BODY MASS INDEX; VISCERAL FAT AND TOTAL BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION AND ITS RELATION TO BODY MASS INDEX IN CLINICAL SETTING USING BIO-IMPEDANCE BODY COMPOSITION MONITOR

Seasonal oscillations in food intake, live mass, and body component masses were investigated in two groups, each of 4 mature fallow does, which were fed high and low energy density diets ad libitum over a 17-month period. The aim of the experiment was to quantify seasonal patterns of food intake, live mass, and body tissue masses and to assess the effect of high- and low-energy diets on these patterns. Total body fat, muscle, and viscera masses were estimated on 10 occasions using computer-aided tomography. When food intake was expressed in megajoules of metabolisable energy per day, there was little difference between the groups fed the high- and low-energy diets. Food intake showed a clear deviation from a regular annual oscillation during the summer, when intake by both groups was reduced. Seasonal oscillations were apparent in live mass, empty body mass, muscle mass, and total body fat mass, with maximum values in autumn and minimum values in spring. Viscera mass did not show a seasonal pattern but was closely related to food intake. There was a lag phase of 6-7 weeks in the correlation between food intake and live mass and body tissue masses, suggesting that the changes in food intake were a precursor of subsequent changes in live mass and body composition. Further oscillations in muscle and fat masses persisted independently of changes in empty body mass, which indicated a differential change in these components according to season.

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Annual Changes in Total Body Fat and Fat-free Mass in Children from 8 to 18 Years in Relation to Changes in Body Mass Index: The Fels Longitudinal Study

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06494.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 904 (1) ◽

pp. 420-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

ROGER M. SIERVOGEL ◽

L. MICHELE MAYNARD ◽

WAYNE A. WISEMANDLE ◽

ALEX F. ROCHE ◽

SHUMEI S. GUO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Annual Changes ◽

Total Body

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Associations of blood glucose levels with some diabetes risk factors (body mass index, blood pressure and total body fat) in inhabitants of Ho Municipality, Ghana: A cross-sectional survey

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development ◽

10.18697/ajfand.96.19915 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21` (01) ◽

pp. 17365-17378

Author(s):

Nii Korley Kortei ◽

◽

A Koryo-Dabrah ◽

SK Angmorterh ◽

D Adedia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Correlation Analysis ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

One complex metabolic disorder that can unenviably affect the normal human physiology is diabetes mellitus(DM). It is indeed one of the commonest non-communicable diseases that has heightened to an epidemic level worldwide. For diseases like DM, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type II DM, and other chronic diseases, body mass index (BMI) is identified as a positive and independent risk factor associated with morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study was to determine the relationships between BMI,blood pressure, and total body fat among inhabitants of peri-urban Ho, Ghana. Across-sectional survey was carried out between May and June,2018,among 132 inhabitants of Ho to determine the prevalence and associations among DM risk factors.The participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Standardized international protocols were used to measure BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, and total body fat. Out of 132 respondents, majority 96 (72.7%) were female and the most common age group was 54-60 (31.1%). From the BMI classifications, 65 (49.2%) people were of normal weight while 6 (4.5%) were underweight. Total body fat (%) and blood pressure, likewise total body fat and BMI recorded significant associations of values (0.299, p<0.001-systolic; 0.298, p=0.001-diastolic), and 0.585(p<0.001),respectively. On the contrary, there were insignificant associations found between blood glucose and diastolic blood pressure and also blood glucose and systolic blood pressure(0.100, p=0.253)and (0.057. p=0.514),respectively using the Spearman’s correlation analysis. Lastly,the test of association of socio-demographics and anthropometrics revealed there was a significant (p<0.001)correlation between total body fat and BMI using Pearson’s correlation analysis. BMI is closely related to total body fat and blood pressure;hence,education on lifestyle modification needs to be intensified to create awareness among the inhabitants of Ho municipality of Ghana.It is imperative to educate Ghanaians and beyond about the risk factor associations that predispose an individual to DM.

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Is total body fat more strongly correlated with lipid profile than the body mass index in type 2 diabetes?

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.73.ep109 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chtioui Sara ◽

Rafi Sanaa ◽

Ghizlane El Mghari ◽

Nawal El Ansari

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

The Body ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

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Childhood Craniopharyngioma: A 22-Year Challenging Follow-Up in a Single Center

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-0641-5956 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (09) ◽

pp. 675-682 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Patrícia Tosta-Hernandez ◽

Adriana Siviero-Miachon ◽

Nasjla da Silva ◽

Andrea Cappellano ◽

Marcelo Pinheiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Human Growth Hormone ◽

Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽

Human Growth ◽

Z Score ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

AbstractCraniopharyngioma is a sellar/suprasellar benign tumor whose aggressiveness may imply in endocrine disturbances (hypothalamic obesity and hormone deficiencies). Fifty-seven patients were evaluated according to clinical characteristics, hypothalamic involvement, type of treatment, anthropometric variables, adiposity indexes (body mass index Z score category at diagnosis and post-treatment, total body fat, visceral adipose tissue, and metabolic syndrome components) and analyzed through multiple regression and logistic models. Patients were stratified according to growth hormone deficiency and recombinant human growth hormone use. Mean ages at diagnosis and at study evaluation were 9.6 and 16.6 years old, respectively. A set of 43/57 (75.4%) patients presented with important hypothalamic involvement, 24/57 (42.1%) received surgical treatment and cranial radiotherapy, and 8/57 (14%) interferon-α exclusively. Fifty-five patients (96.5%) were considered growth hormone deficient, and 26/57 (45.6%) grew despite no recombinant human growth hormone replacement therapy. At diagnosis, 12/57 (21%) patients were obese, and 33/57 (57.9%) at study evaluation, and after 3.2 years (median) post first therapy. There was no influence of height Z score on body mass index Z score. Body mass index Z score at diagnosis positively influenced body mass index Z score, total body fat, waist circumference and the presence of the metabolic syndrome post-treatment. Replacement of recombinant human growth hormone decreased total body fat and visceral adipose tissue. Craniopharyngioma patients worsened body mass index Z score category 3.2 years (median) after first treatment. Body mass index Z score increased due to real weight gain, without height decrease. Replacement of recombinant human growth hormone had beneficial effect on adiposity.

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P2680Changes in body fat distribution after intensive dietary intervention in patients with stable coronary artery disease

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0998 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

J Henzel ◽

M Makarewicz-Wujec ◽

L Wardziak ◽

P Trochimiuk ◽

C Kepka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Body Fat ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Fat Distribution ◽

Control Group ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Stable Cad ◽

Total Body

Abstract Introduction Contradictory reports are available on the role of adipose tissue in the pathophysiology and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). It seems accepted that local fat distribution is more relevant than the general amount of body fat. As in the case of visceral fat, pericardial adipose tissue (PEAT) has been postulated an important mediator of metabolic risk, with a special role attributed to epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). Purpose To study the effect of intensive dietary and lifestyle modification on the distribution of body fat in patients diagnosed with stable CAD qualified to conservative treatment. Methods Total body fat mass (TBF), visceral fat area (VFA), PEAT volume, and EAT volume were measured in 67 participants (43% women) of the DISCO-CT trial (Dietary Intervention to Stop COronary Atherosclerosis in Computed Tomography, NCT02571803) who completed the study by the end of 2018. All patients, randomly assigned to either experimental or control arm in a 1:1 fashion, were regularly followed-up at our site, with those in the experimental arm being strictly supervised by a dietitian to stick to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and encouraged to lifestyle changes atop optimal medical therapy. Contrast-enhanced coronary computed tomography was performed at baseline and after the median time of 59 weeks (2x192-multislice scanner, temporal resolution 66 ms, Somatom Force, Siemens). PEAT and EAT volumes, expressed in mm3, were measured with a dedicated offline workstation (syngo.via Frontier, Siemens Healthcare) using a semiautomatic segmentation technique (window width range −195 to −45 Hounsfield units). TBF, expressed in kg, and VFA, expressed in cm2, were measured using the InBody S10 Body Water Analyser at baseline and completion of the study. 57% of subjects included into the analysis represented the experimental arm. Results There were no significant between-arm differences in baseline TBF, VFA, PEAT, and EAT volumes. A significant reduction by 3.7±5.0 kg in TBF (p<0.001; 95% CI 2.1, 5.3) and by 19.7±30.1 cm2 in VFA (p<0.001; 95% CI 9.8, 29.6) was observed in the experimental arm, while in the control group both TBF and VFA irrelevantly increased, by 0.6±4.7 kg (p=0.53; 95% CI −2.4, 1.3) and 2.2±27.0 cm2 (p=0.67; 95% CI −12.7, 8.2), respectively. A significant decrease in PEAT volume, by 19.9±43.0 mm3 (p=0.007; 95% CI 5.8, 34.1), was observed in the experimental group, compared to a non-significant PEAT volume reduction by 5.8±3.5.0 mm3 (p=0.38, 95% CI −7.5; 19.2) in the control group. Contrarily, no significant changes in EAT volumes were observed in either experimental (reduction by 3.8±15.2 mm3; p=0.13, 95% CI −1.2, 8.8) or control arm (reduction by 5.1±17.2 mm3; p=0.13, 95% CI −1.5, 11.6). Conclusion Intensive dietary intervention in patients with stable CAD can lead to a significant reduction in total body fat, visceral fat and pericardial fat, this effect, however, may not apply to epicardial fat. Acknowledgement/Funding This study was founded by a grant (2.15/III/15) from the Institute of Cardiology in Warsaw, Poland

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Subcutaneous obesity is not associated with sympathetic neural activation

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.01046.2003 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 287 (1) ◽

pp. H414-H418 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Guy E. Alvarez ◽

Tasha P. Ballard ◽

Stacy D. Beske ◽

Kevin P. Davy

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽

Fat Distribution ◽

Neural Activation ◽

Abdominal Visceral Fat ◽

Regional Fat Distribution ◽

Plasma Leptin

We tested the hypothesis that muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) would not differ in subcutaneously obese (SUBOB) and nonobese (NO) men with similar levels of abdominal visceral fat despite higher plasma leptin concentrations in the former. We further hypothesized that abdominal visceral fat would be the strongest body composition- or regional fat distribution-related correlate of MSNA among these individuals. To accomplish this, we measured MSNA (via microneurography), body composition (via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and abdominal fat distribution (via computed tomography) in 15 NO (body mass index ≤ 25 kg/m2; 22.4 ± 1.4 yr) and 9 SUBOB (25 ≤ body mass index ≤ 35 kg/m2; 23.4 ± 2.1 yr) sedentary men. As expected, body mass (94 ± 4 vs. 71 ± 2 kg), total fat mass (25 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 kg), and abdominal subcutaneous fat (307 ± 36 vs. 132 ± 12 cm2) were significantly higher in the SUBOB group compared with NO peers. However, the level of abdominal visceral fat did not differ significantly in the two groups (69 ± 7 vs. 55 ± 5 cm2). MSNA was not different between SUBOB and NO men (23 ± 3 vs. 24 ± 2 bursts/min; P > 0.05, respectively) despite ∼2.6-fold higher ( P < 0.05) plasma leptin concentration in the SUBOB men. Furthermore, abdominal visceral fat was the only body composition- or regional fat distribution-related correlate ( r = 0.45; P < 0.05) of MSNA in the pooled sample. In addition, abdominal visceral fat was related to MSNA in NO ( r = 0.58; P = 0.0239) but not SUBOB ( r = 0.39; P = 0.3027) men. Taken together with our previous observations, our findings suggest that the relation between obesity and MSNA is phenotype dependent. The relation between abdominal visceral fat and MSNA was evident in NO but not in SUBOB men and at levels of abdominal visceral fat below the level typically associated with elevated cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk. Our observations do not support an obvious role for leptin in contributing to sympathetic neural activation in human obesity and, in turn, are inconsistent with the concept of selective leptin resistance.

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SUN-355 Associations of Trabecular Bone Score and Bone Mineral Density with Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Composition in Men with and Without Paraplegia

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.631 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Usuga ◽

David W McMillan ◽

Kevin A Jacobs ◽

Mark S Nash ◽

Rodrigo J Valderrabano

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Body Fat ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body ◽

Visceral Adipose

Abstract Introduction: Following spinal cord injury (SCI) lower extremity bone mineral density (BMD) losses are as high as 40% due to mechanical unloading and autonomic dysfunction. While lumbar spine (LS) BMD appears to be relatively spared, evidence suggests BMD by dual-energy radiographic absorptiometry (DXA) may overlook bone pathology in this region. Trabecular Bone Score (TBS), representative of bone microarchitecture, may be a more informative measurement of LS pathology in SCI. Our objective was to determine differences in BMD and TBS within the LS in humans with and without SCI. Correlation of fitness and body composition measures with TBS and BMD were also explored to determine their role in bone health after SCI. Methods: Seven male participants with paraplegia (level T3 – T7) were recruited through The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, and 6 males without SCI were recruited from local advertisement. DXA scans of the lumbar spine and whole body were performed using Hologic Discovery A densitometer. TBS score (unitless) was derived from L1-L4 scans using TBS iNsight software v3.0.2. A graded arm exercise test directly measured cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) for all subjects. An independent samples t-test determined between-group differences in LS BMD and TBS. Pearson correlation analysis investigated within-group relations among LS BMD, TBS and VO2peak (ml/kg/min), weight (kg), total body fat (%), and visceral adipose tissue (estimated VAT mass(g)). Results: In SCI, the mean duration of injury was 8.6 years. Mean LS BMD was not different (p=.47) between non-injured (1.10 ±0.11 g/cm2) and SCI (1.10 ±0.13 g/cm2) groups. However, mean TBS score was different (p=.053) between non-injured (1.55±0.09) and SCI (1.47±0.07) groups. In non-injured, VO2peak was correlated with LS BMD (r=.356) and TBS (r=.244). In SCI, VO2peak was correlated with LS BMD (r=.111) and TBS (r=.822). In non-injured, TBS was correlated with body mass (r=.244), total body fat (%) (r=.382), and visceral adipose tissue (r=.361). In SCI, negative correlations were observed; TBS was correlated with body mass (r= -.255), total body fat (%) (r= -.474), and visceral adipose tissue (r= -.513). LS BMD was positively correlated with body mass, total body fat (%) and visceral adipose tissue in both non-injured and SCI groups. Conclusion: Men with and without SCI displayed similar BMD but differed in TBS at the LS. Correlations with measures of fitness and body composition were similar for LS BMD but discordant for TBS between non-injured and SCI groups. The data suggest changes in the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, metabolism and bone quality in SCI. TBS may capture alterations in bone microarchitecture at the spine after SCI that are undetected by conventional DXA.

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