Kajian sosial ekonomi pada petani garam di wilayah Madura

As one of the islands in Indonesia , Madura is one of the salt-producing centers in Indonesia , thus earning the nickname as the Salt Island. Therefore, almost 80% of the population in Madura have a livelihood as salt farmers and including salt farmers in Bunder Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency. However, the weak adoption power of Madura salt farmers in Bunder Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency to the new technology, namely geomembrane, has a very significant socio-economic impact on salt farmers. So the purpose of this study was to examine the socio-economic conditions of Madura salt farmers in Bunder Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency. Data were collected through primary data (observations and interviews) and secondary data. The data obtained from the results of the study were processed using qualitative analysis (income analysis) and quantitative analysis (range score analysis of BPS welfare indicators in 2015) to ensure the socio-economic conditions of Madura salt farmers in Bunder Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency. The results showed that (1) The average monthly income of salt farmers was IDR 1,784,416 per hectare per month (2) The average range score of Madura salt farmers based on the BPS welfare indicators in 2020 was in the poor category.

Pengaruh pelatihan pengolahan hasil ubi kayu dan ubi jalar di Balai Besar Pelatihan Pertanian Ketindan terhadap peningkatan kinerja penyuluh pertanian

This study aims to determine the effect of training on processing cassava and sweet potato products held at the Indonesia Centre for Agricultural Training (ICAT) of Ketindan and determine the correlation between the participants' areas of origin on improving the performance of agricultural instructors. This research method uses data sources that come from the field obtained by interviewing alumni, fostered farmers, colleagues, and alumni superiors with a survey using a questionnaire. The results of the data were analyzed descriptively and correlated using SPSS Software Version 18 for Windows. The general research results show that the training that has been carried out in 2014, 2015, and 2017 has an effect on increasing the performance of agricultural instructors by 63.20%. This is measured by 3 (three) indicators, namely 1) preparation of agricultural extension by 3.40 or 68.00%; 2) implementation of agricultural extension 2.77 or 55.40%; and 3) evaluation and reporting of 3.29 or 65.80%. The results of the correlation between the participants' regions of origin and the performance of the extension workers showed that the highest performance achievement was 77 and the lowest was 26. Thus, the extension workers could show good performance in disseminating the application of technological innovations for processing cassava and sweet potato products to farmers or their fostered business actors which affected increasing cassava and sweet potato production and productivity.

Penerapan lean manufacturing dalam mereduksi pemborosan pada raw material bumbu dengan metode PDCA

PT. XYZ is a manufacturing company that produces processed food. Instant noodles is one of the type product that produced by PT. XYZ, which contains raw material for spice as one of the main complementary material. This research focused on the waste of raw material for instant noodles seasoning. The purpose of this research is to reduce the waste and to determine which factors that cause waste. This study using Plan Do Check Action method which is expected to reduce waste that occurs within the company. The highest waste within 18 days of production was 15.28%, the lowest was -2.3% and there was no waste, and the average waste during that period was 3.2%. the result of the highest and dominant factor in the waste of raw material was the lack of skill of the operator was just moved from screw division, thus they didn’t know how to operate machine. While the second factor was the lack of maintenance of the machine by quality control departement for pitch standardization. And the third factor was the cutter knife didn’t really cut because of the cutter block.

Pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan minuman fermentasi kombucha lengkuas merah (Alpinia purpurata)

Fermentation is one way to increase bioactive compounds in various food products. Kombucha is a beverage product from traditional fermentation which involves fermenting sugar dissolved in tea with symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). Kombucha is usually made from a tea solution and not many use spices to make kombucha. In this study, red galangal kombucha will be made. The method used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a variation of fermentation time (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 10) days. Parameters to be analyzed are pH, total phenol, and antioxidant activity. The results obtained are that the length of fermentation affects pH, total phenolic and antioxidant activity of red galangal kombucha drink. The pH of the red galangal kombucha drink decreased along with the length of fermentation. The most optimal total phenolic and antioxidant activity obtained at 8 days of fermentation were 854.64±0.07 gGAE/ml and 89.75±0.06%.

Efisiensi teknis usahatani kentang pada luas lahan yang berbeda di kabupaten Pasuruan

Potatoes are upland vegetable crops, which is the superior plant of Tosari District, Pasuruan Regency. Tosari potatoes are the largest contributor to production in East Java. The farmer profession is the main profession in this area, inherited from the family. The land area owned is inherited from the family. The agricultural land area varies, but still found farmers with a land area of more than one hectare. In this study, respondents were divided into two groups, namely farmers with a land area of ≥ 1 hectare called cluster I and respondent farmers with a land area of ≤ 0.5 hectares called cluster II. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of production inputs on potato production, to analyze the level of technical efficiency of potato farmers with different land areas, to analyze the factors affecting the level of technical efficiency. The study was conducted by interviewing 49 respondent farmers in Cluster I and 70 respondent farmers in Cluster II. This study uses the Cobb Douglas production function, the analytical methods used are the Stochastic Analysis Frontier (SFA) and the Tobit regression analysis. The results showed that the production inputs that had a significant effect on production in cluster I were seeds, fertilizers, and manure, while in cluster II were fertilizers and pesticides. The level of technical efficiency of farmers who have a land area of ≥ 1 hectare is greater than farmers with a land area of ≤0.5 hectares. The land area has a significant effect on the level of technical efficiency.

Pengaruh sistem monokultur dan tumpangsari antara sayuran dan Crotalaria juncea L. terhadap akumulasi Pb, biomassa, dan hasil tanaman

Intercropping system that involves planting multispecies between accumulator plants and cultivated plants is a way to improve the phytoextraction of heavy metals in agricultural land simultaneously. However, how the effect of accumulator plants on the growth and yield of cultivated plants has not been widely studied. This study aims to determine the growth and yield of vegetables intercropped with accumulator plants from the legume group, namely Crotalaria juncea L. The study was carried out using a randomized block design with one factor, namely Chinese vegetable monoculture (P1), bean vegetable monoculture (P2), and accumulator plant monoculture. Crotalaria juncea L. (P3), an intercropping system between Chinese cabbage and Crotalaria juncea L. (P4; and an intercropping system of beans and Crotalaria juncea L (P5). The results showed that in Chinese cabbage, monoculture planting produced biomass and crop yields. per plant and per plot was higher than the crops grown by intercropping. In the bean crop, monoculture and intercropping systems did not provide differences in biomass yield and fruit yield per plant and per plot. Crotalaria juncea L, which was grown in monoculture produced plant biomass and the yield of the stove per square is higher gi compared to those planted by intercropping. Crotalaria juncea L. intercropped with Chinese cabbage was able to accumulate more Pb in the roots, while Crotalaria juncea intercropped with chickpeas accumulated higher Pb in the stems. Crotalaria juncea plants grown in monoculture accumulated higher Pb than those intercropped with vegetables, so further research is needed to test the effective removal of Pb using other cropping systems.

Analisis kelayakan finansial usaha beras aruk pada masa pandemi covid-19 (studi kasus: kelompok tani Sumber Jaya Desa Tempilang Kabupaten Bangka Barat)

Introduction: During the Covid-19 pandemic, aruk rice became one of the healthy alternative food additives for consumption. Aruk rice is a local food of cultural heritage for the people of Bangka Belitung that must be preserved. This study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of the aruk rice business during the Covid-19 pandemic carried out by the Sumber Jaya Farmers Group, Tempilang Village, West Bangka Regency. Method: The research method used is a case study. Sampling was carried out by census, which took 8 aruk rice makers who produced during the Covid-19 pandemic. Analysis of the financial feasibility of aruk rice business is carried out by calculating NPV, Net B/C ratio, IRR, Payback Period, and BEP. Result: The results showed that during the Covid-19 pandemic, the aruk rice business provided a 12% higher profit, which was Rp. 866,700 per month compared to before the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the financial feasibility analysis, the aruk rice business during the Covid-19 pandemic is still feasible. Based on the results of the financial feasibility analysis at the interest rate of the BRI Micro KUR loan at 6% per year, the NPV value is Rp. 10,400,400, Net B/C ratio is 1.5, IRR is 128%, and the Payback Period or payback period. investment for 4 months 5 days. The aruk rice business will experience a Break Event Point when the income is IDR 218,200 per month, the production is 9 kg per month and the price is IDR 16,200 per kilo. Conclusion: Based on the results of the financial feasibility analysis, the rice aruk business conducted by the Sumber Jaya Farmers Group during the Covid-19 pandemic is still feasible.

Mengembangkan skenario panen porang satu musim melalui manipulasi tanam lebih awal dan perlambatan waktu dorman fase generatif dengan pemberian asam salisilat organik alami di lahan kering Lombok Utara

The research on the scenario of one-season porang harvest through crop manipulation and delaying dormancy time aims to determine the effect of salicylic acid in breaking the dormancy of porang bulbil seeds during seeding and to determine the effect of slowing down the dormant period of the generative phase, so it is expected to be an alternative porang cultivation technology that is profitable for farmers The method used in this study used a completely randomized design experiment on breaking dormancy and a randomized block design in an experiment with slowing down the dormancy time of the generative phase with four salicylic acid concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2%) with eight replicates were planted under rainfed conditions. The results showed that the concentration of salicylic acid (C7H6O3) 2% was the best treatment in increasing tuber weight (52.25%) compared to the control. Application of Salicylic Acid (2%) was significantly able to increase the vegetative growth of porang plants, which was shown by increasing plant height by 50.38% and breaking seed dormancy 14 days faster than the control (without the addition of Salicylic Acid). Furthermore, the delay in dormancy time occurred 1 month later than the control so that it could prolong the vegetative phase. The concentration of 2% salicylic acid is the best treatment, which can be recommended in the development of one-season porang cultivation technology that can increase farmers' profits.

Respon dua genotip kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) dengan pemberian tiga sumber pupuk nitrogen di dataran medium

This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield of two potato genotypes (S) due to three sources of nitrogen (G) fertilizer on medium plains. The study was arranged in a two-factor, randomized block design factorial and was repeated three times. The first factor is the source of N fertilizer, consisting of three levels: S1 = ZA ((NH4)2SO4), S2 = urea (CO(NH2)2), and S3 = ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). The second factor was potato genotype, consisting of two levels G1 = MS 13 genotype and G2 = At 4 genotype. The data obtained were analyzed by F test at 5% level (ANOVA) to determine the effect of treatment and further LSD test was carried out to determine differences between treatments, and multiple regression analysis to determine the most influential factors on potato tuber starch content. The results showed that the highest starch content was obtained by the At 4 genotype of 18,50% and was suitable for medium plains. While the starch content of the MS 13 genotype was 17,53%. For fertilizing nitrogen sources, it is recommended to use ammonium nitrate, because it obtains the highest yield of 27,30 tons ha-1 from other nitrogen fertilizer sources.

Pengaruh switching value terhadap finansial usaha kerupuk ikan cumi (Loligo sp.) di Desa Weru Kecamatan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan

Lamongan Regency is known as the largest fishery area in East Java. This will give benefit on the fishing community in terms of fishermen’s welfare. Most of the fish caught are sold directly to middlemen (tengkulak) and only few fishhermen did the increasing value in the form of processed fish or diversification of products. The purpose of this study was to analyze the financial in Weru Village, Paciran District, Lamongan Regency. This research was conducted from July to October 2020, using primary data with a syrvey method for the business of squid chips processing in Weru Village, Paciran District, Lamongan Regency. The financial feasibility of squid chips processing business is analyzed by using several investment criteria, namely Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Payback Period, Net B/C Ratio. Business sensitivity is analyzed by using switching value. Based on the results of reserach, the business of manufacturing squid chips is feasible. The financial value that can be obtained is the NPV value of Rp. 80,835,098.13, IRR of 61,87 percent, net B/C of 1.81 and payback period of 3 years and 25 days. Meanwhile, the sensitivity analysis shows that the decrease in selling proce is more sensitive than the decrease in the proce of raw materials. The highest increase in the price of raw materials was 39.92 percent and [recenatge of decrease in the selling proce of squid chips with the lowest value was 21,87 percent.