scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 PADA USIA PRODUKTIF DENGAN PENDEKATAN WHO STEPWISE STEP 1 (CORE/INTI) DI PUSKESMAS KENDALKEREP KOTA MALANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Ayu Nindhi Kistianita ◽  
Moch. Yunus ◽  
Rara Warih Gayatri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Dm Type 2 ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

ABSTRACT : Based on data from IDF globally the number of DM sufferers by 2015 is 415 million people and is expectedly by 2040 to increase to 642 million people. DM Type 2 is one of the four major diseases in the category of non-communicable disease (NCDs) that should be addressed immediately. The incidence of DM type 2 is closely related to the number of age. The purpose of this study was to determine risk factor of DM type 2 at productive age  using WHO STEPwise STEP 1 (core) approach at Primary Health Care Kendalkerep Malang City. The type of this research is descriptive analytic with cross sectional study design. The sample size is 88 people at Public Health Center of Primary Health Care Kendalkerep in 1-28 February 2017 which has fulfilled the criteria inclusion, obtained by Quota Sampling. The instrument used is questionnaires WHO STEPwise STEP 1 (core). Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis using chi square test. The results showed a significant correlation between DM type 2 occurrence with history of DM (p = 0.000), fruit and vegetable consumption (p = 0.000), and physical activity (p = 0.000). Keyword : risk factor, DM type  2, STEPwise STEP 1 (core)ABSTRAK : Berdasarkan data dari IDF secara global, jumlah penderita Diabetes Mellitus (DM)  pada tahun 2015 sebanyak 415 juta orang dan diperkirakan pada tahun 2040 akan meningkat menjadi 642 juta orang. DM tipe 2 merupakan satu dari empat penyakit utama dalam kategori Non-Communicable Disease (NCDs) yang harus segera ditangani. Kejadian DM tipe 2 berkaitan erat dengan pertambahan umur seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko DM tipe 2 pada usia produktif menggunakan pendekatan WHO STEPwise STEP 1 (core/inti)  di Puskesmas Kendalkerep Kota Malang. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain studi cross sectional. Besar sampel berjumlah 88 orang di Poli Umum Puskesmas Kendalkerep pada tanggal 1-28 Februari 2017 yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi, diperoleh dengan cara Quota Sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner WHO STEPwise STEP 1 (core/inti). Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kejadian DM tipe 2 dengan riwayat DM (p = 0,000), konsumsi buah dan sayur (p = 0,000), dan aktivitas fisik (p = 0,000).Kata Kunci : faktor risiko, DM tipe 2, STEPwise STEP 1 (core/inti)

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KUALITAS TIDUR DENGAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PUASA PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE II DI PUSKESMAS KASSI-KASSI KOTA MAKASSAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Muhammad Basri ◽  
Baharuddin K ◽  
Sitti Rahmatia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Dm Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan salah satu kelompok penyakit metabolik dan kronis dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau keduaduanya yang membutuhkan perawatan medis dan pendidikan pengelolaan mandiri untuk mencegah komplikasi akut jangka panjang (Nian, 2017). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mendeskripsikan hubungan kualitas tidur dengan kadar glukosa darah Puasa pada pasien DM tipe II di PKM Kassi-Kassikota Makassar. Manfaat : Meningkatkan pengetahuan pada Penderita DM Tipe II yang mengalami gangguan Kwalitas dan Pola Tidur shari-hari Meningkatkan pengetahuan pada Penderita DM Tipe II yang mengalami gangguan Kwalitas dan Pola Tidur shari-hari Metode : Pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik yaitu metode penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Kualitas tidur dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa pada pasien DM Tipe II. Sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan jumlah sampel  55  orang  yaitu  seluruh pasien DM tipe 2 yang menjalani rawat jalan di PKM Kassi-Kassi Kota Makassar. Hasil Uji Statistik Chi Square diperoleh p value 0,000 < 0,05.sehingga peneliti berasumsi bahwa  ada hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien DM Type 2 di Puskesmas Kassi-Kassi Makassar.  Kesimpulan yaitu terdapat hubungan kualitas tidur dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kassi-Kassi Makassar. Saran dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu acuhan bagi pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur dan menjaga kadar glukosa darah puasa

scholarly journals Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan terhadap Outcome Klinik Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laksmy Anggun Larasati ◽  
Tri Murti Andayani ◽  
Susi Ari Kristina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires good therapeutic management and self care to achieve optimal glycemic target. The important barrier to achieve good glycemic control is a lack of knowledge about optimal glycemic targets. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of the level of knowledge to clinical outcome of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yogyakarta and Bantul primary health care. This was an observational study with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique was done by accidental sampling for patients visiting the primary health care from October to December 2018 that involved 200 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who were included in the inclusion criteria. The level of knowledge was measured by the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ)-24 which had 24 questions and the clinical outcome was obtained from laboratory measurement data as well as from medical record data when the patient was in routine control. Sociodemographic data were analyzed descriptively. The relationship between the level of knowledge and clinical outcomes was analyzed using chi square. The results showed that the knowledge level score had an average value of 12. The most incorrect answer was in etiology and diabetes self care, which is eating too much sugar and sweet foods is the cause of diabetes (97%), exercise regularly increasing the need of hormone insulin or diabetes medication (82%), the insulin reaction is caused by too much food (84%) and diabetics should clean the wound with betadine and alcohol (88%). There were 106 (53%) patients who achieved good glycemic control. Chi square test showed no relationship between the level of knowledge of clinical outcomes (p = 0.328). The result of this study may become a material and education content evaluation in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Scoping Review SGLT-2 Inhibitor Efektif dalam Menurunkan Albuminuria pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Virna Wulandari ◽  
Siti Annisa Devi Trusda ◽  
Rika Nilapsari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Inhibitor Drug ◽  
Dm Type 2 ◽  
Non Communicable Disease ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit tidak menular dengan insidensi terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Salah satu komplikasi DM tersering adalah nefropati diabetik yang ditandai dengan albuminuria. Sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) inhibitor merupakan golongan obat antidiabetik yang bersifat insulin independen dan diharapkan menurunkan kejadian kerusakan fungsi ginjal. Kurangnya penelitian dan informasi obat golongan ini di Indonesia menyebabkan peneliti melakukan penelitian dengan tujuan mengetahui efektivitas pemberian obat golongan SGLT-2 inhibitor pada pasien DM tipe 2 terhadap penurunan kejadian albuminuria. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah scoping review, dengan bahan penelitian artikel dari jurnal internasional yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Artikel ini kemudian diseleksi menggunakan diagram PRISMA dengan mempertimbangkan Population (DM tipe 2), Intervention (pemberian SGLT-2 inhibitor), Comparison (plasebo atau anti diabetik lain), Outcome (penurunan albuminuria), Study (RCT dan Cohort retrospective). Didapatkan dari 13 artikel bahwa obat SGLT-2 inhibitor yang digunakan bervariasi yaitu canagliflozon (6), empagliflozin (3), dapagliflozin (2), ertugliflozin (2), dan yang tersering digunakan adalah canagliflozin ditemukan pada 6 artikel (50%). Golongan obat SGLT-2 inhibitor memiliki kecenderungan yang sama, dapat ditoleransi dengan baik dan efektif dalam menurunkan kejadian albuminuria melalui mekanisme perubahan hemodinamik ginjal, dengan urin albumin-kreatinin rasio (UACR) sebagai parameter. Scoping ReviewSGLT-2 Inhibitors Effective to Reduce Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease with an increasing incidence every year. One of the most common complications of DM is diabetic nephropathy which is characterized by albuminuria. Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) Inhibitors is a class of anti-diabetic drugs that are insulin-independent and expected to reduce the incidence of impaired kidney function. The aim of this study was to ensure the effectiveness of SGLT-2 inhibitor drug administration in type 2 DM patients to reduce the incidence of albuminuria. The method used is scoping review, with research articles from international journals sorted by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These articles was selected using the PRISMA diagram by considering Population (DM type 2), Intervention (administration of SGLT-2 inhibitors), Comparison (placebo or other anti-diabetic), Outcome (decreased albuminuria), Study (RCT and retrospective cohort). It was obtained from 13 articles that the SGLT-2 inhibitor drugs used varied, canagliflozon (6), empagliflozin (3), dapagliflozin (2), ertugliflozin (2), and the most commonly used was Canagliflozin found in 6 articles (50%). The SGLT-2 inhibitor class of drugs has the same tendency, well-tolerated, and effective in reducing the incidence of albuminuria through the mechanism of renal hemodynamic changes, with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) as a parameter.

scholarly journals Treatment Burden Of Non-Communicable Diseases On Patients Attending Primary Health Care In Bahrain 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Fatema Almousawi ◽  
Zahra Ayoob ◽  
Amna Shehab ◽  
Ismaeel Bakhsh ◽  
Mahmood Alawainati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Burden ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Adaptation to chronic disease can be challenging. Compliance with medication, adjusting to lifestyle changes, attending health care facilities, and financial costs are among many obstacles encountered. Treatment burden is defined as the effort required by the patient or caregiver to manage the medical conditions of the patient and the impact that this has on their lives. The aim of this study was to help the health care system in establishing new strategies to address the treatment burden on patients with non-communicable diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending non-communicable disease clinics and central diabetic clinics in eight different primary health care centers in Bahrain, using the Treatment Burden Questionnaire through structured interviews. A value of 59 and above was considered as an unacceptable burden according to patient acceptable symptom state (PASS). Results: Of the 411 participants, around 18% had an unacceptable burden. Female subjects reported a five times higher treatment burden. The younger population of less than 65 years scored higher treatment burden by three folds. Injectable medications were associated with a two-fold increase in treatment burden compared to other medication modalities. Conclusion: Although treatment burden is an emerging and insufficiently addressed concept in the literature, this study revealed an overall low treatment burden. Further studies should be conducted to assess treatment burden and suggest strategies accordingly. Health care providers are encouraged to integrate all patient aspects in the management. New recommendations to formulate updated guidelines with the aim of minimizing the treatment burden are warranted. Keywords: Bahrain, Chronic disease, Non-communicable disease, Primary health care, Surveys and Questionnaires

scholarly journals Glycemic Control and Its Factor in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Maifitrianti Maifitrianti ◽  
Nora Wulandari ◽  
Muthoh Haro ◽  
Sifah F. Lestari ◽  
Anisa Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Poor glycemic control is a primary risk factor for the progression of complications. This study aimed to determine the status of glycemic control and associated factors among type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients at primary health care of Cakung District, Kebon Jeruk District and Rawa Bunga Village, Jakarta. This study was conducted from July to August 2019, and adopted a cross-sectional design. The respondents' data included sex, age, occupation, education, long suffered with diabetes, diagnosed chronic disease, antidiabetic and other regular drugs were obtained through a questionnaire. Measurement of glycated haemoglobin A1c level was carried out in a standardized laboratory in Jakarta. A total of 126 respondents met the inclusions and exclusion criteria, of which 70.6% were female. The mean age of patients was 61.46±9.086 years (35–85 years). HbA1c level was measured, and the results showed that 45.2% of respondents had good glycemic control (<7% of HbA1c level), while 54.8% had poor control (≥7% of HbA1c level). On the bivariate analysis, the number of antidiabetics was significantly associated with glycemic control (p<0.05). The poor glycemic control was significantly higher in patients with polytherapy (72.6%) antidiabetic compared to single antidiabetic (37.5%) (p=0.01). These findings highlighted the need for proper management of patients with polytherapy, in order to prevent the complication of type 2 DM.Keywords: Glycemic control, Jakarta, primary health care, type 2 diabetes mellitus Kontrol Gikemik dan Faktor yang Berhubungan pada Pasien dengan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di JakartaAbstrakKontrol glikemik yang buruk merupakan faktor risiko utama terjadinya komplikasi pada pasien diabetes melitus (DM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontrol glikemik dan faktor yang berhubungan pada pasien DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kecamatan Cakung, Kecamatan Kebon Jeruk dan Kelurahan Rawa Bunga, Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli–Agustus 2019. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional. Data responden antara lain jenis kelamin, umur, pekerjaan, pendidikan, lama menderita penyakit DM, penyakit kronis lain yang diderita, obat DM dan obat rutin lain yang digunakan didapatkan melalui instrumen kuisioner. Pengukuran kadar HbA1c dilakukan di laboratorium yang terstandarisasi di Jakarta. Sebanyak 126 responden memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi terlibat dalam penelitian ini, dan sebanyak 70,6% adalah berjenis kelamin perempuan. Usia rata-rata pasien adalah 61,46±9,086 tahun (35–85 tahun). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 45,2% responden memiliki kontrol glikemik yang baik (<7 level HbA1c), sedangkan 54,8% responden memiliki kontrol glikemik yang buruk (≥7 level HbA1c). Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa jumlah antidiabetes yang digunakan berhubungan dengan kontrol glikemik. Kontrol glikemik yang buruk secara signifikan lebih tinggi ditemukan pada pasien dengan politerapi (72,6%) dibandingkan pada pasien dengan terapi tunggal antidiabetes (37,5%) (p=0,01). Temuan ini menyoroti perlunya manajemen yang tepat pada pasien dengan politerapi untuk mencegah komplikasi DM tipe 2.Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, Jakarta, kontrol glikemik, puskesmas

scholarly journals Factors associated with delay in seeking care by tuberculosis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 646-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dândara Nayara Azevêdo Dantas ◽  
Bertha Cruz Enders ◽  
Déborah Raquel Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Caroline Evelin Nascimento Kluczynic Vieira ◽  
Ana Angélica Rêgo de Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
A Value ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Behavioral Variables

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify social, clinical and behavioral factors of tuberculosis patients that are associated with delay in the search for primary health care. Method: This is a cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted with 56 people on treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis in the city of Natal, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The data were collected through a structured instrument. The Chi-square and Fisher tests were applied to test the association between independent and dependent variables (search time). A value of p <0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: No social or clinical variables were statistically associated with patient delays in the search for primary health care. Among the behavioral variables, self-medication and the first health service sought had a statistically significant association with the time for seeking care (p = 0.020, and p = 0.033, respectively). Conclusion: Self-medication contributes to the delay in the search for primary health care by tuberculosis patients.

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