Unemployment rate and inflows of foreign workers in some European OECD countries at the time of the second oil crisis

2010 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Oil Crisis

scholarly journals Can the insider–outsider theory explain unemployment hysteresis in OECD countries?

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Bakas ◽  
Yousef Makhlouf
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Unit Root Tests ◽  
Panel Unit Root Tests ◽  
Panel Unit Root ◽  
Hysteretic Behaviour

Abstract Insider–outsider theory is often used as a basis for explaining the hysteretic behaviour of unemployment. Despite this, there is no empirical evidence about the validity of this theory on explaining the persistence of unemployment. This article addresses this gap, using various labour market proxies of insiders’ power for the OECD countries over 1960–2013 and employing panel unit root tests that exploit the information contained in these proxies. The results show that although the unemployment rate exhibits a pronounced hysteretic behaviour in OECD countries, this behaviour is reversed once we account for the insider–outsider proxies. Our findings thus validate the role of the insider–outsider theory as a key source of unemployment hysteresis.

scholarly journals On the Non-Inflationary effects of Long-Term Unemployment Reductions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Paternesi Meloni ◽  
Davide Romaniello ◽  
Antonella Stirati
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
New Keynesian ◽  
Local Projections

The paper critically examines the New Keynesian explanation of hysteresis based on the role of long-term unemployment. We first examine its analytical foundations, according to which rehiring long-term unemployed individuals would not be possible without accelerating inflation. Then we empirically assess its validity along two lines of inquiry. First, we investigate the reversibility of long-term unemployment. Then we focus on episodes of sustained long-term unemployment reductions to check for inflationary effects. Specifically, in a panel of 25 OECD countries (from 1983 to 2016), we verify by means of local projections whether they are associated with inflationary pressures in a subsequent five-year window. Two main results emerge: i) the evolution of the long-term unemployment rate is almost completely synchronous with the dynamics of the total unemployment rate, both during downswings and upswings; ii) we do not find indications of accelerating or persistently higher inflation during and after episodes of strong declines in the long-term unemployment rate, even when they occur in country-years in which the actual unemployment rate was estimated to be below a conventionally estimated Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment (NAIRU). Our results call into question the role of long-term unemployment in causing hysteresis and provide support to policy implications that are at variance with the conventional wisdom that regards the NAIRU as an inflationary barrier.

Penegakan Hukum terhadap Pekerja Imigran China di Indonesia Selama PPKM dan PSBB

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 809-826
Author(s):  
Muhammad Firly Zermiyaz ◽  
Triantomo Pambudi ◽  
Ihsanutama Arya Prima Dyantara
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Strict Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected the Indonesian economy, especially the welfare of Indonesian workers. During this pandemic, there are still violations of the law on immigrant or foreign workers. This study aims to discuss how the conditions that occur during the arrival of Chinese work migrants and how the rules or policies regulate this. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with data collection using literature studies. Based on research results from literature studies, the government claimed to have brought workers from China into Indonesia. This action is of course very contrary to what is happening and the government's efforts so far to suppress the number of COVID-19. Even though the unemployment rate is increasing due to layoffs such as the number of 1,722,958 people, the government still allows foreign workers from China to enter and seems to prevent local Indonesian workers from working. In fact, in Government Regulation Number 34 of 2021 as the central legal basis, permits for extension of workers and strict selection of workers must still be carried out consistently. In conclusion, the immigration and labor sector in Indonesia still shows clear shortcomings.

scholarly journals The Impact on Unemployment of Social Security Contributions: the Empiricial Analysis in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Filiz Giray ◽  
Mehmet Çınar
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Social Security Contributions ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bound Test

Social security contributions are important public incomes after taxes in OECD countries. Beside, social security contributions as a mean of the finance of social security system is a determiner on the main macroeconomic factors such as savings, employment, the cost of employment, the level of shadow economy, economic growth, competitiveness and income inequality. Employment has been important policy goals in Turkey like many OECD countries during recent decades. High unemployment rate is a serious problem for countries. Effecting negatively labor market, high burden of social security contributions causes low level of employment. The aim of this study is to find the relationship between social security contributions and unemployment for Turkey. Therefore, we can evaluate whether reducing social security contributions is a way reducing of unemployment or not. We use time series data during period 1965-2015. The research methodology is based on an analysis of indicators as unemployment rate, social security contributions as percentage of GDPs, the percentage of total tax revenues. Unit root test is non-stationary for social security contributions. On the other hand, unemployment is stationary for related period. The long run relationship between variables was tested by ARDL bound test approach. Based on the sample results, there is a long run cointegration between social security contributions and unemployment rate (both as percentage of GDP and percentage of taxation).

The Relationship between Education and Employment and Chaos

2014 ◽  
pp. 300-305
Author(s):  
Rahman Çakır
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Chaos Theory ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Educational Qualification ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Employment Data

Chaos theory conjectures can be found in most statistical data. Mentioned obscurities especially become important in consideration of educational data and related subjects. This chapter aims at explaining the relationship between education and employment in terms of chaos. In this context, education and employment data of Turkey and OECD countries of the year 2012 has been used. In employment of women, educational qualification is important and with the raise of educational qualification, the employment ratio is also rising which in turn reduces unemployment rate. Besides this, sensitive connectivity to initial situations, which is one of the important chaos theory conjectures, appears in obtained data. The low level of initial situation of Turkey compared to other OECD countries affects the speed and rate of progress in following years.

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