health

As SATs approach, how can we teach children about their mental health and handling any pressure that they may be feeling? Continuing her therapeutic schools series, Shahana Knight discusses ways to incorporate teaching about mental health and wellbeing into the school week

EVGENY SERGEEVICH BOTKIN AND SERGEY SERGEEVICH BOTKIN AS REPRESENTATIVES OF THE SCIENTIFIC CLINICAL SCHOOL SERGEI PETROVICH BOTKIN

The article is devoted to medical activity of the sons of the outstanding Russian clinician and scientist Sergey Petrovich Botkin (1832-1889) — Evgeny Sergeevich Botkin (1865-1918) and Sergey Sergeevich Botkin (1859-1910). Sergey Petrovich Botkin is the founder of the first in Russia and one of the largest scientific therapeutic schools. Among the doctors who were trained in the clinic of the Military medical Academy in the years of work of Sergei Petrovich Botkin, were his sons, however, traditionally in the publications on the scientific clinical school of Sergei Petrovich Botkin, their names are not mentioned among his students. The authors made an attempt to trace the stages of the life of the sons of Sergei Petrovich Botkin, in particular, study and work in the Military medical Academy, scientific training abroad, medical activities in medical institutions of St. Petersburg and organization of medical care as part of the red cross during the Russian-Japanese war (1904-1905). The work of Yevgeny Botkin as a court physician of the family of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II is considered separately. The article reveals the influence of the person S.P. Botkin and his closest disciples on E.S. Botkin and S.S. Botkin, as well as the continuity of clinical views and research of S.P. Botkin and his sons. The authors emphasize the similarity of ethical principles of medical activity, which guided Sergey Petrovich Botkin and his sons. The materials presented in the article confirm that the sons of Sergey Petrovich Botkin — Evgeny Sergeevich Botkin and Sergey Sergeevich Botkin — belong to his scientific clinical school.

Effective Inpatient and Outpatient Models of Treatment for Adolescents With Substance Use Disorders

This chapter provides an overview of the physical, psychological, and brain development of the adolescent, establishing the need for treatment tailored to their unique developmental needs. It also defines the goals and phases of treatment, describes the continuum of care and contextualizes the body of effectiveness treatment research. The chapter reviews the evidence based literature on inpatient and outpatient settings including short-term detoxification, acute and long-term residential care, sober houses, therapeutic schools, day hospitals, intensive outpatient as well as outpatient approaches. Overall, studies indicate that treatment in youth has small to moderate effects. The chapter concludes with recommendations for what professionals and parents should look for in treatment programs for adolescent clients and discusses future research and policy recommendations.