scholarly journals Nudge in The Conditions of Digital Transformation: Behavioral Basis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-116
Author(s):  
Alexandr V. Shmakov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Irrational Behavior ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Digital transformation in most cases has a positive impact on the economy. However, there is a possibility of negative consequences that worsen the standard of life of the population. Society wants to avoid a decline in living standards. The state policy to minimize the risks of digitalization should be developed for these purposes. Digital transformation leads to the complication of the technological environment, to the deformation of social relations, to a change in decision-making processes. The complexity of the technogenic environment leads to increased cognitive distortions and irrational behavior. Living standards are declining as a result. Classical approaches to government regulation often do not take into account psychophysiological and sociocultural behavioral factors. As a result, the regulation does not have the expected effect. This is especially evident in situations of uncertainty and longtime intervals. Behavioral economics and nudge can help solve these problems. This article provides a systematization and description of the factors that determine behavior. Decision-making processes are characterized. A systematization and explanation of cognitive distortions is proposed. An overview of approaches to the use of nudges to prevent cognitive distortions is proposed. Cases of using nudges to reduce the risks of digitalization are presented.

Thinking styles, gender, and decision making in Latin American management

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Ilie ◽  
Guillermo Cardoza
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Purpose Many studies have analyzed how gender diversity and local culture condition the cognitive styles of managers and affect decision-making processes in organizations. Gender diversity has been defended from an equality perspective; it has been argued to improve decision-making processes and to have a positive impact on companies’ return on investment. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differences between the thinking styles of men and women, in Latin America and the USA that support decision-making processes. An argument is given in favor of gender diversity in management teams, because of its positive implications in decision making. Design/methodology/approach The measurement instrument used was the Neethling Brain Instrument, developed based on recent neuroscience discovery. The sample comprised 1,216 executives from the USA and several countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, who have participated in executive training programs. Findings The results show differences in thinking styles by gender, but no differences were found in thinking styles or decision making between men and women at the same managerial level in either of the two regions. Similarly, results suggest that executives in the USA tend to base their management models on strategic thinking styles that focus on interpersonal relations and involve risk taking, while executives in Latin American countries tend to prefer thinking and management styles focusing on data analysis, execution, planning, and process control. Originality/value The results of the present study show that, in all regions, men score higher in rational thinking styles associated with the cortical areas, while women gravitate toward thinking styles where emotional schemes prevail, related to subcortical areas. These results could be useful for organizational leaders in charge of allocating roles and tasks to people, based on their thinking style strengths. The results can also be very valuable for Latin American organizations to design specific training and development programs for men and women accordingly with their individual needs and their managerial roles. They can also support the argument that diverse gender teams will guarantee complete decision-making processes.

scholarly journals Społeczeństwo i kultura jako definicyjny kontekst badań nad wpływem technologii na ponowoczesnego człowieka

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Paweł Piotr Nowak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Philosophy Of Dialogue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Based on an analysis of selected definitions of the terms used for society and culture, the author creates the sociological theoretical framework for the article. In conjunction with the characterized phenomenon of digital transformation, extensive and far-reaching conclusions are formulated on the impact of new technology for postmodernity. In relation to the scientific achievements of Buber and Tischner, the author deeply analyzes the assumptions of philosophy of dialogue. This allows the observation of a wide dimension in the relationship between the relational nature of social relations, the condition of the individual, the durability of the systems humans create, the technocratic direction of civilizational development and the consumerist attitude to reality in contemporary society of the 21st century. The author describes technological worship and presents the negative consequences of digital transformation processes. On the example of the service sector, the transition is presented as symbolic culture based on the relations and dialogue with technical and functional culture. The research method used in the article is a review of the scientific literature. In the study, the author set the goal of determining the impact of digital transformation on humans in the context of the definition of culture and society. As a result of the research, the author states that technological insight (i.e. looking at technology as a way of resolving all contemporary problems) has the danger of successively weakening man, and could lead to a deepening of social inequalities. The author also emphasizes the need to deepen research on the consequences of the digital transformation on society and culture and to develop models that can reduce the negative consequences of the change process.

scholarly journals Sex Offenders' Relationship Frames (SORF): A Qualitative Analysis of Value-laden Cognition in Child Sex Offenders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Shruti Navathe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
And Function

<p>Over the past decades, sex offenders' cognition, specifically their cognitive distortions, have been the focus of extensive research. Traditionally, cognitive distortions have been described as any statements provided by the offender that justify, minimise, or excuse offending (Abel, et al., 1984). Recent research highlighted a need to expand current understanding of cognitive distortions with regards to value, affect and function. The Judgement Model of Cognitive Distortions (Ward, Gannon and Keown, 2006) argued for greater examination of beliefs, values, actions, and their interaction with each other. The current study examined the role played by values within the context of sex offenders' reasoning and decision-making processes. It also sought to understand the ways in which offenders' accounted for their offending, whether it was irrational, and if so, in what way. The research was qualitative, and used interviews gained from a sample of 27 adult, male, treated, child sexual offenders from within New Zealand. Grounded theory methodology (Strauss and Corbin, 1998) was used to create a data-driven model of offenders' reasoning and decision-making, within the context of offending. Results indicated that values were an important part of the offenders' cognition, central to their sense of self, and critical to their perception of the world around them. Values were closely related to how offenders framed their relationship with their victims. Based on the clustering of values, the Sexual Offender Relationship Frames Model (SORF) emerged. This was used to understand and illustrate different pathways to offending using case-studies from the sample. The results have been evaluated within the context of existing literature on the study of sexual offending. Clinical implications, limitations, and practical applications are discussed.</p>

scholarly journals A Cross-National Analysis of Parent Involvement in Decision-Making: Germany, France and Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11a) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Gürkan Gülcan ◽  
Ali Duran
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
International Student ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Parents Involvement ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Being a cross-national analysis, the aim of this study, which draws on data from school principals, is to evaluate parents’ involvement in decision-making processes comparatively in Turkey, Germany and France, which are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and were included in the study in terms of some variables, such as data in Human Development Index (HDI) report 2016 and results of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2015 reading skills, math and science literacy results’ based on demographic, socio-economic, socio-cultural variables as well as achievements in education, population trends and parents’ involvement in education. Phenomonology research design from qualitative research methods was used in this study. Data analyses relied on content analysis technique. School administrators from Turkey, Germany and France were included through criteria sampling method from purposeful sampling methods. Interview technique was employed in order to collect data through a semi-structured interview form. The findings of the study highlighted that all participants agree on the positive impact of parents’ involvement in decision-making but there are some ambiguity how and what level parents must involve in decision-making processes. Some recommendations are made on how to improve involvement in decision-making process.

Teachers' Decision-Making Process

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-100
Author(s):  
Britt Tatman Ferguson ◽  
Suzanne Evans ◽  
Nilsa J. Thorsos
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Individual

This chapter examines teachers' decision-making processes of selecting and implementing inclusive literature, especially in relation to children with disabilities, in their teaching practices. Inclusive literature celebrates diversity helping the individual see himself as well as others. Inclusive literature educates everybody about everyone, and books can help reduce prejudice. Diversity in literature impacts how children view disability and allows them to understand society. Realistic portrayals of a character with a disability can have positive impact on attitudes of students without disabilities towards peers with disabilities. The chapter will address effective strategies for selecting relevant and appropriate stories and books. In addition, the chapter will address effective strategies for using inclusive literature.

Unspoken ambivalence in kinship obligation in living donation

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin M. E. Halverson ◽  
Megan Crowley-Matoka ◽  
Lainie Friedman Ross
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Living Donation ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Biological Compatibility ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Background: Traditionally, living kidney donors were first-degree relatives due to both greater biological compatibility and concerns about extrafamilial motivation. Because familial relationships often entail distinctive experiences of moral obligation, health-care providers must be attentive to potential undue influences on intrafamilial donor decision-making processes to ensure that decisions are voluntary. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 individuals who donated kidneys to first-degree relatives and subsequently developed end-stage renal disease themselves. Findings: We analyze the different influences kinship obligations had on participants’ decision-making processes. Although participants described their decision to donate as obvious, an appropriate kin response, and free from external pressure, they indirectly expressed some ambivalence—both by their description of the rapidity of the process and in their concern about exposing an intimate to the risks of living donation. Discussion: Our data uncovered an asymmetry. Although our participants claimed that they would donate again, none received a living donor kidney. Our data also highlight the moral significance of the interdependence of donor and recipient in intrafamilial kidney donation and its impact on the range of voluntary choices as perceived by the donor. Their decision-making must be understood as embedded within a network of intimate social relations.

scholarly journals Cultural Differences in a Restaurant’s Communication with Unsatisfied Customers – The Case of Tripadvisor

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-493
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Żbikowska
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Customer Complaints ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Restaurant Managers ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Negative Comments ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Abstract Research background: Platforms such as TripAdvisor have the potential to influence consumers’ decision-making processes, so negative user-generated reviews could have a harmful impact on a company’s reputation and sales. However, the proper mangers’ approach to customer complaints expressed on social media can have a positive impact on the companies’ performance. Purpose: The aim of the study is to indicate whether restaurant managers use TripAdvisor to communicate with dissatisfied customers and whether national culture influences this communication. Research methodology: The methods used in the research were both a quantitative and qualitative content analyses of restaurants’ responses to negative reviews posted on TripAdvisor. The research covered a random sample of restaurants located in Cracow (Poland), Frankfurt (Germany) and Porto (Portugal), and listed on TripAdvisor. Results: The research showed that differences in communication, which may result from dissimilar cultural conditions, are relatively small. Novelty: The research shows whether and to what extent restaurant managers respond to negative comments posted on TripAdvisor. At the same time, research results indicate whether the responses of managers are culturally determined.

scholarly journals Social Aspects of the Consequences of Artificial Intelligence Decision Making in a Digital Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-108
Author(s):  
Sergey Neizvestny
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Training System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The Impact

In recent decades, almost all areas of human activity are undergoing rapid digitalization and the introduction of artificial intelligence, which fundamentally affect social relations within society. In addition to the obvious benefits of using human-like intelligence in the modern digital world, there may also be negative consequences associated, first of all, with the processes of making important, large-scale management decisions by the cyber-management of a digital society. The problem of the impact on social security of decision-making by artificial intelligence in a digital society has not been sufficiently studied. The article considers the main social aspects of the problems related to the consequences of artificial intelligence making decisions. The main focus is the impact of decisions made by cyber managers on the social stability of a digital society. Some features of the emerging social relations “human – artificial intelligence”, “Manager – Cyber-manager” are considered. Based on analyzing the impact of the consequences of decision-making by artificial intelligence on social relations, a number of changes in the training system for digitalization processes are proposed, and requirements for the competence of specialists in developing and operating human-like intelligence are formulated. Based on the practical requirements of the modern IT sphere, the author has developed and introduced into the educational process a number of cycles of interdisciplinary lectures and practical seminars for future IT specialists in a digital society. A number of solutions to pedagogical problems related to the development of the analytical and creative abilities of future specialists, of architects and developers of cyber-systems and of managerial decision-making are proposed.

scholarly journals Sex Offenders' Relationship Frames (SORF): A Qualitative Analysis of Value-laden Cognition in Child Sex Offenders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Shruti Navathe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
And Function

<p>Over the past decades, sex offenders' cognition, specifically their cognitive distortions, have been the focus of extensive research. Traditionally, cognitive distortions have been described as any statements provided by the offender that justify, minimise, or excuse offending (Abel, et al., 1984). Recent research highlighted a need to expand current understanding of cognitive distortions with regards to value, affect and function. The Judgement Model of Cognitive Distortions (Ward, Gannon and Keown, 2006) argued for greater examination of beliefs, values, actions, and their interaction with each other. The current study examined the role played by values within the context of sex offenders' reasoning and decision-making processes. It also sought to understand the ways in which offenders' accounted for their offending, whether it was irrational, and if so, in what way. The research was qualitative, and used interviews gained from a sample of 27 adult, male, treated, child sexual offenders from within New Zealand. Grounded theory methodology (Strauss and Corbin, 1998) was used to create a data-driven model of offenders' reasoning and decision-making, within the context of offending. Results indicated that values were an important part of the offenders' cognition, central to their sense of self, and critical to their perception of the world around them. Values were closely related to how offenders framed their relationship with their victims. Based on the clustering of values, the Sexual Offender Relationship Frames Model (SORF) emerged. This was used to understand and illustrate different pathways to offending using case-studies from the sample. The results have been evaluated within the context of existing literature on the study of sexual offending. Clinical implications, limitations, and practical applications are discussed.</p>

Cognitive Processing of Miscommunication in Interactive Listening: An Evaluation of Listener Indecision and Cognitive Effort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Roche ◽  
Arkady Zgonnikov ◽  
Laura M. Morett
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Mouse Tracking ◽  
Computer Mouse ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Computer Mouse Tracking ◽  
Listening Task ◽  
Processing Effort

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the social and cognitive underpinnings of miscommunication during an interactive listening task. Method An eye and computer mouse–tracking visual-world paradigm was used to investigate how a listener's cognitive effort (local and global) and decision-making processes were affected by a speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication. Results Experiments 1 and 2 found that an environmental cue that made a miscommunication more or less salient impacted listener language processing effort (eye-tracking). Experiment 2 also indicated that listeners may develop different processing heuristics dependent upon the speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication, exerting a significant impact on cognition and decision making. We also found that perspective-taking effort and decision-making complexity metrics (computer mouse tracking) predict language processing effort, indicating that instances of miscommunication produced cognitive consequences of indecision, thinking, and cognitive pull. Conclusion Together, these results indicate that listeners behave both reciprocally and adaptively when miscommunications occur, but the way they respond is largely dependent upon the type of ambiguity and how often it is produced by the speaker.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document