scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Single Slope Solar Still by Integrating with Solar Thermal Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
R. Sivakumaran ◽  
P. Jdihesh
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Solar Pond ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System

The world is facing the state of being scarce of fresh or drinking water and it is the major problem and global challenge. Along with air and food, water is a basic necessity for human. Solar energy is the biggest source of energy available on earth. A solar distillation is one of the methods for purifying salt water to drinking water. In this method fresh water is obtained by exposing a small layer of salt water to solar radiation and the water vaporized from the basin is condensed on the bottom side of a taper transparent cover. It can be collected in receiving troughs at the end of the still. For this research, a solar still has been designed, fabricated and tested under the climate condition of Coimbatore (11.01680 N, 76.9550 E), India from December 2016 to March 2017. The still basin area was 1m2 and the glass cover of still is inclined at 13 degree based on the city latitude. Solar still is integrated with thermal system such as solar photovoltaic system and then with solar pond in order to preheat the feed water thereby increasing the productivity considerably. Experiments were carried out on the still using different parameters and tested for performance. The results showed that the daily production of the conventional solar still was 2 Lit/m2/day and integrated with photovoltaic system and solar pond was 3.1 Lit/m2/day and 2.54 Lit/m2/day respectively.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Single Slope Solar Still by Integrating with Solar Thermal Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
R. Sivakumaran ◽  
P. Jdihesh
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Solar Pond ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System

The world is facing the state of being scarce of fresh or drinking water and it is the major problem and global challenge. Along with air and food, water is a basic necessity for human. Solar energy is the biggest source of energy available on earth. A solar distillation is one of the methods for purifying salt water to drinking water. In this method fresh water is obtained by exposing a small layer of salt water to solar radiation and the water vaporized from the basin is condensed on the bottom side of a taper transparent cover. It can be collected in receiving troughs at the end of the still. For this research, a solar still has been designed, fabricated and tested under the climate condition of Coimbatore (11.01680 N, 76.9550 E), India from December 2016 to March 2017. The still basin area was 1m2 and the glass cover of still is inclined at 13 degree based on the city latitude. Solar still is integrated with thermal system such as solar photovoltaic system and then with solar pond in order to preheat the feed water thereby increasing the productivity considerably. Experiments were carried out on the still using different parameters and tested for performance. The results showed that the daily production of the conventional solar still was 2 Lit/m2/day and integrated with photovoltaic system and solar pond was 3.1 Lit/m2/day and 2.54 Lit/m2/day respectively.

scholarly journals Drinking water desalination using low-cost Tubular Solar Still

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azrina Karima ◽  
Kh. Md. Shafiul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Population Urbanization

Abstract Growing freshwater scarcity in arid and remote areas usually is caused by the growth of population, urbanization and industrialization and the rather limited natural resources of potable water. In coastal belt of southwest region of Bangladesh, groundwater contains high salinity as well as excessive arsenic contamination. Though pond sand filter and rainwater harvesting system are usually used to meet the freshwater demand throughout the year in this area, along with these, household-based solar desalination could be a good source of drinking water in this region. In this study, a low-cost Tubular Solar Still (TSS) was designed using locally available materials to meet such demand. It was consisted of a tubular frame (0.00275 m thick helical GI wire, 1.0 m long and 0.2 m in diameter) and a rectangular tray (1.0 m × 0.16 m × 0.05 m ) covered with black polythene paper. The collection bottle was kept in an insulation box. The field experiment on the constructed TSS was carried out on the rooftop of Civil Engineering Department building from June 25, 2011, to June 20, 2012. Daily distilled output from the TSS was collected approximately 2 h after sunset. The maximum daily production rate was found as 3.83 l/m2 in May 2012. The production cost of distilled water is estimated as 0.39 BDT/L or 0.0046 USD/L. The application of this process can fulfill the demand of freshwater for drinking purpose for single household in coastal areas.

scholarly journals Performance analysis of basin-type vertical multiple-effect diffusion solar still integrated with solar pond: energy, exergy and economical analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurprinder Singh Dhindsa ◽  
Madhup Kumar Mittal ◽  
Gurpreet Singh Sokhal ◽  
Kamaljit Singh Sokhal ◽  
Nima Khalilpoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Multiple Effect ◽  
Solar Pond ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Daily Energy

Abstract An experimental analysis was carried out with basin-type vertical multiple-effect diffusion solar still coupled with solar pond (BVMEDS-SP) to evaluate 24 hours overall performance of still by varying feed flow rate and temperature in addition to other affecting parameters. A solar pond was utilized to harness solar energy diurnal and the same energy was provided to basin water nocturnal in batch mode to produce distillate throughout the day. It can be seen that the daily energy and exergy performance of BVMEDS-SP having four effects was improved by 21.74% and 16.83%, respectively, when the feed flow rate was reduced from 0.32 g/m2/s to 0.13 g/m2/s. As the temperature of feed water was enhanced from 25.65°C to 32.4°C, the daily energy and exergy efficiency of BVMEDS-SP correspondingly increased by 41.76% and 46.62%. In addition, increasing the number of effects from 2 to 5 improved the overall energy and exergy efficiency to 93.15% and 171.80%, respectively. The cost analysis revealed that cost of distillate for 2-effect still was Rs. 4.64/kg and it reduced to Rs. 3.11/kg for 7-effect still. A productivity correlation was furthermore developed and estimated that the experimental database of current research was in good agreement with the error band of −5% to +10%.

Innovation of Solar Desalination System Coupled with Solar Collector: Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-111
Author(s):  
Mokhless Boukhriss ◽  
Kamel Zarzoum ◽  
Med Ali Maatoug ◽  
Mahdi Timoumi
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
World Population ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Water Collector

The supply of drinking water is a growing problem especially for developing countries because of the industrial development, intensified agriculture, improvement of standard of life and increase of the world population. For this reason, purification of water supplies is extremely important. Solar stills are used for solar distillation plants due to its simplicity in construction and operation, low cost and however the yield is low. Because of its low productivity it is not popularly used. A lot of research work is undertaken to improve the productivity of the still. This paper presents the new design of solar distillation system coupled to a condenser, solar air and water collector and packed bed. This new concept of distiller solar still using humidification- dehumidification processes which is exploited for the desalination purpose. The experiment is carried out during the summer climatic conditions of Tunisia. The productivity in a solar still mainly depends on the temperature difference between the evaporation tower water and the condensation tower for a given surface area. The results clearly show that the instantaneous efficiency increases with the increase of solar radiation and with the increase of feed water temperature.

scholarly journals THE PERFORMANCE OF A SINGLE SLOP SOLAR DISTILLER WHEN USING A TWO REFLECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Yaseen. H. MAHMOOD ◽  
Abeer Ibrahim ASHAWI
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
River Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
The Impact

The lack of safe drinking water is a major problem in many areas. Most of which located within the range of high solar sun and the enormous potential of solar energy can be exploited to turn salt water into drinking water. The most economical and easy way to achieve this goal is to use solar distillation. Two low-cost "Single Slope" solar distillers were designed to examine the impact of adding concentrates and reflectors on daily yield and efficiency and then compare the results. Results obtained from practical experiments have shown that solar distillers with internal and external reflectors made of mirrors have increased in efficiency by 6% and 12% when one liter and two liters of river water are added, respectively, from the distiller under the effect of the parabola concentrator. The daily yield was also (60 and 240) ml higher for the solar distiller, which contained both internal and external reflectors.

REVERE No. 508

Alloy Digest ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Copper Nickel Alloy

Abstract Revere No. 508 is a highly ductile, malleable and corrosion resistant copper-nickel alloy suitable for condenser and heat exchanger tubes and many engineering applications such as salt water piping aboard ship, many components of salt water and fresh water stills, feed water heater tubes and marine coolers. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-81. Producer or source: Revere Copper and Brass Inc..

scholarly journals A new meta-heuristic pathfinder algorithm for solving optimal allocation of solar photovoltaic system in multi-lateral distribution system for improving resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Varaprasad Janamala
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA new meta-heuristic Pathfinder Algorithm (PFA) is adopted in this paper for optimal allocation and simultaneous integration of a solar photovoltaic system among multi-laterals, called interline-photovoltaic (I-PV) system. At first, the performance of PFA is evaluated by solving the optimal allocation of distribution generation problem in IEEE 33- and 69-bus systems for loss minimization. The obtained results show that the performance of proposed PFA is superior to PSO, TLBO, CSA, and GOA and other approaches cited in literature. The comparison of different performance measures of 50 independent trail runs predominantly shows the effectiveness of PFA and its efficiency for global optima. Subsequently, PFA is implemented for determining the optimal I-PV configuration considering the resilience without compromising the various operational and radiality constraints. Different case studies are simulated and the impact of the I-PV system is analyzed in terms of voltage profile and voltage stability. The proposed optimal I-PV configuration resulted in loss reduction of 77.87% and 98.33% in IEEE 33- and 69-bus systems, respectively. Further, the reduced average voltage deviation index and increased voltage stability index result in an improved voltage profile and enhanced voltage stability margin in radial distribution systems and its suitability for practical applications.

scholarly journals Experimental Validation of a Solar Powered Multistage Flash Desalination Unit with Alternate Storage Tanks

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2143
Author(s):  
Mishal Alsehli
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Tank Design ◽  
Solar Powered

The fossil fuels that power conventional desalination systems cause substantial environmental impact. Solar desalination can satisfy critical water needs with only a minimal contribution to global warming. The current work presents an attractive new design suitable for regions with limited water resources and high solar radiation rates. This work is an experimental study of a newly designed, solar-powered, multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination plant. The design could address the need to increase the limited water resources in solar energy-rich areas. The prototype consists of a solar collector, an MSF unit, and a novel dual thermal storage tank design. In this prototype, preheated brine is directly heated by circulation through the solar collector. Two tanks serve the MSF unit; one tank feeds the MSF unit while the other receives the preheated feed water. The two tanks alternate roles every 24 h. The study was conducted in Taif, Saudi Arabia, throughout the month of September 2020. The results of the experiment showed that 1.92 square meters of solar collector area is needed for an average daily production of 19.7 kg of fresh water, at a cost of approximately $0.015 per liter.

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