scholarly journals Społeczeństwo i kultura jako definicyjny kontekst badań nad wpływem technologii na ponowoczesnego człowieka

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Paweł Piotr Nowak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Philosophy Of Dialogue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Based on an analysis of selected definitions of the terms used for society and culture, the author creates the sociological theoretical framework for the article. In conjunction with the characterized phenomenon of digital transformation, extensive and far-reaching conclusions are formulated on the impact of new technology for postmodernity. In relation to the scientific achievements of Buber and Tischner, the author deeply analyzes the assumptions of philosophy of dialogue. This allows the observation of a wide dimension in the relationship between the relational nature of social relations, the condition of the individual, the durability of the systems humans create, the technocratic direction of civilizational development and the consumerist attitude to reality in contemporary society of the 21st century. The author describes technological worship and presents the negative consequences of digital transformation processes. On the example of the service sector, the transition is presented as symbolic culture based on the relations and dialogue with technical and functional culture. The research method used in the article is a review of the scientific literature. In the study, the author set the goal of determining the impact of digital transformation on humans in the context of the definition of culture and society. As a result of the research, the author states that technological insight (i.e. looking at technology as a way of resolving all contemporary problems) has the danger of successively weakening man, and could lead to a deepening of social inequalities. The author also emphasizes the need to deepen research on the consequences of the digital transformation on society and culture and to develop models that can reduce the negative consequences of the change process.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Inequalities: Individual and Area Socioeconomic Factors (Aragón, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6607
Author(s):  
Isabel Aguilar-Palacio ◽  
Lina Maldonado ◽  
Sara Malo ◽  
Raquel Sánchez-Recio ◽  
Iván Marcos-Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Deprivation Level ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave

It is essential to understand the impact of social inequalities on the risk of COVID-19 infection in order to mitigate the social consequences of the pandemic. With this aim, the objective of our study was to analyze the effect of socioeconomic inequalities, both at the individual and area of residence levels, on the probability of COVID-19 confirmed infection, and its variations across three pandemic waves. We conducted a retrospective cohort study and included data from all individuals tested for COVID-19 during the three waves of the pandemic, from March to December 2020 (357,989 individuals) in Aragón (Spain). We studied the effect of inequalities on the risk of having a COVID-19 confirmed diagnosis after being tested using multilevel analyses with two levels of aggregation: individuals and basic healthcare area of residence (deprivation level and type of zone). Inequalities in the risk of COVID-19 confirmed infection were observed at both the individual and area level. There was a predominance of low-paid employees living in deprived areas. Workers with low salaries, unemployed and people on minimum integration income or who no longer receive the unemployment allowance, had a higher probability of COVID-19 infection than workers with salaries ≥ €18,000 per year. Inequalities were greater in women and in the second wave. The deprivation level of areas of residence influenced the risk of COVID-19 infection, especially in the second wave. It is necessary to develop individual and area coordinated measures by areas in the control, diagnosis and treatment of the epidemic, in order to avoid an increase in the already existing inequalities.

Risks of the Digitalization of Life of the Population and Ways of Decreasing Them

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4-1) ◽  
pp. 180-203
Author(s):  
Elena Stukalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Digital technologies, ubiquitous in our daily life, have radically changed the way we work, communicate, and consume in a short period of time. They affect all components of quality of life: well-being, work, health, education, social connections, environmental quality, the ability to participate and govern civil society, and so on. Digital transformation creates both opportunities and serious risks to the well-being of people. Researchers and statistical agencies around the world are facing a major challenge to develop new tools to analyze the impact of digital transformation on the well-being of the population. The risks are very diverse in nature and it is very difficult to identify the key factor. All researchers conclude that secure digital technologies significantly improve the lives of those who have the skills to use them and pose a serious risk of inequality for society, as they introduce a digital divide between those who have the skills to use them and those who do not. In the article, the author examines the risks created by digital technologies for some components of the quality of life (digital component of the quality of life), which are six main components: the digital quality of the population, providing the population with digital benefits, the labor market in the digital economy, the impact of digitalization on the social sphere, state electronic services for the population and the security of information activities. The study was carried out on the basis of the available statistical base and the results of research by scientists from different countries of the world. The risks of the digital economy cannot be ignored when pursuing state social policy. Attention is paid to government regulation aimed at reducing the negative consequences of digitalization through the prism of national, federal projects and other events.

MOBILE APPLICATION REMOVES SOCIETAL BARRIERS TO P4 MEDICINE

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
J.-P. Michel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Global Evaluation ◽  
P4 Medicine ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The overlap between one innovative paradigm (P4 medicine: predictive, personalized, participatory and preventive) and another (a new definition of “Healthy ageing”) is fertile ground for new technologies; a new mobile application (app) that could broaden our scientific knowledge of the ageing process and help us to better analyse the impact of possible interventions in slowing the ageing decline. A novel mobile application is here presented as a game including questions and tests will allow in 10 minutes the assessment of the following domains: robustness, flexibility (lower muscle strength), balance, mental and memory complaints, semantic memory and visual retention. This game is completed by specific measurements, which could allow establishing precise information on functional and cognitive abilities. A global evaluation precedes advice and different types of exercises. The repetition of the tests and measures will allow a long follow up of the individual performances which could be shared (on specific request) with family members and general practitioners.

scholarly journals Failure to collectively assess security surveillance technologies will inevitably lead to an absolute surveillance society.

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Mitchener-Nissen
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Security Technology ◽  
Security Technologies ◽  
Small Rise ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
Surveillance Society ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Security Surveillance ◽  
The Impact

When assessing any security technology which impacts upon privacy, whether this constitutes a new technology or the novel application of existing technologies, we should do so by examining the combined effect of all security interventions currently employed within a society. This contrasts with the prevailing system whereby the impact of a new security technology is predominantly assessed on an individual basis by a subjective balancing of the security benefits of that technology against any reductions in concomitant rights, such as privacy and liberty. I contend that by continuing to focus on the individual effect, as opposed to the combined effects, of security technologies within a society the likelihood of sleep-walking into (or indeed waking-up in) an absolute surveillance society moves from a possible future to the logically inevitable future. This conclusion is based on two underlying assertions. Firstly that assessing a technology often entails a judgement of whether any loss in privacy is legitimised by a justifiable increase in security; however one fundamental difference between these two rights is that privacy is a finite resource with identifiable end-states (i.e. absolute privacy through to the absolute absence of privacy) whereas security does not have two finite end-states (while there exists the absolute absence of security, absolute security is an unobtainable yet desired goal). The second assertion, which relies upon the validity of the first, holds that one consequence of absolute security being unobtainable yet desirable is that new security interventions will continuously be developed, each potentially trading a small measure of privacy for a small rise in security. Examined individually each intervention may constitute a justifiable trade-off. However this approach of combining interventions in the search for ever greater security will ultimately reduce privacy to zero.

The specificity of the digital transformation of the public sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Śledziewska ◽  
Renata Włoch
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Main Part ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

In this article we focus on identifying the specificity of digital transformation within the public sector. The aim of the article is to present the main mechanisms resulting from the introduction of digital innovations that have changed the functioning of the public sector. Starting from a discussion on the technological requirements of digital transformation, we briefly characterise the use of computers and the Internet in public administration, resulting in the development of e-services and administration. The main part of the article is devoted to discussing the specificity of the implementation of the new digital technologies in public administration, focusing mainly on artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies. Our thesis is that the impact of innovative digital technologies on the operation standards and structure of public administration should be analysed through the prism of interrelated mechanisms of datafication and platformisation, characteristic for the digital economy. The adopted methodology, which is based on an analysis of the subject literature and an analysis of new technology implementations in public administration in EU countries, indicates the pilot, random and non-transformational nature of these implementations, partly due to the lack of well-established methodologies to study and assess the maturity of digital transformation within the public sector.

scholarly journals Investigating “circular business models” in the manufacturing and service sectors

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 590-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Upadhyay ◽  
Shaheda Akter ◽  
Lindsay Adams ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Nikhil Varma
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of the different circular business models (CBMs) in the manufacturing and service sector and apply this in the context of the food industry (FI), through a systematic literature review of related published journals and articles. The research study is designed to illustrate the impact of CBMs in the manufacturing and service sectors through a combination of real-life examples and direct references to existing literature.Design/methodology/approachThe underlying research study follows a systematic literature review approach where the relevant CBMs are explored in the context of the manufacturing and service sector (FI.) The journals most cited in the context of CBMs and their implication in the manufacturing and service sector were chosen for this study. There was no fixed timeframe applied to complete the research. A total of 54 articles were selected which referenced: discussion in the context of the concept of CBMs; different types of CBM; definition of the manufacturing sector; definition of the service sector (FI); application of different CBMs in these two sectors; and included a comparison of the application of CBMs. In total, 40 of the 54 articles were shortlisted for best relevance and used in the research study.FindingsThe underlying research study was limited to 40 articles and the data contained within them. The article search was limited to the keywords of the CBM; the implication of CBM; the CBM in manufacturing (textiles); circular business in service (FI); and comparison and application of the CBM.Practical implicationsThe final analysis demonstrates that circular business promotes sustainability by allowing companies to generate maximum return from given resources and reach zero waste targets. Greater customer satisfaction is also achieved through service innovation that cuts down negative impact on the environment. These findings are relevant and applicable to the FI.Originality/valueA review of existing literature showed that whilst there is significant research on the implications of the CBM in general, there has been little focus on the use of different CBMs specifically in the manufacturing and service industry (FI). This research study is designed to tease out the specific benefits of CBMs in this context, highlighting the contribution they can make to efficiency in both the manufacturing and service sectors (FI) through useful comparison.

Interleukin-10(IL-10)1082-A and Tumor Necrosis Factor(TNF)-Alpha 238/308A Genotypes Are Associated with Earlier (Younger Than 55) Onset of Multiple Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4869-4869
Author(s):  
Meral Beksac ◽  
Merih Kizil ◽  
Ender A. Soydan ◽  
Esin Serbest ◽  
Klara Dalva
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Promoter Gene ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Secretory Pattern

Abstract The individual differences among the polymorphic regions of the cytokine genes involved in the pathogenesis of myeloma have been investigated by various groups: Neben et al have found the TNF238 A allel to be associated with a higher serum level of TNF-alpha and with better response to Thalidomide. The IL 10-1082 G promoter gene genotype have been found to be associated with high secretory pattern and in increased frequency among myeloma patients compared to normal controls by Zheng et al. Van Ness et al have reported the IL-10-G genotype to be associated with shorter survival compared to IL-10-A allele carriers None of these groups have analyzed the impact of these genotypes on age of onset. With an aim to analyze the association between the frequencies of the cytokines known to be important in the pathogenesis of Myeloma, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and the age of diagnosis, we have isolated DNA from peripheral blood of 59 patients. Patients with a median age of 56(28–83)M/F:35/24 diagnosed and treated in our center between 2002–2004 were analyzed. To determine the TNF 238 and 308(G/A), IL-6 174(G/C), IL-10 1082(G/A),819(T/C) and 592(A/C) bp polymorphic allele frequencies Cytokine Genotyping Kit (Pel-Freeze) and/or Cytgen (OneLambda) Genotyping Trays have been used. Evaluation of results were done as described in the worksheets. Interpretation and definition of phenotypes(low and high secretory patterns) were based on the previously published reports. 30 patients(50,8%) were younger than 56 (median=the cutoff:56). TNF-A homozygous alelle couldnot be observed among all patients. The frequencies of all alleles were: TNF-alfa308A, TNF-alfa238A, IL-10 1082 G 20%, 20%, 12% respectively. IL-6 -GG/GC alleles which have been linked with high secretory pattern constituted the majority of the patients(58/59). When TNFalfa-A were detected based on the 238 bp reactivity the association of low phenotype with elder age was remarkable(p=0.019). This finding wasnot valid for the 308 bp location. IL-10 phenotypes were more complicated with an accumulation in the intermediate level of secretion. The impact of TNF was varified with the separate evaluation of this group, based on their TNF-238/308 genotype, p=0.031). Conclusion: There is a trend towards younger age of onset in Myeloma. Genetic factors for susceptibility have not been defined yet. The new tools for detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms have a promising role in this field. In our prospective study we have found a predominance of low IL-10 secretory A genotype and the high secretory TNF-A genotype among patients younger than 56. To our knowledge this is the first report on such an association. Investigation of other genes in linkeage with TNF on the neighboring MHC region may be necessary for understanding myeloma pathogenesis. Age TNF 238 H/L TNF 308 H/L TNF 238,308 H/L IL-10 H/I/L IL-10 I,TNF H(238 or 308)/ IL-10 I,TNF L(238 or308) L:Low, H: High,I:Intermediate secretory, TNF238A:H, TNF238G:L, TNF308A:H, TNF308G:L, IL-10G: H ≤55 5 / 7 6 / 24 7 / 5 1 /16 / 13 5 / 2 >55 1 / 16 6 / 23 4 / 13 6 /13 / 8 1 / 6 N=29, p=0.019 N=59, p=0.948 N=29, p=0.057 N=57, p=0.085 N=14, p=0.031

scholarly journals Nudge in The Conditions of Digital Transformation: Behavioral Basis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-116
Author(s):  
Alexandr V. Shmakov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Irrational Behavior ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Digital transformation in most cases has a positive impact on the economy. However, there is a possibility of negative consequences that worsen the standard of life of the population. Society wants to avoid a decline in living standards. The state policy to minimize the risks of digitalization should be developed for these purposes. Digital transformation leads to the complication of the technological environment, to the deformation of social relations, to a change in decision-making processes. The complexity of the technogenic environment leads to increased cognitive distortions and irrational behavior. Living standards are declining as a result. Classical approaches to government regulation often do not take into account psychophysiological and sociocultural behavioral factors. As a result, the regulation does not have the expected effect. This is especially evident in situations of uncertainty and longtime intervals. Behavioral economics and nudge can help solve these problems. This article provides a systematization and description of the factors that determine behavior. Decision-making processes are characterized. A systematization and explanation of cognitive distortions is proposed. An overview of approaches to the use of nudges to prevent cognitive distortions is proposed. Cases of using nudges to reduce the risks of digitalization are presented.

scholarly journals Features of urban public spaces in the context of globalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-246
Author(s):  
K. L. Khomyakova
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Public Space ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with characteristics of urban public spaces, their role in the global transformation of the social relations system is determined. The ambiguity of assessing the impact of globalization on modern cities is due to the theoretical and methodological problems of modern sociological urbanism. There is no single approach among scientists to defining the concept of urban public space, which determines the relevance of the study of its interpretation and definition of essential properties. Public spaces are considered as a connecting element between the system and social levels of urban research, which correspond to the levels of integration identified by the modern sociologist E. Giddens. The article analyzes classical and modern approaches to the study of public space, there is reveals the course of evolution of sociological thought in relation to the formation of differentiation of types of spaces within cities. Based on the analysis of the works of modern sociologists and urbanists, such key features of public spaces as openness, socio-political neutrality, and symbolism were identified. Global processes and contradictions lead to an aggravation of the problem of the presence of the category of “Others” within public urban spaces, which are representatives of various segments of the population, with a variety of claims and interests. One of the consequences of the intensive development of digital technologies is a possible situation of “competition for the citizen” between traditional public spaces and online services. Assumptions are made about future transformations of social relations within public spaces as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic.

scholarly journals Identifying causes and potential consequences of financial fraud

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Tetiana Kizyma ◽  
Andrii Kizyma
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Financial Fraud ◽  
Fraud Triangle ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The article claims that due to the rapid growth of financial relations, advancement of globalization processes, the impact of IT and the Internet on financial performance, the number of economic crimes in Ukraine has increased recently, especially financial fraud offences. The authors provide evidence that fraudulent schemes have targeted not only public and private finance, but all social relations. Purpose. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to address financial fraud as a global threat and identify its causes and potential consequences. Methods. For addressing the causes and effects of financial fraud, the following general research methods are used: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstraction and grouping. Results. It should be noted that the problem of financial fraud has not received sufficient attention in domestic research literature and practice. The paper presents the leading causes of financial fraud, which include economic, moral and psychological causes as well as regulatory, infrastructural and organizational ones. Financial fraud has a negative impact on the national economy and the welfare of citizens, and therefore leads to the multimillion losses. In order to identify consequences of financial fraud, a combination two types of evaluating such consequences is suggested: quantitative (involves the calculation of pecuniary damage, economic losses and lost economic profit due to fraud offences, and qualitative (logically explains circumstances of financial fraud, risks of losing corporate reputation, image and investment attractiveness). There are three major reasons why financial fraud occurs, which constitute the so-called fraud triangle: the opportunity to commit fraud; the pressure on the individual or the motivation behind the crime; the ability to rationalize the fraud. Therefore, the most important tasks for state bodies, economic entities and individuals include neutralizing the factors which lead to financial fraud and exercising effective control over the prevention of fraud offences in social and economic areas in general, and in financial area in particular. Discussion. Further studies should focus on a comprehensive analysis of the most common types of financial fraud, which take place in Ukraine. The authors argue that this will lead to establishing a set of policies aimed at reducing this negative phenomenon.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document