scholarly journals Wellbeing of Russian Professionals: Dynamics and Specificity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 040-058
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Slobodenyuk ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
High Position ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Major Factors

The paper is devoted to the issue of Russian professionals' life changes in the 2010s and the role of human capital in these processes. Life changes are analyzed by identifying mobility cases within three social stratifications by income, presence of signs of privilege or deprivation, and subjectively perceived position in society. For these purposes, we use panel data of RLMS HSE research for 2014-2018 yy. Trajectories of mobility are revealed by using of «Group based trajectory modeling» method. The results show that life stability dominates over mobility. Professionals still have risks of chronic poverty and chronic deprivation, although these risks are rare for them. They also have chances of objectively measuring sustainable well-being by income and privilege criteria. However, even those who have stayed rich and privileged over the years do not feel that they occupy the highest positions in social structure. It is shown that human capital plays a high role in life chances on sustainable privilege and a high-income level. An obstacle on the path to wealth is the dependency burden. The highest risks of poverty characterize young and middle-aged professionals, while professionals who reach retirement age have the highest chances to be rich. Thus, it is a good strategy to continue labor activity in retirement age. It was revealed that parental education significantly increases chances to achieve privilege position in Russian society. These odds are heavily influenced by composite rents. It is also shown that one of the major factors that create unequal chances of gaining high position in society (both in terms of income and privilege) is settlement inequalities. Despite a quite prosperous life dynamics measured by objective indicators, every third professional feels chronically poor or felt a sharp impoverishment during these years. These subjective assessments are weakly correlated with the quality of human capital and observed in all age categories. We associate this phenomenon with two factors: 1) "negative stabilization" in the 2010s and 2) with the fact that chances for objective well-being are confined mainly to the structural factor of settlement inequality. The position of professionals is often contradictory. The groups of privileged and wealthy professionals have little overlap in composition. In modern Russia, wealth does not imply a privileged position in society and vice versa. The same is true for poverty and deprivation. Absolute well-being, i.e., stable occupation of the highest positions in all three structural positions, is practically unavailable to Russian professionals.

scholarly journals Impact of human capital on sustainable development of Russia in digitalization environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 11038
Author(s):  
Victor Medennikov ◽  
Tatiana Kokuytseva ◽  
Oksana Ovchinnikova ◽  
Alexey Shimansky
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

Studies of human capital at the present stage of human development are extremely relevant, since at present human capital is steadily transforming from a factor of economic development into a target for its sustainable development. The paper proposes the basic tool i.e. a new mathematical model for assessing the impact of human capital on social well-being and development of Russian society. It uses the interdependencies among the criteria of human capital and general development. The tool proposed in paper will be powerful for improving and increasing the quality of human capital, improving the social welfare of society, bringing the most effective innovative solutions to the economy. The Human Capital can be assessed in particular by publications, proceedings, and other types of knowledge representation on the websites. And also all this materials can be automatically placed in other databases, including in Elibrary which can also be a parameter of a model. The assessments of the impact of human capital on social well-being and the development of regions and countries can be obtained automatically on-line.

scholarly journals Civil and Political Participation in the Conditions of Forming a Request for Change (on the Example Protest Actions Against Raising the Retirement Age)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Roman V. Petuhov
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Retirement Benefit ◽  
State Pension

The article analyzes the reasons why public discontent with pension reform did not grow into a mass political protest. Based on the results of public opinion polls, the author shows that dissatisfaction with the increase in the retirement age was truly widespread and had a significant impact on the social well-being of Russians, as well as their level of confidence in the main government and public-political institutions. However, irritation and disappointment of the population with the activities of the authorities did not escalate into mass political protest and were situational in nature. The main reasons for this are, first, the decline in the proportion of paternalistically oriented population, for whom state pension is relevant, and second, the lack of experience of social, civic and political participation among population groups interested in maintaining the old retirement benefit plan, and, third, the lack of interest of the active part of Russian society, first of all, of the urban middle class, in mainstreaming protest actions. Transformation of public discontent into mass political action, in the opinion of the author of the article, is possible only if an actor appears who is able to rise above the interests of certain social groups, and act as spokesman for the interests of society as a whole.

scholarly journals SOCIAL WELL-BEING OF THE POPULATION AS INDICATOR OF SECURITY AND TRUST IN THE ALTAI TERRITORY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Maria I. Cherepanova ◽  
Anastasiya A. Gorbunova ◽  
Syldysmaa A. Saryglar
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Regional Authorities

The relevance of scientific understanding of security in the context of a crisis of generalized trust in Russian society is justified by the search for significant indicators of its interdependence. The scientific discourse of the study of subjective assessments of social well-being allows us to predict the dynamics of these phenomena. The purpose of this article is to identify the optimal socio-economic context, as well as the effectiveness of the regional authorities, which are a necessary condition for optimizing the social well-being of citizens, as one of the basic components of the stability of the region's functioning. The analysis of the basic components of the social well-being of the population of the Altai territory in the context of the analysis of generalized trust in the basic social institutions of the region is presented. On the basis of structural-functional and neo-evolutionist approaches, the role of trust as a basic construct of the social order of functioning of the regional community is revealed. Conclusions are made that the set of assessments of the cognitive and emotional level of sensations indicates that most of the inhabitants of the region have a low estimate of the potential of social institutions responsible for the safety of life in the region.

Issues of non-standard employment: social and hygienic aspects

2020 ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
S. A. Druzhilov
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Labor Safety ◽  
Typical Model

Drastic transformations of the social and labor sphere have led to the emergence of new health risks and sanitary and hygienic problems associated with unreliability of employment. A new socio-economic and psychological phenomenon “precarity” has emerged, which has aff ected the employment conditions of employees, so the description of the phenomenon “precarity” needs to be clarifi ed.The forms of labor employment that diff er from the typical model and worsen the employee’s situation are considered. The criteria based on which non-standard employment is considered unstable are given.Generalized types of unstable employment are identifi ed, the specifi city of which is determined by a combination of two factors: working time and the term of the contract. Unstable working conditions are possible not only in informal employment, but also in legal labor relations. Unreliability and instability of labor has an objective character and is a natural manifestation of the emerging economic and social order. The phenomenon of “precarity of employment” appears as a new determinant of the health of employees. The main feature when referring employment and labor relations to the phenomenon of “precarity” is their unreliability.Specifies the terms used: “precariat”; “precarious work”; precompact; the precariat. An essential characteristic of precarious employment is the violation of social and labor rights and lack of job security. A significant indicator of precarity is underemployment. Precarity induces the potential danger of dismissal of the employee and the resulting stress, psychosomatic disorders and pathological processes in the psyche.Precarious employment and related labor relations have become widespread. Many employees are deprived of social guarantees, including those related to labor safety, payment for holidays and temporary disability, and provision of preventive measures. Th is leads to a violation of the state of well-being, as well as the deterioration of individual and public health.

HUMAN CAPITAL ROLE IN FORMATION OF REGIONAL INVESTMENT-INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
A.V. Berezhnaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
State Control ◽  
Regional Investment ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Development Prospects

Human resources of the region are one of the major factors of its innovative development under conditions of economy transition to the digital type as even the most perfect technologies re-quire maintenance and state control and technologies are created by, first of all, people. Research of human capital, its state and development prospects are one of the first formation stages of co-ordinated regional investment-innovative system.

Translation and Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale With Brazilian Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 036168432110134
Author(s):  
Alessandra Costa Pereira Junqueira ◽  
Tracy L. Tylka ◽  
Sebastião de Sousa Almeida ◽  
Telma Maria Braga Costa ◽  
Maria Fernanda Laus
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Definition Of

In many countries, women are socialized to adopt a narrow definition of beauty. Research has revealed that, in the United States and China, the ability to broadly conceptualize beauty (perceive beauty in diverse body sizes, shapes, and appearances) is linked to women’s lower anti-fat attitudes, higher body appreciation, and higher well-being. In this study, we translated an existing measure of this construct, the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale (BCBS), into Brazilian Portuguese and evaluated the factor structure and reliability and validity of its scores with a diverse sample of 563 Portuguese women. Findings revealed that the Brazilian Portuguese BCBS contains two factors—external/appearance features of beauty (BCBS-E) and internal features of beauty (BCBS-I)—contrary to the unidimensional factor structure found in previous studies. Support for internal consistency and 3-week test–retest reliability was garnered. Total BCBS and BCBS-E scores evidenced convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity, whereas the BCBS-I did not accrue substantial convergent or incremental validity support beyond its inverse bivariate association with anti-fat attitudes. We recommend the use of the Brazilian Portuguese BCBS in body image research programs as well as clinical practice and prevention programs with Brazilian women seeking support for body dissatisfaction and disordered eating.

scholarly journals Effect of Career Adaptability on Subjective Well-Being of Middle-Aged and Older Employees

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2570
Author(s):  
Makiko Takao ◽  
Nobutaka Ishiyama
Keyword(s):  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Two Factors

This study aimed to elucidate how career adaptability (CA) affects subjective well-being by focusing on the psychological adjustment of middle-aged and older workers. Two web-based surveys were conducted at 1-year and 3-month intervals with 3540 workers aged 40 to 64 years, including those eligible for both position-retirement and reemployment. Factor analysis of CA in the first wave extracted two factors “control and confidence” and “concern and curiosity”. Multiple regression analysis, adjusted for important covariates, was conducted with the overall CA and the two factors of CA as the independent variables, and scores of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) as the dependent variable. For satisfaction with life, only concern and curiosity had a significant positive association, while control and confidence had no significant association. Analysis by employment stage indicated that only concern and curiosity had a significant positive association with satisfaction with life, while control and confidence had no significant association with any employment stage. The results suggest that the effect of CA on satisfaction with life remains the same, even among those who are position-retired or reemployed at the end of their vocational lives, which is a transition period in their lives.

scholarly journals The Effect of Family Background on Student Effort

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1337-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë Kuehn ◽  
Pedro Landeras
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Marginal Productivity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Student Effort ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
University Degree ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Students from more advantageous family backgrounds tend to perform better than those from less advantageous backgrounds. But it is not clear that these students exert more effort. We build a model of students, schools, and employers to study the interaction of family background and effort exerted by the student in the education process. Two factors turn out to be key in determining the relationship between effort and family background: (i) the student’s attitude toward risk and (ii) how the student’s marginal productivity of effort depends on her family background. We show that when the degree of risk aversion is relatively low (high) compared to the sensitivity of the marginal productivity of effort, students from more advantageous family backgrounds exert more (less) effort. Empirically, we find that if parental education was reduced from holding a university degree to incomplete compulsory education, primary and secondary school students would exert around 21–23% less effort (approximately equal to a reduction of 2 hours weekly in homework). For primary school students we also find that marginal productivities of effort are higher for those from less advantageous family backgrounds.

Where do overseas Filipinos intend to retire? The case of Filipinos in Chugoku region, Japan

2021 ◽  
pp. 011719682110685
Author(s):  
Ma. Reinaruth D. Carlos ◽  
Jeff Plantilla
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Western Japan

Migrants nearing retirement age face issues and challenges distinct from those of migrants in their working age. Yet, their well-being has not been fully addressed because of lack of data. Drawing from the results of a survey of Filipinos residing in the Chugoku region in Western Japan ( n = 481), this study contributes to the literature on the aging-migration nexus by exploring migrants’ anxiety toward retirement and intended country of retirement. The results have crucial implications not only on migrants’ plans for retirement but also on the provision of social protection in both the host and the origin countries.

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