Social Psychology of Health as a Social-Psychological Situation

In this chapter, the author examines the concept of health situations and situations of disease, and suggests a classification of health situations depending on the impact of health on the self-realization of a human in social relationships.

The Phenomenon of Peace in the Social Studies Curriculum in Turkey and Greece

In this chapter, the phenomenon of peace in the social studies curriculum is examined in the context of Turkey and Greece. The formation of the social studies curriculum and conceptual changes in programs in Turkey related with Greece is investigated. The studies that have been initiated after World Wars to prevail the perception of peace in Social Studies and History lessons are reviewed. The current status of the curriculum shows an attempt put forward by examining historically the studies initiated by UNESCO after World War II in order to eliminate the phenomenon of hostility in the textbooks which also include Turkey and Greece. Due to the nature of the study described in this chapter, the method of scanning was used. As a result of the study, it has been observed that the phenomenon of peace hasn't been given enough space, but there have been obvious positive regulations than those in the past. In this context, a continuation of the studies related with the phenomenon of peace which are included in the curriculum is suggested.

Recent Advancement in Fuzzy System

Decision under uncertainty is an active interdisciplinary research field. A decision process is generally identified as the action of choosing an alternative that best suites our needs. This process generally includes several areas of research including but not limited to Economics, Psychology, Philosophy, Mathematics, Statistics, etc. In this chapter the authors attempt to create a framework for uncertainties which surrounds the environment where human decision making takes place. For this purpose, the authors discuss how one ought to handle uncertainties within Fuzzy Logic. Furthermore, they present recent advances in Type 2 fuzzy system studies.

Evaluation of the Instructors' Opinions about the Current State of Turkey in the Context of Millennium Development Goals

This chapter aims to reveal Turkey's current situation regarding the Millennium Development Goals as one of the signatory countries of declaration through the opinions of the instructors studying in the field of educational administration. A qualitative research method has been used. For this purpose, a study group was constituted including eight lecturers who are specialists in the field of Educational Administration working at a university in the city of Zonguldak. Accordingly, a study group was also included in the study consisting lecturers from Hacettepe University and Gazi University. A semi-structured interview form was prepared as a tool of collecting data and it was applied to participants in May 2013. The data were recorded both verbally and in writing. Content analysis method (which is used to resolve the qualitative research) was used to analyse the data.

Girls' Education and its Economic Contribution to Less Developed Countries

This chapter examines girls' education in Niger, one of the Least Developed Counties (LDCs) located in West Africa with one of the lowest literacy rates in the world. Hence, primary education is compulsory. The education system is open equally to boys and girls; however, the facts are that, the girls have fewer opportunities for primary school to six grades. Gender traditional roles and economic factors are a great set back to the girls' education in the country. This chapter tries to investigate the complex relationships around the objectives and visions of parents and Government toward girls' education.

A Comparative Analysis of the Human Resource Development Systems of Turkey and Uganda

In this chapter, the Human Resource Development systems of Turkey and Uganda are examined. A document survey and library search technique were used to explore the status-quo regarding Human Resource Development processes in the two countries with focus on legal structures as well as structural set ups pertaining the field in question. The major findings in relation to the comparison made indicate that Turkey as a developing country has a much better Human Resource Management and development set up compared to Uganda as a less developed country. This is highlighted by the fact that in Turkey entry into any Human Resource professional field involves a series of examination levels to the effect of KPSS, KPDS, and ALES while in Uganda such entry would only require interviews. Meanwhile, Turkey's human resource development program features a streamlined policy on foreign based Human Resources while Uganda, though it has some effort in place, is still far from the required standard in this respect. One glaring similarity though is that in both countries the Human Resource Development unit depends on other units in the ministry. It is therefore opined that there are a lot of learning points in the Human Resource Development process in Turkey for a less developed country like Uganda.

Key Concepts in General Theory of Management in Innovative Society

The features of the modern world community in its transition to a phase-risk existence represent a socio- economic study on developing a model of an innovative society that is adequate to the conditions of the global crisis. A key problem of long-term development is the development of man, his social and natural environment but the key subjects of long-term planning are an innovative development and new quality of human capital since the quality of human capital is one of our competitive advantages. The economy must be innovative and the innovative economy must be created by “the innovative” person. Consequently such a person has to be available but for the moment there is no such massive phenomenon on a national scale. In terms of social and economic bases of social development the necessity of administration is determined by division of labor on the one hand and by the need for its cooperation on the other. The modern new paradigm of public administration is more likely based on the idea of more and more complete inclusion of a creative person into the structure of the subject of management connected with collective intelligence that transforms the society, as described in this chapter.

Afghanistan Conflict

Afghanistan is one of the key countries in Asia and natural bridge between Asia and Europe via the Caspian basin. Because of her strategic situation, she has been one of the main interest points of super powers in the world. Afghanistan has lived through many invasions, chaos, conflicts, and civil wars throughout her 5.000 - year history. It is not easy to understand and solve Afghanistan conflict and prevent chaos. It may take a long time to understand the main reasons of conflict and solutions on them. The Afghanistan conflict cannot be solved in international arena without understanding the native culture, life style, society structure, religious issues, tribal issues, chaos environment, the history, and main reasons of the conflicts. The purpose of this chapter is to give some facts and ideas about Afghanistan, historical reasons about conflicts, the current conditions, and some tips and points of view for the future solutions.

Mobbing and Chaotic Reflections in International Politics Documents

Mobbing is a phenomenon which has treatments of personal and economical sequels. This chapter aims to present traditional legal reflections of mobbing and educational responsibilities in this situation. Mobbing, which has been a subject of study in education, organizational treatment, the world of business and management, psychology, nursing and more, found its way in international legal documents especially after the 1990s. Mentioned laws foresee employers to have more responsibilites in terms of work conditions. It is also imperative to mention that national level of interferences has started lately. Some assumptions of Chaos Theory such as loyalty for beginning conditions and turbulance call it ambiguity to mobbing attitude, unpredictability and making a point of small situations are also discussed in this chapter.

An Example of Chaos in the Desired Change of a Society in Literature

The Tanzimat Reform Movement aimed to give a new energy to a society which lost its confidence in life due to chaos. The expectation of the Ottoman society was to recover from this chaos. Influenced by Galip of Nicosia, Namik Kemal initially wrote classical poems of which form and content were old. After his acquaintance with Sinasi, he produced Western style works which were old in form but new in content. In his later works, both of these components were new. The subject matter of Intibah is simple and comes from social life. Intibah is regarded as the first literary novel of the Turkish literature written in Western novel technique including realistic depictions, places and psychological analyses. This chapter discusses the way the destruction of love, slavery, the women problem and imperfect aspects of family life in Ottoman society were handled by Namik Kemal. Both Namik Kemal and other modernists mentioned the problems but they could not offer deep solutions.