scholarly journals Ekstraksi Antosianin dari Buah Senggani (Melastoma polyanthum BI.) dengan Variasi Rasio Bahan dengan Pelarut dan Konsentrasi Asam Sitrat

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-839
Author(s):  
Trysia Zulfina ◽  
Novi Safriani ◽  
Nida El Husna
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Colour Intensity ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

Abstrak.  Senggani (Melastoma polyanthum BI.) adalah tanaman hias yang tumbuh pada lahan semak dan memiliki buah dengan ukuran kecil yang berwarna ungu atau merah muda. Warna ungu pekat pada buah senggani berasal dari kandungan senyawa antosianin yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai sumber zat warna alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan rasio bahan dengan pelarut dan konsentasi asam sitrat terhadap intensitas warna dari ekstrak buah senggani. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 (dua) faktor. Faktor pertama adalah rasio bahan dengan pelarut (P) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu: P1=1:5, P2=1:10, P3=1:15, P4=1:20. Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi asam sitrat (A) yang terdiri dari 2 taraf yaitu: A1=0,4%, A2=20%. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 24 satuan percobaan. Hasil sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa Rasio bahan : pelarut berpengaruh sangat nyata (P≤0,01) terhadap aktivitas antioksidan, derajat keasaman (pH), intensitas warna ekstrak buah senggani. Konsentrasi asam sitrat berpengaruh sangat nyata (P≤0,01) terhadap total antosianin, aktivitas antioksidan, intensitas warna. Berdasarkan hasil analisis intensitas warna ekstrak buah senggani, perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada kombinasi perlakuan antara rasio bahan : pelarut 1:5 dan konsentrasi asam sitrat 20% (P1A2) dengan karakteristik ekstrak memiliki intensitas warna 0,57. Abstract. Senggani (Melastoma Polyanthum BI.) is an ornamental plant that grows on a bushland and has a fruit with a small size that is purple or pink. The colour of the fruit comes from anthocyanin compound that is potential to be used as a source of natural dyes. This study aimed to determine the effect of the ratio between material and solvent and the concentration of citric acid on the color intensity of the senggani fruit extract. Randomized Block Design (RAK) of factorial pattern consisting of 2 (two) factors was used. The first factor was the ratio between material and the solvent (P) consisted of 4 levels: P1 = 1: 5, P2 = 1: 10, P3 = 1: 15, P4 = 1: 20. The second factor was the concentration of citric acid (A) consisted of 2 levels: A1 = 0.4%, A2 = 20%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times to obtain 24 units of experiment. The results showed that the ratio between material and solvent has an effect (P≤0.01) on the antioxidant activity, the degree of acidity (pH), the intensity of the extract color of the fruit of senggani. Citric acid concentration was highly significant (P≤0.01) to total anthocyanin, antioxidant activity, and colour intensity. Based on the analysis of the intensity of the extract color of the senggani fruit, the best treatment was obtained from the combination between the ratio of the ingredient: solvent 1: 5 solvent and 20% citric acid concentration (P1A2) where the extract has the color intensity of 0.57.Keywords: Senggani, Melastoma polyanthum BI., colour intensity, citric acid.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Antosianin dari Kulit Buah Nipah (Nypa frutican) sebagai Pewarna Alami dengan Metode Soxhletasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Putri Herfayati ◽  
Setiaty Pandia ◽  
Halimatuddahliana Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Extract Yield

Anthocyanin is a natural pigment that gives red colour on Nipah husk (Nypa fructican) extract. Extraction of anthocyanin compounds used the soxhletation method with independent variables were the type of solvent (aquadest and ethanol with citric acid 3% (w/v)) and extraction time (30, 45 and 60 minutes). This study aims to determine the best type of solvent and extraction time used for extraction of anthocyanin from Nipah husk. The parameters in this study include qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthocyanin (extract yield, total anthocyanin concentration, color intensity, antioxidant activity and analysis of toxicity) from Nipah husk extract. The results qualitatively and quantitatively indicate that Nipah husk extract had anthocyanin content with the highest extract yield was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 60 minutes extraction time of 0.546 gram / gram. The highest total anthocyanin was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 226.36 mg / L. The highest color intensity was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 0.925. The strongest antioxidant activity (IC50) was obtained using 3% aquadest-citric acid solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 3.569 ppm. The strongest toxicity activity (LC50) in ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent was 80.023 ppm.

scholarly journals Pengaruh fortifikasi ekstrak kulit buah naga super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) terhadap kandungan antioksidan tape singkong kuning (Manihot utilissima Pohl)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
Ni’matusyukriyah Ni’matusyukriyah ◽  
Muh. Aniar Hari Swasono
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
The People ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Effectiveness Index

The super red dragon fruit peels waste that is under utilized by the people and prefers to be thrown away, has a lot of nutrient content over the fruit flesh, and the decline in people's interest in fermented cassava causes the loss of cassava farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on the innovation of fermented cassava which also adds value to the nutritional content. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of super red dragon fruit peels percentage and the addition of yeast percentage to antioxidant activity. The method used in the study of the manufacture of antioxidant fortified yellow cassava using factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors, the first factor consists of 3 levels and the second factor consists of 3. Of the two factors obtained 6 combinations of treatments. Each treatment was repeated three times, so that 18 treatment combinations were obtained. Tests carried out include physicochemical tests (antioxidant activity, pH, color intensity) and organoleptic tests (color, aroma, taste and texture). Analysis of physicochemical test using ANOVA. If it is significantly different, then it is followed by the Tukey method and to find the best treatment according to physicochemical parameters using the Zelleny method. Organoleptic test analysis uses the Friedman test and to find the best treatment according to organoleptic parameters using Effectiveness Index. The results of this study indicate that the combination treatment of the addition of super red dragon fruit peels by 30% w/v and the percentage yeast of 0.4% w/w is the best results according to physicochemical test parameters with the following characteristics: DPPH% Inhibition (83.115%), pH (4.53), L color intensity (50.2), Color intensity a + (47.7), Color intensity b + (12,32). The best treatment organoleptic test was obtained from a combination of treatment the percentage of the addition of super red dragon fruit peels by 30% b / v and the percentage of yeast 0.4% b / b provided that the average color organoleptic test score was 3.97 (likes), flavor 3 , 77 (likes), texture 2.77 (enough), taste 3.5 (likes).

scholarly journals KANDUNGAN SENYAWA FLAVONOID DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK TEH HIJAU PADA PERLAKUAN SUHU AWAL DAN LAMA PENYEDUHAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Riza Ibnu Fajar ◽  
Luh Putu Wrasiati ◽  
Lutfi Suhendra
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Tea Extract

Tea is a kind of plantations which has antioxidant compound and beneficial for health. Based on processing, there 3 kinds of tea namely black tea, green tea, and oolong tea. The aims of this study is to find out the temperature influence and time of brewing toward the flavonoid and antioxidant activity of green tea. This research was conducted to determine temperature and time brewing effect on flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of green tea. The experiment in this study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was temperature of brewing that consists of temperature 75oC, 85oC, and 95oC. The second factor was the time of brewing namely 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The treatment was repeated twice to obtain 18 units of the experiment. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance, followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the best treatment of green tea extract temperature of 95oC and extraction time 15 minutes resulted in yield 26.2±0,50%, total flavonoids 252.3±1,71 mg QE /g extract and IC50 value was 173.5±1,34 ?g/ml. Keywords : Green tea, brewing, flavonoid, antioxidant activity

PENGARUH KOMPOS SAMPAH KOTA DAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PAKCOY (BRASSICA RAPA, L. CHINENSIS) PADA ALUVIAL KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Wiwik Ambarsari ◽  
Henly Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Experimental Garden

The study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of city waste compost and cattle manure on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants (Brassica rapa, L. Chinensis) in Aluvial, Indramayu Regency. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Wiralodra University, Indramayu Regency from March to August 2018. This study used Factorial Pattern Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor is city waste compost and the second factor is cattle manure with 4 levels: 0%, 3.0%, 6.0%, and 9.0%, repeated twice. The results showed that there was an independent influence between city waste compost and cattle manure on plant height and number of leaves. The best combination to increase the feasibility weight of pakcoy consumption is by giving city waste compost 9.0% (S4) and cattle manure 6.0% (K3).

scholarly journals Optimization of Betalain Pigments Extraction Using Beetroot by-Products as a Valuable Source

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Silvia Lazăr (Mistrianu) ◽  
Oana Emilia Constantin ◽  
Nicoleta Stănciuc ◽  
Iuliana Aprodu ◽  
Constantin Croitoru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Conventional Solvent Extraction ◽  
Optimized Conditions

(1) Background: This study is designed to extract the bioactive compounds from beetroot peel for future use in the food industry. (2) Methods: Spectrophotometry techniques analyzed the effect of conventional solvent extraction on betalains and polyphenolic compounds from beetroot peels. Several treatments by varying for factors (ethanol and citric acid concentration, temperature, and time) were applied to the beetroot peel samples. A Central Composite Design (CCD) has been used to investigate the effect of the extraction parameters on the extraction steps and optimize the betalains and total polyphenols extraction from beetroot. A quadratic model was suggested for all the parameters analyzed and used. (3) Results: The maximum and minimum variables investigated in the experimental plan in the coded form are citric acid concentration (0.10–1.5%), ethanol concentration (10–50%), operating temperature (20–60 °C), and extraction time (15–50 min). The experimental design revealed variation in betalain content ranging from 0.29 to 1.44 mg/g DW, and the yield of polyphenolic varied from 1.64 to 2.74 mg/g DW. The optimized conditions for the maximum recovery of betalains and phenols were citric acid concentration 1.5%, ethanol concentration 50%, temperature 52.52 °C, and extraction time 49.9 min. (4) Conclusions: Overall, it can be noted that the extraction process can be improved by adjusting operating variables in order to maximize the model responses.

scholarly journals Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Anorganik dan Organik di Tanah Inceptisol

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Baharuddin AB ◽  
R Sri Tejo Wulan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

The use of inorganic fertilizers has an important role in increasing plant growth and production. But it also causes various problems such as decreasing soil organic matter, soil acidity, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, it needs to be balanced with the provision of organic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of various doses of inorganic and organic fertilizers on N, P, K nutrient uptake and maize plant growth. The experimental design used was a randomized block design arranged in a factorial manner consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer (A): 0, 150 and 300 kg ha-1 phonska and the second factor is organic fertilizer plus (P): 0, 10, 20 tons ha-1. The two factors were combined and each treatment combination was repeated three times. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that there was no interaction between the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P and K. However, the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on all tested agronomic traits except for plant height. Nutrient uptake of N, P and K also increased significantly due to the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The balance of inorganic and organic fertilizer application increases the availability of nutrients as well as the uptake of N, P, and K nutrients by maize plants.

scholarly journals Peran Pupuk Organik dalam Peningkatan Efisiensi Pupuk Anorganik pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Totong Siwanto ◽  
Sugiyanta , ◽  
Maya Melati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT<br />Application of organic fertilizer into the soil is designated as a source of macro, micro nutrients and organic acids; it also acts as soil ameliorant that improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Application of high rates organic fertilizer has a constraint namely the availability and ease of application. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the use of organic fertilizer with low rates to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of paddy rice, as well as the efficiency of N, P, K inorganic fertilizer. Field experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Research Station, University Farm IPB, Bogor, West Java from September to December 2013. The experiment used Randomized Block Design consisted of two factors: rates of organic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1), and rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1). The results suggested that the application of 1,000 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 did not show significant interaction. Application of organic fertilizer alone up to 1,000 kg ha-1 resulted in low growth and yield. Increasing rates of  application up to 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 increased the growth and yield of paddy rice. The highest N efficiency was 89.19% at a rate of 500 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 200 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1, whereas the highest efficiency of P and K, respectively were 69.55% and 92.52% at a rate of 750 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 300 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1.<br />Keywords: NPK, organic fertilizer, paddy rice

scholarly journals Peningkatan Mutu Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon cablin) dalam Proses Pemurnian Minyak Nilam Aceh Jaya dan Aceh Selatan dengan Metode Kompleksometri

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-318
Author(s):  
Rahmat Akbar Manalu ◽  
Anshar Patria ◽  
Syarifah Rohaya
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Purification ◽  
Purification Method ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
D Region ◽  
Chelating Compounds

Abstrak : Pemurnian merupaakan proses penghilangan bahan-bahan yang tidak diinginkan dari minyak nilam hasil penyulingan. Metode pemurnian terbagi atas dua cara yaitu pemurnian secara kimia dan pemurnian secara fisik. Pengkelatan atau kompleksometri adaalah pengikatan logaam dengan cara menambbahkan senyawa pengkelat dan memmbentuk komplek logam senyawa pengkeelat. Proses pengkelat metode sama dengan adsorben, akan tetapi senyawa adsorben diganti dengan senyawa pengkelat. Senyawa pengkelat yang cukup dikenal dalam proses pemurnian minyak atsiri antara lain EDTA, asam sitratt, asam mallat, dan asam tartarrat. Peneliitian ini menggunakaan rancangan acaak kelomppok (RAK) faktorial yang terrdiri dari 2 fakktor. Faktor pertama yaitu asal daerah minyak nilam yang terdiri dari 2 taraf (D1=Aceh Selatan dan D2=Aceh Jaya). Faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi senyawa EDTA yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (H1=1,5%, H2=2% dan H3=2,5%). Faktor asal daerah minyak nilam (D) berpengaruh ssangat nyataa terhadap nilai bobot jenis dan indeks bias juga berpengaruh nyata terhadap bilangan asam. Senyawa EDTA dapat menurunkan kadar Fe pada minyak nilam sebesar 34,8-38,0 %.Abstract : Purification is the process of removing undesirable materials from distilled patchouli oil. The purification method is divided into two ways, that is chemical purification and physical purification. Corrosion or complexometric is binding of metal by adding chelating compounds and making a metal complex of chelating compound. Chelating process is same as the adsorbent, but the adsorbent compound is replaced with chelating composition. Chelating compounds that are well known in the process of refining essential oils include EDTA, citric acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid. This sstudy used a Randoized Block Design (RDB) factorial consisting two factors. The first factor is the origin of patchouli oil which consists of 2 levels (D1 = South Aceh and D2 = Aceh Jaya). The second factor is the composition of EDTA which consists of 3 levels (H1 = 1.5%, H2 = 2% and H3 = 2.5%). Factors from patchouli oil (D) region have a very significant effect on the value of density and the refractive index also has a significant effect on acid numbers. EDTA compounds can reduce Fe content in patchouli oil by 34.8-38.0%.

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