Karakteristik Hasil Tanaman Kedelai Akibat Aplikasi Berbagai Dosis Herbisida Oksifluorfen dan Pendimethalin

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil tanaman kedelai akibat aplikasi herbisida oksifluorfen dan pendimethalin. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dari Mei hingga Agustus 2019 di Desa Rumpeet dan Laboratorium Ilmu Gulma, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala. Desain penelitian ini menggunakaan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial 2 x 5 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor-faktor yang diteliti adalah jenis herbisida yakni terdapat 2 taraf (Oksifluorfen dan Pendimethalin) dan dosis herbisida yakni terdapat 5 taraf (Kontrol, 0,5, 1, 1,5 dan 2 kg b.a ha-1). Adapun hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti membuktikan bahwa jenis herbisida dan dosis herbisida tidak mempengaruhi peubah jumlah polong per tanaman, berat biji per tanaman, berat 100 biji, dan hasil biji kering. Tidak ditemukan interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut terhadap peubah yang diamati. Saran untuk selanjutnya perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai berbagai variasi jenis dan dosis herbisida lainnya terhadap hasil kedelai.Characteristics of Soybean Yields Due to Application of Various Dosages of Herbicides oxyfluorphene and pendimethalinAbstract. This research aims to determine the yield of soybean plants due to the application of oxyfluorphene and pendimethalin herbicides. This research was conducted in May to August 2019 in Rumpeet Village and Weed Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University. The design used was a Randomized Factorial Block Design 2 x 5 with 3 replications. The factors observed were the type of herbicide consisting of 2 levels (Oxyfluorphene and Pendimethalin) and the dosages of the herbicide consisting of 5 levels (Control, 0,5, 1, 1,5 and 2 kg a.i ha-1). The results of research conducted by researchers prove that the type of herbicide and dosage of herbicide does not affect the number of pods per plant, weight of seeds per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and yield of dried seeds. No interaction was found between these two factors with the observed variables. Suggestions for further research needs to be done on a variety of types and dosages of other herbicides on soybean yields.

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Potensi Terang Bulan, Kirinyuh dan Nimba Sebagai Mulsa pada Tanaman Kedelai

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v3i4.9419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 142-148

Author(s):

Shella Wahyuni Migawati ◽

Siti Hafsah ◽

Hasanuddin Hasanuddin

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Science Laboratory ◽

Weed Science ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Materials Used ◽

The Right ◽

Pod Number ◽

Banda Aceh

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan jenis dan dosis mulsa gulma terang bulan, kirinyuh dan nimba yang tepat terhadap hasil tanaman kedelai, serta interaksi antara keduanya terhadap hasil tanaman kedelai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Rumpeet Meunasah Manyang, Kecamatan Krueng Barona Jaya, Aceh Besar, serta di Laboratorium Ilmu Gulma, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh dari Januari sampai April 2018. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih kedelai dega-1, yang diperoleh dari Balai Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi (Balitkabi), Malang. Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 4 dengan 3 ulangan. Jenis mulsa tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah polong tanaman-1, jumlah biji tanaman-1, bobot biji tanaman-1, bobot 100 butir dan hasil biji kering kedelai. Dosis mulsa organik berpengaruh terhadap jumlah polong tanaman-1 dan hasil biji kering kedelai, Dosis 24 ton ha-1 dapat meningkatkan jumlah polong tanaman-1 dan hasil biji kering. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara jenis dan dosis mulsa gulma. The Potential of Mexican Sunflower, Siam Weed and Neem As Weeds Mulch in Soybean Plants Abstrack: This Study aims to obtain types and the right mulch dosage of mexican sunflower, siam weed and neem for soybean yields, and both interaction to yields. This research was conducted on Teuku Nyak Arief Street, Rumpeet Village Meunasah Manyang, Kreung Barona Jaya districts, Aceh Besar, and in Weed Science Laboratory, faculty of Agriculture, University of Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh from January to April 2018. The materials used is soybean seeds variety of Dega-1 that collected from Balai Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi (Balitkabi), Malang. This research using Randomized Completely Block Design with Factorial pattern 3 x 4 repeated 3 times. Types of weed mulch has no effects to number of plants pod, number of plants seeds, grains weight, 100 grains weight and dry yields. Weeds mulch dosage has effects to number of pod-1 and dry yields. On 24 tons ha-1 can increase number of pod-1 and dry yields. There is no interaction between weeds type and weed mulch dosage.

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Application of Humic Acid and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Increase Growth and Yields of Soybean in Ultisol

TERRA Journal of Land Restoration ◽

10.31186/terra.3.2.56-64 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 56-64

Author(s):

Rahayu Arraudah ◽

Yudhy Harini Bertham ◽

Hesti Pujiwati ◽

Bambang Gonggo Murcitro ◽

Entang Inoriah Sukarjo

Keyword(s):

Humic Acid ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Block Design ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Two Factors ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Research Stage

Soybean is one of the most popular food crops for the community, but the needs for soybeans have not been fulfilled by soybean production. To meet the needs of soybeans, it is necessary to intensify agricultural land in Ultisol. This study aims to obtain the optimum concentration of humic acid and dosage of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) to increase soybean plants' production in Ultisols. This research was conducted from January to April 2020 in Beringin Raya Village, Muara Bangkahulu District, Bengkulu City, at an altitude of 10 m above sea level. The research design used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) two factors with three replications, arranged factorially in experimental units. The first factor is the concentration of humic acid, consisting of 4 levels: 0, 15, 30, and 45 mL L-1 . The second factor is the dose of AMF, consisted of 3 levels, namely: 0, 2.5, and 5 g plant-1. The results showed that the maximum soybean growth and yield in Ultisols were obtained from the humic acid concentration at 45 mL L-1 at the dose of AMF at 2.5 g plant-1 . The resulting production potential is 1.99 tons ha-1 . The administration of humic acid or AMF independently at this research stage had not yet given a maximum response to the growth and yield of soybean in Ultisol.

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Productive performance of soybean plants originated from seed lots with increasing vigor levels

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v41n2199320 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 151-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José Ricardo Bagateli ◽

Caio Sippel Dörr ◽

Luis Osmar Braga Schuch ◽

Géri Eduardo Meneghello

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging Test ◽

Aging Test ◽

Two Factors ◽

Soybean Plants

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive performance of soybean crops, in response to the use of seeds from lots with increasing vigor levels. The study was developed during the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016crops. In the first period, 14 treatments were evaluated, consisting of two factors, two genotypes (Syn 1059RR and NK7059RR), and seven seed lots. In the second seven treatments were considered, involving one genotype (Syn 1158RR) and seven seed lots. In both crop years, seed lots had vigor levels of 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 and 95%, as determined by the accelerated aging test. The experiment was performed in a randomized block design, with a factorial scheme and five replications. Plant height, yield components, and grain yield were assessed throughout the culture cycle. The reflex of seed vigor in crop performance depended on the genotype employed. Also, there was an increase in both vegetative and reproductive performances of the crop as a function of seed vigor level. In this sense, every percentage point augmented in the vigor level of the lots resulted in a grain yield expansion of up to 28 kg.ha-1.

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Allelopathic potential of siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L.) extract for enhancing soybean productivity

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/922/1/012003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 922 (1) ◽

pp. 012003

Author(s):

H Hasanuddin ◽

S Hafsah ◽

G Erida ◽

A Marliah ◽

H Bahri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Soybean Plant ◽

Chromolaena Odorata ◽

Plant Weight ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors

Abstract Many tropical invasive species have strong allelopathic effects. Chromolaena odorata is reported to have the best potential to act as bioherbicide against several weeds on crops. This research was conducted in May-September 2019 to evaluate the efficacy of C. odorata extract on soybean plant. This study employed Randomized Block Design (RBD) Factorial with two factors. The first factor was 4 different doses of C. odorata extracts: 0, 8, 16 and 24 tons ha−1. The second factor was 3 different times of application: 0, 7 and 14 days after planting. Variables observed were number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds and dry seed yield. The findings indicated that the extract did have effect on seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds and yield of dry seeds. The application of extract 16-24 tons ha−1 has improved the seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and yield of dry seeds. There was no interaction between siam weed extract and time of application in all variables observed.

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Serangan Cendawan Sclerotium rolfsii Pada Beberapa Varietas Kedelai yang Ditanam di Beberapa Sistem Tanam Kelapa / Damage of Sclerotium rolfsii Fungus on Saveral Varieties of Soybean Planting Under Coconut Palm

Buletin Palma ◽

10.21082/bp.v17n2.2016.139-146 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 139

Author(s):

A. A. Lolong ◽

Salim Salim ◽

N. L. Barri

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽

Future Research ◽

Open Area ◽

Stem Blight ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Blight Disease ◽

Planting Distance

Patogen of Sclerotium rolfsii caused of stem blight disease as a major disease of the soyabean plant because of the dead soyabean plant and spread very fast. This study aims to determine the soybean stem blight disease at three cropping (planting distance), namely coconut planting distance 5 x 12 m, 5 x 16 m and open area. The study was conducted using a randomized block design with 3 x 3 factorial experiments with three replications and using of two factors. Each replication consists of 555 trees of soybeans so that the number of plants observed as many as 14.985 tree of soybeans. The first factor is planting distance (A) consisting of three treatments, namely an open area (A0), the planting distance of 5 x 16 m (A1), the planting distance of 5 x 12 m (A2) and the second factor is soybean varieties (B) consists of varieties Kaba (B0), Wilis (B1) and Sinabung (B2). Observations were made each week with a seven-week long observation. Laboratory observations include for color and form of colonies, form of sclerotia. Field observations include the number of diseased plants (%) and symptoms that appear in the diseased plants. The results showed that the soybean stem blight disease really caused by the fungus of S. rolfsii. The symptom with wilting and fungus white hyfa growth at the soybean stem under the soil. The fungus pathogen of S. rolfsii attack the soybean plants grown in the open area and planted as an intercrop under the coconut. The highest attacking was found incoconut planting distance 5 x 12 m compared with a spacing of 16 m x 5 coconut and open area. The level of attacks on soybean varieties Sinabung, Kaba and Wilis are respectively 21.75%, 20.77% and 19.77%. The lowest rate attacking was found is Kaba varieties (5,31%) planted on open area. Future research is needed to select soybean varieties that suitable under coconut.ABSTRAKPatogen Sclerotium rolfsii penyebab penyakit hawar batang kedelai merupakan penyakit penting tanaman kedelai karena serangannya mengakibatkan tanaman mati dan penyebarannya sangat cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat serangan penyakit hawar batang pada tanaman kedelai yang ditanam pada tiga pola tanam (jarak tanam ) kelapa yaitu jarak tanam 5 x 12 m, 5 x 16 m dan areal terbuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan percobaan faktorial 3 x 3, dengan menggunakan dua faktor,faktor pertama adalah jarak tanam kelapa (A) terdiri atas 3 perlakuan yaitu lahan terbuka (A0), jarak tanam 5 x 16 m (A1), jarak tanam 5 x 12 m (A2) dan Faktor kedua adalah varietas kedelai (B) terdiri atas varietas Kaba (B0), varietas Wilis (B1) dan varietas Sinabung (B2) dengan tiga ulangan. Setiap ulangan terdapat 555 tanaman kedelai yang diamati sehingga total tanaman yang diamati adalah 14.985 tanaman. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap minggu dengan lama pengamatan selama tujuh minggu dan meliputi pengamatan laboratorium mencakup warna koloni, bentuk koloni, dan bentuk perkecambahan sklerotia. Pengamatan lapangan mencakup jumlah tanaman sakit (%) dan gejala yang muncul pada tanaman sakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kedelai adalah penyakit hawar batang kedelai yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Sclerotium rolfsii. Gejala nampak layu dengan hifa yang berwarna putih halus seperti rambut pada batang dekat dengan tanah. Serangan terjadi pada tanaman kedelai yang ditanam pada areal terbuka dan yang ditanam sebagai tumpangsari dibawah kelapa. Serangan tertinggi terdapat pada jarak tanam kelapa 5 x 12 m dibandingkan dengan jarak tanam kelapa 5 x 16 m dan lahan terbuka. Tingkat serangan pada varitas kedelai Sinabung, Kaba dan Wilis berturut-turut sebasar 21,75%, 20,77% dan 19,77%. Lahan terbuka tingkat serangan terendah ditemukan pada varietas Kaba, yaitu 5,31%. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk seleksi varietas kedelai yang lebih sesuai di bawah kelapa.

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Respons Pertumbuhan, Fisiologi, dan Produksi Kedelai terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Nitrogen dengan Dosis dan Waktu yang Berbeda

Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia ◽

10.18343/jipi.26.1.24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 24-31

Author(s):

Firdaus Puja Santana ◽

Munif Ghulamahdi ◽

Iskandar Lubis

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Planting Date ◽

Seed Filling ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Filling Phase ◽

Soybean Plants

Fertilization is needed to support the growth of soybean plants. Nitrogen is a type of fertilizer that is needed by soybeans in considerable amounts. Aplication of nitrogen at different times is able to affect the production and quality of soybean seeds. The purpose of this study was to attain information about the morphology, physiology, and production responses of two soybean varieties to the supply of N. This research was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Station, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor Regency. This study used a completely randomized block design with two factors, namely two soybean varieties consisting of Tanggamus and Biosoy 1, and four combinations of N fertilizer doses that were without N fertilization, fertilized N at planting date, fertilized N at the seed filling phase, and fertilized N at planting date+seed filling phase with two replications. The dosage of urea fertilizer used was 25 kg ha-1, so that the N dosages is obtained 11,5 kg ha-1. The results showed that the application of N fertilizers at planting and during the seed filling phase (N3) was an effective time to increase soybean production. Keywords: fertilization, morphology, seed quality

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Treatment of soybean seeds of different levels of physiological quality with amino acids

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v40n4199311 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 407-414

Author(s):

Caio Sippel Dörr ◽

Tainan Lopes de Almeida ◽

Luis Eduardo Panozzo ◽

Luis Osmar Braga Schuch

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Block Design ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Commercial Product ◽

Physiological Performance ◽

Two Factors ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Different Levels

Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of seed treatment at different levels of physiological quality with amino acids on the performance of seeds and plants in the field. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications involving a combination of two factors. Factor A consisted of seed lots of three levels of physiological quality (high, intermediate, and low) and factor B consisted of five doses of a commercial product based on amino acids used in seed treatment.Seeds of different levels of physiological quality were treated with a commercial product (C.P.) at doses of 0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mL C.P. 100 kg−1 of seeds. After seed treatment, the physiological performance was assessed in the laboratory and then the seeds were sowed in the field aiming at assessing plant performance, yield components, and productivity. Seed treatment with amino acids does not promote the physiological performance of seeds and plants in the field. The productivity of isolated soybean plants from seed lots of a high physiological quality is 15% higher than that of plants from seed lots of a low physiological quality.

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Interaction Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Curd Yield and Seed Production of Cauliflower

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i930603 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 216-225

Author(s):

Sonia Rashid Sony ◽

Farzana Islam ◽

Mahmoda Akter ◽

Md. Saidur Rahman ◽

Md. Mofizur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Block Design ◽

Point Of View ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Plant Weight ◽

Two Factors

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the interaction effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on curd yield and seed production of cauliflower. Study Design: The experiment was laid out at a randomized complete block design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: Research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, from September 2016 to March 2017. Methodology: The experiment consisted of two factors comprising three levels of nitrogen (270, 220,170 kg ha-1) and three levels of phosphorus (160,130,100 kg ha-1) with control of each nutrient. There were 10 treatment combinations resulting in 30 unit plots where each plot had two rows of 6 plants. Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizer were applied as per treatment in the form of Urea and TSP as a top dressing in two equal splits at the time of transplanting and 15 days after transplanting. Results: All the characters related to growth and yield of cauliflower showed significant variation by nitrogen and phosphorus levels at different days after transplanting. Among the different treatment combinations, N270P160 produced maximum plant height (50 cm), leaf area (700 cm2), plant weight (1003 g), curd diameter (18.3 cm), marketable curd weight (601 g) and marketable curd yield (18.5 t) at harvesting compared to control where nitrogen and phosphorus were not used. Moreover, the largest number of leaves (21.3) and curd weight (346 g) was observed by treatment combinations N220P160 at harvesting. For seed production, the highest number of siliqua plant -1 (1461), 1000 seed weight (4 g), seed yield plant-1 (41.1 g) seed yield ha-1 (1.5 t) and germination (97.7%)was also found from N270P160while the maximum number of seeds siliqua-1(20.5) was revealed by N220P160 compared to control treatment. Considering a different point of view, treatment combinations N270P160 can be marked more convenient for cauliflower production than others. Conclusion: It is concluded that the combinations of nitrogen (270 kg ha-1) and phosphorus (160 kg ha-1) would be appropriate for curd yield and seed production of cauliflower.

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THE RESPONSE OF THE MUNG BEANS PLANT (Vigna radiate L.) ON THE DOSAGE OF LEGIN AND MANURE

Agrivet ◽

10.31315/agrivet.v25i1.4171 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Deonisio Sequeira Araujo ◽

Tutut Wirawati ◽

Mofit Eko Poerwanto

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Research Station ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Plant Weight ◽

Damage Level ◽

Vigna Radiate ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Special Region

Aims of, the research were to discover the influence the legin (legume) inoculation and the manure dosage to the growth and yield of the mug beans. The research was conducted at the research station at Wedomartani, District of Sleman, the Special Region of Yogyakarta. From June up to August 2018. Field experiment was arranged on the Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors, and repeated for three times. The first factor was legin application consisted of three levels, 9 g of legin/kg seeds, 12 g of legin/kg seeds, 15 g of legin/kg seeds. The second factor was cow manure dosage application consisted of five, dosage levels 0 ton/ha, 5 tons/ha, 10 tons/ha, 15 tons/ha, 20 tons/ha. The results of the research showed that the dosage of the manure had influence to the plant’s height and the leave’s chlorophyll. The best dosage of the manure is 10 tons/ha. The dosage of legin had influence on the plant’s height, leave’s chlorophyll, number of nodules, number of pods per plant, weight of sun dried seeds per plant, weight of sun dried seeds per plot, weight of 100 seeds and weight of sun dried seeds in ton/ha. The best dosage of the legin wais 15 g legin/kg seeds. The damage level of the plant did not influenced by the dosage of manure and legin. There was no interaction between the dosage of manure and legin in all observed parameters.Keyword: Mug beans, legin, cow manure.

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Potensi mikroba penambat nitrogen dan pelarut fosfat untuk optimalisasi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai

Agromix ◽

10.35891/agx.v12i1.2340 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 68-73

Author(s):

Miftah Dieni Sukmasari ◽

Acep Atma Wijaya ◽

Umar Dani ◽

Sri Umyati

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Optimal Dose ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Nitrogen Fixing ◽

Area Index ◽

Plant Weight ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Phosphate Solubilizing ◽

The University

This study aims to evaluate the effect of nitrogen-fixing microbes and phosphate solubilizing microbes on the growth and yield of soybean. Research conducted in practicum land Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Majalengka from January to May 2019. The method used in this research was a factorial randomized block design consisting of 16 treatments repeated three times. The first factor was inoculant of nitrogen-fixing microbial (n), which consists of n0 (without inoculation), n1 (5 g inoculation MPN/kg seeds), n2 (10 g inoculation MPN/kg seeds), n3 (15 g inoculation MPN/kg seeds). The second factor was phosphate solubilize microbe (b) consists of b0 (0 kg/ha of phosphate solubilizing microbes), b1 (50 kg/ha of phosphate solubilizing microbes), b2 (100 kg/ha of phosphate solubilizing microbes), and b3 (150 kg/ha of phosphate solubilizing microbes). The differences between average were tested using Duncan's multiple range test. The analysis showed that the application of both nitrogen-fixing microbial and phosphate solubilize microbes was an effect on the growth and yield of soybean plants. N-fixing microbes and phosphate solvents effect on plant height, the number of productive branches, leaf area index, except on the number of filled pods, the number of grain per plant, weight of 100 grains, the weight of grain per plant, and weight of grain/plot, most optimal dose is 150 kg/ha MPF. The most optimal dose is 5 g for MPN inoculation and 100 kg/ha for MPF on the mean of the observed variables.

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