scholarly journals Germination and Seedling Growth of Zea mays L. under Different Levels of Sodium Chloride Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sozharajan ◽  
S. Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Yield Reduction

Salt stress is one of the most severe environmental factors that reduces and limits growth and development of plants. Abiotic stresses such as heavy metals, salinity, drought, temperature, UV-radiation, ozone causes drastic yield reduction in most of the crops. Especially salt stress affects around 20 of NaCl on germination and seedling growth of Zea mays L. Seeds of Zea mays were germinated in glass Petri- 100 × 15 mm diameter lined with blotting paper. Ten seeds were placed in each petri-dish. Petridishes were irrigated with 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 mM concentrations of NaCl. A control was moistened with ten milliliters of distilled water. The germination percentage, water absorption of the seeds, water uptake percentage and the growth parameters were observed. The results obtained showed that the inhibition of the germination percentage, germination rate, water uptake, growth and biomass accumulation of the seedlings were observed to decrease with increasing NaCl concentrations. At the highest level of stress both plumule and radical decreased significantly. The salt stress decreased seed germination, biomass and growth of maize seedlings due to ion toxicity, decrease osmotic potential and oxidative stress

Salinity Tolerance of Black Gram Cultivars During Germination and Early Seedling Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Hasan ◽  
M.S. Islam ◽  
M.R. Islam ◽  
H.N. Ismaan ◽  
A. El Sabagh
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Black Gram

Abstract A laboratory experiment regarding germination and seedling growth test was conducted with three black gram genotypes tested under three salinity levels (0, 75 and 150 mM), for 10 days, in sand culture within small plastic pot, to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics. Different germination traits of all black gram genotypes, like germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG) greatly reduced, as well as mean germination time (MGT) increased with increasing salt stress. At high salt stress, BARI Mash-3 provided the highest GP reduction (28.58%), while the lowest was recorded (15.79% to control) in BARI Mash-1. Salinity have the negative impact on shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights. The highest (50.32% to control) and lowest reduction (36.39%) of shoot length were recorded in BARI Mash-2 and BARI Mash-1, respectively, under 150 mM NaCl saline conditions. There were significant reduction of root lengths, root fresh and dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight in all genotypes under saline condition. The genotypes were arranged as BARI Mash-1 > BARI Mash-3 > BARI Mash-2, with respect to salinity tolerance.

scholarly journals Effect of salt stress on some sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Shtereva ◽  
Roumiana Vassilevska-Ivanova ◽  
Tanya Karceva
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Salt Stress Condition ◽  
Salinity Levels

An experiment was carried out hydroponically under laboratory conditions to investigate the effect of salt stress on several physiological and biochemical parameters of three sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) genotypes: lines 6-13, C-6 (pollen source) and their heterotic F1 hybrid ?Zaharina?. The degree of salinity tolerance among these genotypes was evaluated at three different sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations: 0 mM, 100 mM, 125 mM and 150 mM. Seed germination, plant growth and biochemical stress determining parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), proline content and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels were compared between seedlings of lines and hybrid. The obtained results indicated that both lines and hybrid have similar responses at different salinity levels for all examined traits. All the seedlings? growth parameters, such as germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root and shoot fresh and dry weight, decreased with increasing salinity level. MDA, proline and H2O2 increased at different saline conditions in comparison to the control. Based on the results, of the three genotypes examined, the hybrid Zaharina, followed by line C-6, was more salt-sensitive than line 6-13 in salt stress condition.

scholarly journals Responses of Maize Varieties to Salt Stress in Relation to Germination and Seedling Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuurismaan Hassan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Md. Obaidullah Shaddam ◽  
Mohammad Sohidul Islam ◽  
Celaleddin Barutçular ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Maize Varieties

A pot experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohamad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Bangladesh during 2016 to evaluate the response of maize varieties at germination and seedling growth stages under salt stress. The seeds of the BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) developed four maize varietiesviz.Barnali, Khoi Vutta, Mohor and BARI Maize 5 were placed in plastic pots (each of 25 cm length and 12 cm width) on sand bed irrigated with tap water (control), 100 and 200 mM NaCl salt solutions. It was replicated in thrice with completely randomized design (CRD). Salinity stress significantly affected the germination characters and seedling growth parameters of maize varieties. The germination percentages (GP) and germination rate (GR) reduced significantly with increasing salinity, and the variety Khoi Vutta showed the highest GP and GR followed by Barnali and Mohor showed the lowest GP and GR followed by BARI maize 5. Under high salinity level, seedling growths characteristics like shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weight of shoot and roots reduced remarkably in the variety Mohor indicating salt susceptible while the minimum reduction of the aforementioned traits was observed in the variety Khoi Vutta demonstrating high salt tolerant variety. The studied varieties can be ranked on the basis of salt tolerance as Khoi Vutta > Barnali > BARI Maize 5 > Mohor from the experiment.

scholarly journals Utilization of Grape Fruit Waste-based Substrates for Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lemon Basil

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed El-Sayed El-Mahrouk ◽  
Yaser Hassan Dewir ◽  
Salah El-Hendawy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Grape Fruit ◽  
Fruit Waste ◽  
One To One

Grape (Vitis vinifera) waste management is a major problem in juice production, but it could be transformed into a major opportunity if the waste was recycled and used as a nursery growing medium. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of four composts based on squeezed grape fruit waste (SGFW), mixed with coir or vermiculite in a one-to-one ratio by volume to form 13 growing media, for seed germination and seedling growth of ‘Mrs. Burns’ lemon basil (Ocimum basilicum var. citriodora). The final germination percentage (FGP), corrected germination rate index (CGRI), survival percentage, and seedling growth of ‘Mrs. Burns’ lemon basil were the variables measured. Pure SGFW reduced seed germination and seedling growth. The medium combining pure SGFW with vermiculite in a one-to-one ratio by volume was optimal for seed germination and seedling growth; in this medium the highest FGP, CGRI, survival rate, and growth parameters were recorded. The negative effects of pure SGFW composts were eliminated by mixing all composts with coir or vermiculite. These waste recycling media are low-cost products that can be beneficially used in nurseries on a commercial scale.

scholarly journals Effects of rhizobial nod factors (Lipo chitooligosaccharide) on seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.) under salt stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-837
Author(s):  
D. Udhaya Nandhini ◽  
E. Somasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Nod Factors ◽  
Nod Factor

Effects of nod factors (lipo chitooligosaccharide) on seedling growth of maize under salt stress have been studied. The study was framed with seed priming using lipo chitooligosaccharide (LCO) a nod factor @ 4 ml/kg of seeds and without priming on maize seedling growth which was exposed to different levels of salinity (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 dS/m). Salinity negatively influenced the seedling growth of maize. However nod factor treated maize seedlings had relatively higher germination percentage, root length, shoot length, reducing sugars and amylase activity. Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between seedling growth parameters. Thus, seed priming with nod factor (4 ml/kg) improved the resistance to salinity at seedling stage. NaCl concentrations restricted amylase enzyme activity and reducing sugar content in the germinating seeds. Priming of nod factor/LCO mitigated the restricted effects of salinity on amylase activity and reducing sugars.

scholarly journals Allelopathic activity of aqueous decomposed leaf litter extracts on the germination and early seedling growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Aden, Yemen

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
Hana A. Al-Quhbi ◽  
Amna A.I. Saeed ◽  
Abdul Nasser Al-Gifri
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Radicle Length

Allelopathic effect of Aqueous decomposed leaf litter from four common trees and shrubs in Aden governorate, Yemen was investigated on the germination and early seedling growth of Cowpea, the test crop was subjected to four concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the aqueous extract, while a control was maintained at 0% extract level. The study carried out in the laboratory of Botany at Faculty of Education, University of Aden. The Percentage of germination, Germination rate per plate, radicle length, plumule, (hypo and epicotyl lengths) observed. Data was recorded at 24 hours interval after germination for 15 days, the research revealed delayed germination rate per plate and a significant reduction in the radicle length and germination percentage (data was collected on percentage germination; plant height. Results obtained showed that significant reduction in the growth parameters considered at 100% and 75%, while at 50% and 25% the difference was not significant. From the result obtained, it can concluded that Conocarpus lancefolius and Thevetia peruviana possess allelopathic effect that inhibit the germination and early seedling growth of Cowpea, hence at 100% concentration.

scholarly journals Determination of germination and seedling growth parameters of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties under stress conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-701
Author(s):  
Fatih ÖNER ◽  
Ayşe Ö. Ş. SOYSAL
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Stress Levels

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food for more than half of the world’s population. Globally, rice is grown on approximately 160 million hectares with an average annual production of 740.96 million tonnes. Salinity is an important abiotic factor for germination. In this study rice varieties were analysed for salt stress tolerance at germination growth stage. The response of eight rice varieties against six (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 mM NaCl) salinity levels were studied at germination stage. Seeds of eight rice varieties (‘Yatkin’, ‘Miss-2013 Passali’, ‘Kale’, ‘Manyas Yildizi’, ‘Efe’, ‘Biga Incisi’ and ‘Osmancik-97’) were kept under six salt stress levels. Number of seeds germinated (number), germination rate (%), average germination time, fresh and dry weight of germinated seeds (g), fresh and dry weight of the coleoptile (g), fresh and dry weight of the radicle (g), the length of the coleoptile and radicle (mm) were recorded. The results showed that with increasing salt stress, germination in all the varieties was delayed. The increase in salt stress also reduced every measured trait significantly in all the varieties. Maximum germination percentage (100%) was observed in ‘Biga Incisi’ under all the salt stress levels. Our research data would be helpful for identification of the tolerant varieties which can be studied further in terms of economically.

scholarly journals Seed Priming Improves Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Isatis indigotica Fort. under Salt Stress

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Xu-Wen Jiang ◽  
Cheng-Ran Zhang ◽  
Wei-Hua Wang ◽  
Guang-Hai Xu ◽  
Hai-Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Isatis Indigotica ◽  
Germination Characteristics

The effects of CaCl2, GA3, and H2O2 priming on Isatis indigotica Fort. seed germination characteristics, seedling growth parameters, and antioxidant enzyme activities under salt stress were investigated. NaCl had an adverse effect on the germination and seedling performance of I. indigotica. However, these three priming agents alleviated salt stress by increasing the germination percentage, improving seed vigor, accelerating germination velocity, and establishing strong seedlings. The optimal concentrations were 15 g/L for CaCl2, 0.2 g/L for GA3, and 40 mm for H2O2. Seed priming treatments enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in seedlings, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), under a salt environment, which reduced the oxidative injury caused by salt. Seed priming is a promising technique that can enhance the ability of I. indigotica seed germination when salt is present.

scholarly journals Farklı Tuz Konsantrasyonlarının Şeker Mısır (Zea mays L.Var. sacharata sturt.) Çeşitlerinde Çimlenme ve Erken Fide Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (sp2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Hasan Akay ◽  
Elif Öztürk ◽  
İsmail Sezer ◽  
Murat Can Bahadır
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Power Index ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

This study was carried out to determine the effect of different NaCl concentrations on germination and early seedling growth of some sugar maize (Zea mays L. sacharata sturt.) Varieties. NaCl was applied to the seeds of Vega F1 (sh2), Merit F1 (su) and Tanem F1 (su) varieties at 0 (control), 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 dSm -1 concentrations. 5 days after seed sowing germination rate, 12 days after the root length, stem length, stem stem ratio, root dry matter ratio, stem dry matter ratio, seedling power index and salt tolerance were measured. Significant differences were found between the characters examined in the study. As a result; It was determined that germination rate and seedling growth characteristics decreased as cultivars salt ratio increased to different salt concentrations. It has been determined that while the total F1 cultivars have the highest values in terms of germination rate and salt stress tolerance, it has the lowest values in terms of root and stem length and root stem ratio. In terms of seedling power index, Vega F1, Tanem F1 and Merit F1, respectively. According to the correlation results, statistically significant positive differences were found between the parameters examined. It was determined that seed germination and early seedling growth parameters were not affected from the germination environment up to 2 dSm-1 salinity level, while it was found to be negatively affected at 2 dSm-1 high levels. It has been determined that water up to 2 dSm-1 salinity level can be used in sugar corn germination and early seedling development periods in aquaculture areas.

scholarly journals Germination and Seedling Growth of Pulse Crop (Vigna Spp.) as Affected by Soil Salt Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Awasthi ◽  
Himani Karki ◽  
Vibhuti Vibhuti ◽  
Kiran Bargali ◽  
S. S Bargali
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Vigna Species ◽  
Stress Levels

Vigna is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae with worldwide distribution. In the present study, effect of salt stress was investigated in four species of Vigna viz. V. mungo (urd), V. angularis (rais), V. radiata (moong) and V. aconitifolia (moth) at germination and seedling growth stages in a glasshouse experiment. Seeds of selected crops were surface sterilized and placed under three salt stress levels of 0 (control), 50mM and 100mM using NaCl solutions. Three replicates for each treatment was used for this experiment. The results indicated that increase in salt stress levels caused a reduction in germination percentage, germination rate, shoot length, root length and seedling dry weight of each Vigna species. The overall results indicated that among the four species, V. aconitifolia was the most sensitive, whereas V. mungo was the least sensitive species to the salinity in almost every aspect of growth.

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