scholarly journals The religious situation in Buryatia in the late 1980s and early 1990s

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Evgeny Viktorovich Drobotushenko ◽  
Yuliya Nikolaevna Lantsova ◽  
Galina Petrovna Kamneva ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Sotnikov ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Sotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
The State ◽  
General Situation ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Difficult Transition

Based on archival data the paper describes the religious situation in the Buryat ASSR, then the Buryat SSR and the Republic of Buryatia during the change of socio-political development of the national state in the late 1980s - early last decade of the XX century. The authors say that this problem has not received serious analysis in the framework of scientific publications. Therefore, the research was based on archival documents of the State Archive of the Russian Federation (SA RF) and the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia (SARB). The purpose of the study is to characterize the religious situation in the border area of the local territory in a difficult transition period of national history. The research methodology is based on the fundamental principles of historical science, the principles of historicism and objectivity, which allowed us to consider a rather complex component of the life of society - religion, without bias, in its historical development. The result of the study was the identification of features of religious processes in Buryatia during the period under review. The authors provide quantitative indicators for registered religious associations and religious buildings. The religious situation is assessed against the background of the General situation in the RSFSR (Russian Federation), with statistics for the Republic and the country. It is noted that the trends of religious processes in Buryatia, at the time under review, were similar to the national ones. This is a sharp surge in religiosity, against the background of the resolution of religious freedom, on the one hand, and, in the context of the socio-economic crisis, on the other. It is said that in Buryatia, in addition to traditional religious teachings for the region, new ones appeared, among which, there were the teachings of totalitarian sects. It describes the difficulties that arose in connection with the change in the attitude of the authorities to religions. It is noted that further work with sources is necessary, which will allow us to recreate the most complete picture of the religious situation in Buryatia during the difficult transition period of the late 1980s - early 1990s.

scholarly journals Volunteering in Preservation of Material Patrimony in Soviet Russia: Pages of History: Materials from the State Archive of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-204
Author(s):  
Natalya I. Gorlova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
First Time

The article draws on extensive sources discovered by the author in the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF) to reconstruct the history of volunteering in preservation of material patrimony of Russia in the 1960–1980s under the auspices of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments of History and Culture and to investigate forms and methods of public conservation activities. The relevance of the problem is connected to the development of national volunteer movement in preservation of historical and cultural monuments, which coincided with a rise in the scholars’ interest to volunteering in general. The author has identified archival documents, many of which are being introduced into scientific use for the first time. The article reviews the composition of archival documents in the GARF fond, substantiates the possibility of integrated approach to studying of documentary materials on the history of volunteering in conservation and restoration. Documents differ in their content and quite adequately cover the multifaceted activities, forms and methods of work of voluntary activists. The first group is associated with organizational and administrative documents. The second group includes sources of reporting documentation. Office correspondence is the third group of sources. The information potential of various types of documents has been investigated. The value of these materials for studying organization and substantive aspects of voluntary public participation in the conservation activities (restoration and conservation work, identifying, photographing, assessing the condition and usage of historical and architectural monuments, patronage work, inspection, etc.) differs greatly. The author has revealed the names of participants in restoration volunteer groups and associations. The article takes on a special meaning in the context of development and replication of public activities in the field of preservation of material patrimony, while taking into account the historical experience.

scholarly journals Organisation of production and release of products at the blended-mixture fabric plant “Bolshevik” in the town of Rodniki in 1942

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Dilovar S. Safolov ◽  
Vladimir S. Okolotin
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
General Situation ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Documented Information ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Everyday Problems ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town

In this article, using the example of Rodniki blended-mixture fabric plant “Bolshevik”, one of the largest enterprises of Ivanovo Region, the process of overcoming organisational, economic and social problems by the enterprise in the conditions of the Axis invasion in order to implement the resolutions of the State Defence Committee in the most difficult conditions of 1942 is considered. Considerable attention is paid to the organisation of production at the plant, actions to strengthen labour discipline, the participation of the enterprise's staff in the All-Union Socialist competition, personnel training, solving everyday problems, etc. The article provides statistical, quantitative and documented information. The general situation in the textile industry of Ivanovo Region during this period is considered. An analysis of the chronology of events related to the implementation of the resolutions of the State Defence Committee, the People's Commissariat of the Textile Industry, etc. is undertaken. The article is based on the materials of the State Archive of Ivanovo Region and the local periodical press. A significant part of archival documents has been introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

scholarly journals The Characteristucs of Buddhism in the Chita Region in the Early 1980s

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Е.В. Дроботушенко
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Autonomous District ◽  
Religious Services ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Region Information

В статье анализируется практически не изученная страница истории Читинской области (Восточное Забайкалье) — история буддизма в начале девятого десятилетия XX века. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении характерных черт и особенностей существования буддизма в Читинской области в рассматриваемое время. Автор отмечает, что на сегодняшний день отсутствуют какие-либо публикации по проблематике, что предопределило использование архивных источников — документов Государственного архива Российской Федерации. Это, главным образом, делопроизводственные документы, отчеты уполномоченных Совета по делам религий при Совете Министров СССР по Читинской области, информационные сообщения, переписки. На основе анализа различных источников делается вывод, что буддизм в Читинской области в начале 1980-х годов развивался, а в сравнении с иными религиозными учениями, развивался достаточно успешно. Основная масса верующих была сосредоточена на территории Агинского Бурятского автономного округа Читинской области. Действовал буддистский монастырь — Агинский дацан, который являлся единственной действующей культовой постройкой буддистов в Восточном Забайкалье. Активно велись постоянные службы, на праздничных службах (хуралах) присутствовали сотни верующих. Значительными были доходы Агинского дацана. Основные поступления шли от исполнения обрядов, однако немалыми были пожертвования верующих. Уполномоченный Совета по делам религий при Совете Министров СССР по Читинской области А. И. Бородин в документах пытался показать, что верующие — это в основном люди пожилого возраста, что автору статьи представляется не совсем верным. В среде священнослужителей Агинского дацана существовали противоречия, предопределенные субъективной составляющей. Очевидным видится необходимость продолжения работы по изучению истории буддизма в Восточном Забайкалье в советское время. The article analyzes a previously uninvestigated page of Chita history, namely the history of the spread of Buddhism in the Chita Region (East Zabaykalye) in the early 1980s. The aim of the research is to investigate the characteristics of Buddhism in the Chita Region, its spread and adaptation during the aforementioned period. The author underlines an appalling scarcity of published materials on the issue, which necessitated the use of documents of the State Archive of the Russian Federation. The corpus of analyzed archival documents is mainly constituted of official documents, reports issued by the representatives of the Council for Religious Affairs of the USSR in the Chita Region, information reports, and letters. The analysis of various sources enables the author to conclude that in the early 1980s Buddhism, unlike other religions, experienced little oppression. The majority of believers lived in the Agin-Buryat Autonomous District of the Chita Region. There was a Buddhist monastery, Aginsky Datsan, which was the only functioning Buddhist monastery in the East Zabaykalye. There were regular religious services (khurals) that were attended by hundreds of believers who donated quite large sums of money. Vast amounts of money were received as a compensation for ritual services. A. I. Borodin, a representative of the Council for Religious Affairs of the USSR in the Chita Region, attempted to show in his reports that believers were primarily elderly people, a statement the author of the article is rather skeptical of. Buddhist priests expressed some contradictory views on certain issues. The author of the article believes that it is necessary to continue investigating the history of Buddhism in East Zabaykalye during the Soviet era.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF DEPORTATION OF THE CHECHEN AND INGUSH PEOPLES TO THE KOKCHETAV REGION ACCORDING TO THE KAZAKHSTAN ARCHIVAL MATERIALS

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
G. Е. Mamaeva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
State Archive ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Cultural Structure

The current paper uses the sources of the State Archives of Kokshetau, the State Archive of Akmola region (Kokshetau) and the Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Almaty) to cover the history of the deportation of the Chechen and the Ingush peoples to Kazakhstan. These are mainly reports, notes, various correspondence, which contain information about the process of resettlement, the economic and domestic and labor arrangements of the socalled special settlers from the North Caucasus. The identified sources of archives give the author an opportunity to recreate the history of the resettlement and the economic accommodation of the special settlers – the Chechens and the Ingush – from the North Caucasus to the territory of the Kokchetau region in the Kazakh SSR. The information obtained has allowed the author to analyze the economic, socioeconomic, cultural structure of the special settlers and, thus, to consider the formation of the Chechen and the Ingush Diasporas on the territory of Kazakhstan. The author introduces a large number of previously unpublished archival materials into scientific use. The use of archival documents allowed the author to disclose various aspects of the issue under consideration.

scholarly journals Regional and local authorities’ activity in the field of nature protection in 1918-1950s (on materials of the archives of the Middle and Lower Volga region)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Ecaterina Dmitrievna Makeeva
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Central State ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Republic

The study of various aspects of interaction between society and nature at the present time is not only of interest to ecologists, but also for specialists in the field of Humanities, particularly historians. This article discusses the history of formation and development of a regional system of management of nature protection in the Middle and Lower Volga region. The author describes main issues related to the state forest Fund of the region in 1918-1950-s and the measures taken by the Executive committees of local Soviets at various levels to address their consequences. The main directions of environmental activities of local governments are considered: protection of forests against fire, theft and infestations of pests, the creation of protected areas, to combat poaching, the accomplishment and gardening of settlements. The sources for the preparation of the article were, basically, documents of regional archives of the Central state archive of Samara region, the State archive of Ulyanovsk region, the State archive of Penza region, the State archive of Saratov region, the National archives of the Republic of Tatarstan, Samara oblast state archive of socio-political history, as well as materials of local periodicals. A significant number of archival documents are for the first time introduced into scientific circulation, which is the scientific novelty of the research.

scholarly journals Archiving Development in Bashkiria in the 1920s: Pages of History

2020 ◽  
pp. 393-402
Author(s):  
Bayras V. Burangulov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
National Archive ◽  
The State ◽  
District Court ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Public Property ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Bashkir Assr ◽  
The Republic

The article examines problems of archival documents protection in the Bashkir ASSR in the first years of the Soviet power. History of the State Archival Service of Bashkiria goes back to August 11, 1919, when the Ufa Gubernia Division of the Glavarchive (Main Directorate for Archiving) was founded by resolution of the Collegium of the Glavarchive of the RSFSR. Alongside with the Ufa Gubernia Archive there was the Archive of the BASSR in Sterlitamak, capital of Small Bashkiria. It was established upon initiative of the Head of the Bashkir Revolutionary Committee A. Z. Validov on March 18, 1920. The article reviews the historiography of the issue. Its novelty is based on using unpublished sources from the fonds of the State Archive of the Russian Federation, National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan, and State Archive of the Orenburg Region (one of major and oldest regional archives), that are being thus introduced into scientific use. The article reviews main episodes, concerning documents protection: loss of archival materials in the days of the Civil War, first attempts of acquisition and archive fonds systematization. It focuces on issues of preservation of archival fonds of the Ufa Gubernia Government, Ufa District Court, Ufa Religious Consistory, Ufa Gendarmery Department, Orenburg Mohammedan Religious Assembly, Orenburg Education District, Ufa Directorate for Agriculture and Public Property, Ufa Gubernia Zemstvo, Ufa Land Use Commission. It also describes identification of the 1920s volost and country manorial archives of the Usergan, Burzyan-Tangaur, Tabyn, and Yurmaty cantons of Bashkiria. The article addresses the loss of archival documents due to events of the Civil War, absence of archival repositories, insufficient funding of archiving, and stealage. Nevertheless, the analysis of regional archive activities in the documents preservation sphere demonstrates that invaluable archival documentary heritage of Bashkiria has mostly survived, despite poor conditions of archival records storage.

Documents from the State Archive of the Orel Region as a Source for Studying Peasant Legal Sense in Early 20th Century

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
Vadim V. Kulachkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
The State ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Legal Sense

The article studies documents from the State Archive of the Orel Region (GAOO) as an important source for studying the sense of justice of the Oryol gubernia peasants in early 20th century. Introduction of new archival materials allows to flesh out our knowledge and to produce a true-to-life picture of the Oryol peasants’ way of life. The peasant origins of the majority of the population necessitate a comprehensive study of peasant legal consciousness. Historical legacy is pertinent to present day, and forgetting its lessons is fraught with consequences. Evolution of modern Russian statehood hedges on its historical and legal traditions. The article studies documents in the fonds of public authorities, police, gendarmerie, courts, and prosecution offices. Introduction of new materials of public authorities, police, gendarmerie, courts, and prosecution offices into the scholarship promotes the analysis of the evolution of peasant legal sense in early 20th century. The chronological framework of the article is limited to the period from 1900 to 1917, its territorial framework is limited to the Oryol gubernia in its pre-revolutionary borders. The article studies reports, dispatches, and circular letters using the comparative method. The intensification of peasant protest was incidental to the first Russian revolution of 1905-1907 – the peasants hoped to force the government to settle the agrarian question, wherein lay the crux of their interests. As peasants of the Oryol gubernia suffered from shortage of arable land, antimonarchical sentiments gained momentum and translated a growing number of trials for contempt of the Emperor. Illegal literature spreading among the peasants, further radicalized them, and the authorities grew more and more hesitant in their assessment of peasant loyalty, which is quite intelligible in the archival documents. Thus, the use of new archival documents in addition to published materials promotes the scholarship on the peasant legal sense.

Condition of the Armenian Apostolic Church at the Time of Coming to Authority N. S. Khrushchev

2020 ◽  
pp. 245-265
Author(s):  
Арсен Артурович Григорян
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Archive ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Apostolic Church

Цель данной статьи - описать условия, в которых Армянская Апостольская Церковь вступила в эпоху правления Н. С. Хрущёва, начавшуюся в 1953 г. По содержанию статью можно поделить на две части: в первой даются сведения о количестве приходов на территории Советского Союза и за его пределами, а также о составе армянского духовенства в СССР; во второй излагаются проблемы, существовавшие внутри Армянской Церкви, и рассматриваются их причины. Методы исследования - описание и анализ. Ценность исследования заключается в использовании ранее неопубликованных документов Государственного архива Российской Федерации и Национального архива Армении. По итогам изучения фактического материала выделяются основные проблемы Армянской Апостольской Церкви на 1953 г.: финансовый дефицит, конфликт армянских католикосатов и стремление враждующих СССР и США использовать церковь в своих политических целях. The purpose of this article is to describe the conditions in which the Armenian Apostolic Church entered the epoch of the reign of N. S. Khrushchev, which began in 1953. The article can be divided into two parts: first one gives information about the number of parishes in the territory of the Soviet Union and beyond, and about the structure of the Armenian clergy in the USSR; the second one sets out the problems that existed in the Armenian Church and discusses their causes. Research methods - description and analysis. The value of the study lies in the use of previously unpublished documents of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the National Archive of Armenia. Based on the results of studying the materials, the main problems of the Armenian Apostolic Church in 1953 are: financial deficit, the conflict of Armenian Catholicosates and the eagerness of USSR and the USA, that feuded with each other, to use the Сhurch for their political purposes.

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