scholarly journals Legal Status of Animals in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Emil Kruk
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Optimal Model ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Attitude ◽  
The Way

The article is of a scientific and research nature and it is aimed primarily at outlining the legal status of animals and to what extent legal regulations governing this status determine the level of humane protection of animals in Poland. To achieve this goal, first of all, the concept of “animal” needed to be made more specific, the principle of dereification discussed and its normative scope outlined, and the characteristics of an animal as a specific tangible good needed to be presented. The need to address the issue is determined primarily by the awareness that the way of human life and human attitude to animals has been changing with the development of civilisation. In any case, the changes that have taken place in this area in recent decades make the title issue topical and conducive to verify previous findings. It is assumed that the research carried out will contribute to the development of an optimal model of legal protection of animals and to the development of legal science. The very dissemination of the results is to raise the social awareness of the legal status of animals, which is one of the conditions of further progress of civilisation.

The Societal Impact of World Wide Web - Key Challenges for the 21st Century

2011 ◽  
pp. 88-106
Author(s):  
Janice M. Burn ◽  
Karen D. Loch
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Definite Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
The Way

Many lessons from history offer strong evidence that technology can have a definite effect on the social and political aspects of human life. At times it is difficult to grasp how supposedly neutral technology might lead to social upheavals, mass migrations of people, and shifts in wealth and power. Yet a quick retrospective look at the last few centuries finds that various technologies have done just that, challenging the notion of the neutrality of technology. Some examples include the printing press, railways, and the telephone. The effects of these technologies usually begin in our minds by changing the way we view time and space. Railways made the world seem smaller by enabling us to send goods, people, and information to many parts of the world in a fraction of the time it took before. Telephones changed the way we think about both time and distance, enabling us to stay connected without needing to be physically displaced. While new technologies create new opportunities for certain individuals or groups to gain wealth, there are other economic implications with a wider ranging impact, political and social. Eventually, as the technology matures, social upheavals, mass migrations and shifts in economic and political power can be observed. We find concrete examples of this dynamic phenomenon during the Reformation, the industrial revolution, and more recently, as we witness the ongoing information technology revolution.

LEGAL REGULATIONS IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 1944-1989 IN TERMS OF CULTURAL SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-102
Author(s):  
Tomasz LANDMANN
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
Social Distribution

The article attempts to analyze the meaning of legal regulations developed in the field of cultural heritage protection in the years 1944-1989. It has been argued that these years were markedly different in terms of law in the sphere of cultural heritage protection than the period between 1918 and 1939 analyzed by the author in another article. The author decided to refer to legal acts and literature in the form of elaborations and magazines in the field of monuments protection. The specificity of the chosen subject and problem required the choice of a scientific method in the form of legal acts analysis, supported by literature review. The presented information shows that the period between 1944 and 1989 was characterized by a different approach of the Polish authorities towards the issue of cultural heritage protection in comparison to the years 1918-1939. The mentioned protection had an instrumental character and was one of the political-ideological tools influencing the society. Furthermore, the growth of legal protection of cultural assets in the age of the PRL took place in the conditions of centralized administration that adopted the idea of social distribution of many such assets, which led to devastation of numerous immovable monuments and sometimes also the antique furnishings. All the introduced legal regulations required a thorough change and redefinition of the legal status after the political-structural transformation of 1989.

scholarly journals Analisis Yuridis Kepemilikan Hak Atas Tanah Terdaftar Atas Nama Anak Yang Bersumber Dari Nominee Akta (Studi Putusan Nomor: 433K/PDT/2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Muhammad Takkas Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Land Title ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Negative Impacts

Nominee Arrangement drafted by a Notary has quite wide range of usage because it contains authority. Nominee is principally an agreement that is not assertively specifically regulated, but in practice, it is used as an agreement with name borrowing which existence frequently brings negative impacts and financial loss to all parties if its deed is proceeded.             The objective of this research was to analyze the legal regulations related to notarial deed drafting categorized into deed of nomination, the legal status of the land title registered with the name of a child mentioned in a nominee deed, and the Verdict of the Supreme Court Number 433K/Pdt/2016. Normative juridical research method is employed with descriptive analysis. The data are collected through library study. The research problems are about the land title ownership sourced from nominee or name borrowing. The legal regulations on notarial deeds that are categorized into deed of nomination causes many legal problems in practice; thus, the practice of nominee arrangement has to be made with a supporting agreement to build legal relationship among all parties, that the legal smuggling seems legitimate and has legal ground.             The results demonstrate that the usage of nominee concept in land ownership is aimed at protecting the confidentiality of the true owner’s name and identity from public and government. The legal status of deed of nomination is not specifically regulated, but the Law on Capital Market and Law on Limited Liability Companies stipulate regulations on nominee. The analysis result of this verdict is that the judges should be more conscientious in analyzing, deciding, and pronouncing the verdict by involving competent experts; it can be made guidance to make decision. The ruling issued by a court reflects a just legal protection for all disputed parties in Indonesia.

Созависимость как проблема конфликтологической практики

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
E. N. Ivanova ◽  
E. I. Naumova ◽  
A. V. Makarin
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychoanalytic Approach ◽  
The One ◽  
Partnership Models ◽  
Basic Anxiety ◽  
Behavioral Attitudes ◽  
The Way

the article represents the analysis of such phenomenon as codependency. It is mentioned the lack of medical or psychological understanding of this problem. It is developed the psychoanalytic and evolution approaches in understanding the sense of codependency. Psychoanalytic approach is represented by the K. Horney’s theory and develop codependency as the way of overcoming of basic anxiety which emerges as the result of the oppression hostile impulse in relation to the close figure. Evolution approach is represented in B. and J. Weinhold’s theory and open codependency as a trauma of evolution connected with unsuccessful separation of the close figure what forms the infantile behavior and radical dependency on the others’ opinion in self-certification of man. On the base of these two approaches concludes that codependency is the common appearance, the symptom of contemporary culture which is connected with the social model of domination and inequality. The introduction in human life the models of partnership is the way of overcoming the problem of codependency. The practical conflictology is the concrete sphere of introduction and elaboration of the partnership models. In the research the co-dependency problem is concerned in two directions — in connection with clients’ specific and as the one defined by cognitive-emotional- behavioral attitudes of specialists-conflictologists. The special significance of awareness of this problem and overcoming it by mediators because of its counteraction with the basic mediation principles, first of all neutrality of a specialist is noted. The author’s investigation results conducted with the participation of mediators and consultants with different experience of work in the profession are presented. The results show widely spread codependent tendencies among practicing conflictologists especially among beginners. The connection of the syndrome of codependency and professional burning out and the problem growing along with the widening of conflictologists’ practice is shown. 5 types of specialists’ codependency dynamics in the process of gathering experience of work with clients are identified and corresponding consequences are shown. The significance of overcoming and profilaxy of codependency growth is noted and the ways of gaining the result are analyzed.

scholarly journals Polskie i estońskie uregulowania prawne dotyczące zwierząt bezdomnych (bezpańskich)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Emil Kruk
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Optimal Model ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unpublished Research

<p>The article is of a scientific research nature and its main aim is to compare Polish and Estonian legal regulations on homeless (stray) animals and to evaluate them and formulate optimisation proposals. The analysis of national regulations was preceded by findings on how the issue in question is regulated in international law and EU law. The issue needs to be addressed due to the fact that the problem of the protection of homeless animals, despite the ever-increasing number of such animals, has been marginalised in all the legal orders discussed in this text. In any case, both in Poland and Estonia, their normative solutions are focused more on remedying the effects than on preventing the causes of the problem of homelessness of animals. Moreover, it is extremely rare that this issue becomes the subject of in-depth scientific analysis. Therefore, the intention is that the dissemination of previously unpublished research results will help develop an optimal model for the administrative-law protection of homeless animals and will raise the degree of public awareness of the legal protection of animals, which is one of the conditions for further progress in civilisation.</p>

scholarly journals Misrecognized Violence against Women and Perpetrated by Women. Seeking Remedies

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-203
Author(s):  
Joanna Dutka
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Prevention Of Violence ◽  
The Social ◽  
Women's Experience ◽  
Common Misconceptions ◽  
The Way

This paper explores the misrecognition of women's experience with violence in order to understand better what kinds of approaches to the problem would make it possible to design successful strategies for the prevention of violence. Violence itself, as well as common misconceptions regarding its mechanisms, carries ramifications that go far beyond direct and physical injury. The prevalence of violence and lack of social awareness regarding its mechanisms result in limitations to the social participation of many individuals and groups. Among the groups affected, women have an important place, both due to their number and the way that femininity relates to and disturbs other identities.

Standards guter Arbeit

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
Security Regulations ◽  
The Impact

The changes in the labour market as a result of an increase in non-standard employment raises the question of how to ensure decent labour standards today. This question cannot be answered by one discipline alone. Instead, finding an answer demands collaboration in an interdisciplinary endeavour to determine labour standards for improved well-being. In this collection of studies, contributions from psychology look at labour and health; contributions from human resource management (HRM) investigate the effects of both HRM strategies and diversity management and of religion at work, and look at the impact of legal regulations on working hours and co-determination; a contribution from protestant theology analyses the interaction between work and meaning; and finally contributions from the field of law take a look at the legal status of employees when firms are organised as networks and at the social security regulations for self-employed individuals. With contributions by Katharina Klug and Jörg Felfe; Christine Busch and Tim Vahle-Hinz; Sven Hauff; Daniela Rastetter; Dorothea Alewell and Tobias Moll; Barbara Müller, Christoph Seibert and Oliver Vornfeld; Florian Schramm and Ines Kanngießer; Margarete Schuler-Harms and Katharina Goldberg; Hans Hanau and Wenzel Matiaske

Knowing the Place for the First Time

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Erikson
Keyword(s):  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Time ◽  
As If ◽  
The Way

This chapter considers a third approach to the sociological perspective, which has to do with viewing a wholly familiar social reality in the way a newcomer, a stranger, might. It may be assumed that sociologists know more about the lay of their land than most others do. After all, they spend a significant amount of time investigating various corners of the social world, and to that extent they can be thought of as seasoned, knowing, and experienced about human life. At the same time, however, sociologists can be viewed as strangers to the lands they study, for it is one of their tasks to look at the social world almost as if they were seeing it for the first time. The chapter explains how sociologists may be newcomers to the locations they study and discusses the ways that they deal with deviant behavior.

osce vs Transnational Threats

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 326-336
Author(s):  
Alexey L. Lyzhenkov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Cyber Crime ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
The Way

Transnational threats, such as terrorism, illegal trafficking, organized crime, including cyber-crime, remain among the most significant threats to peace, security and stability worldwide and to the osce participating States. Such threats undermine the social and economic development of people who live in the osce region, their fundamental freedoms, their safety, stability and enjoyment of human rights. Are there any tools to address these threats in such a way that people in the osce region would feel secure and safe to fly, to enjoy meeting friends in cafes and restaurants, to attend masses and sporting events, to have usual human life without anxiety for their children, their families and friends, and for themselves? The author tries to answer this question, he provides an overview of the osce toolbox in this area and makes some suggestions on the way forward.

scholarly journals Dual Living Transplant. The Analysis of Particular Case Based on Polish Legal Regulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Karolina Lipiec
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
Hospital Equipment

Introduction: Human life is the superior value among all goods protected by law. Determined by many factors: from transmitted genes, through an individual lifestyle or diet, to socio-cultural factors, i.e. the environment in which a person lives, understood as a community to which he belongs or related factors with access to basic services, including healthcare. The last factor is particularly important in the event of a threat to human health or life. However, the legal protection of these values - despite the fact that it is legitimate – stands in contradiction with the natural, human need to help others. One of such cases is organ transplantation in a situation where a life-saving person would be exposed to serious health impairment or even death. Aim: The purpose of this article is to consider, on the basis of Polish law regulations, a hypothetical case in which a given donor, compatible for two different people, would be willing to donate his healthy organs - in this case both kidneys. Review and Conclusions: It turned out that this transplant is theoretically possible. Technical infrastructure and hospital equipment are also definitely adapted to this type of situation. Nevertheless, in practice, such procedures as double donation from a living donor are not performed. This is in contradiction with the usual medical ethics and regulations. The protection of the health and life of the donor is in this case a priority that cannot be put above others.

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