scholarly journals The ejido-system in Mexico; some observations.

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-89
Author(s):  
R.A.L. Lincklaen Arriens
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
National Production ◽  
The Creation

The author gives an appraisal of the land reform program in Mexico and an evaluation of the results. Although the agricultural production per worker has doubled during the last twenty years, the gross agricultural production has tripled in the same period, while the working population at present engaged in agriculture which amounts to 50 per cent of the working population, contributes only 20 per cent to the national production. On the ejidos the production per worker and per hectare are much less than the average. The author concludes that too much value has been attached to the land tenure aspects and the legal regulations and too little to the creation of opportunities for efficient farming. E. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Problems of Land Tenure Reform in Latin America

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Picó
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Academic Life ◽  
Tenure Reform ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
Luis Munoz Marin

My interest in land reform started very early. In fact, my first executive appointment in the Government of Puerto Rico was in 1941, even before I left academic life, when I became a member of the first Board of Directors of the Land Authority of Puerto Rico, thus participating from the start in the land reform program of Puerto Rico. Back in 1940 when the present Government of Puerto Rico headed by Luis Muñoz Marín, our present Governor but at that time President of the Senate, took over the reins of government one of the first bills approved by our legislature was for a land tenure reform program in Puerto Rico.

‘Before It Is Too Late’: Land Reform in South Vietnam, 1956–1968

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-57
Author(s):  
David A. Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Johnson Administration ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Reform Legislation ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
South Vietnam ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 1960S

Attempts by the U.S. government to enact land redistribution in the Republic of Vietnam began in the mid-1950s. At that time. land reform was a linchpin of U.S. foreign policy in Asia. Wolf Ladejinsky, author of the legislation that had virtually eliminated tenancy in occupied Japan, encountered political controversy in Washington and administrative challenges in Saigon in his attempt to bring about greater equality of land ownership in South Vietnam. This initial attempt to modify land tenure arrangements failed when redistribution stalled, far from complete, during 1961. Although new land reform legislation did not appear until 1970, the 1960s were by no means years of inaction on land reform. Years of behind-the-scenes efforts by American policymakers in Washington and Saigon culminated in the Land-to-the-Tiller Law, an ambitious but doomed attempt to complete the work that Ladejinsky had begun over a decade earlier. Documents from the Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library, many newly declassified, suggest that bureaucratic intrigue and political infighting within the Johnson administration and Congress both hindered and facilitated the emergence of a new land reform program in war-ravaged South Vietnam.

scholarly journals A review and analysis of existing legal and policy issues related to land tenure and agriculture in Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sharma ◽  
SN Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Sustainable Land Management ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Engineering And Technology ◽  
The Government

This review takes stock of current legislative provisions and policies pursued by the Government of Nepal with regard to agriculture and land tenure. Currently, land tenure issues are primarily governed under the legislations enacted by the Ministry of Land Reform and Management, while there are a number of policies formulated in order to facilitate agricultural production by the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Ministry of Water Resources for irrigation regulation, Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation through Leaseholds forestry programme.The Government of Nepal has already amended the Land Act, 2021 B.S. twice. Each amendment has targeted something other than ceilings. Amendments in regulation and devising other sectoral policies have not adequately discussed nor have encouraged sustainable land management. New and innovative policies are required to prevent degradation and achieve sustainable management of the precious land resource base of the country. DOI: 10.3126/kuset.v6i2.4022Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol.6. No II, November, 2010, pp.133-141

scholarly journals Implementation of Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program of a Municipality in Negros Occidental

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Kim C. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
National Government ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Tenure Status ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
Significant Difference

The implementation of land reform programs has become the point of issue in many parts of Asia, including the Philippines. This descriptive-comparative study determined the extent of implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) among the Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries (ARBs) and implementers. Using the researcher-made questionnaire, 189 ARBs who are cultivating the CARP covered lands, and 9 CARP implementers provided data for this study. Aided by descriptive-comparative statistics, findings showed a great extent of implementation. It further revealed a significant difference in the extent of implementation of CARP as assessed by the ARBS and implementers. However, it showed no significant difference when ARBs were grouped according to the size of landholding, land tenure status, and crops planted. Moreover, there are challenges identified in the implementation of CARP that should be addressed by the DAR and other national government agencies involved in the implementation.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN LARANGAN PEMILIKAN TANAH PERTANIAN SECARA ABSENTEE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Chandra Dewangga Marditya Putra
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

Untuk menjadikan masyarakat tani yang adil dan makmur maka pemerintah melalui program landreform yang meliputi perombakan mengenai kepemilikan dan penguasaan tanah serta hubungan-hubungan hukum yang bersangkutan dengan penguasaan tanah. Sesuai dengan Pasal 10 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria telah mengamanahkan terkait larangan kepemilikan atas tanah pertanian secara absentee. Dengan adanya ketentuan tersebut diharapkan para pemegang hak atas tanah pertanian dapat mengusahakan atau mengerjakan sendiri tanah yang dimilikinya sehingga tanah-tanah pertanian memang menjadi produktif dan tidak terdapat tanah pertanian yang di biarkan atau absentee. Tujuan larangan absentee agar hasil yang diperoleh dari pengusahaan tanah sebagian besar dapat dinikmati oleh masyarakat desa tempat letak tanah. Fenomena larangan tanah absentee/guntai secara nyata terjadi, tetapi tidak dilakukan sanksi yang tegas.Kata kunci: absentee, kepemilikan hak atas tanah, pertanian, sanksi. To make a fair and prosperous farming community, the government through a Land Reform program which includes a reshuffle of land ownership and control as well as legal relations concerned with land tenure. In accordance with Article 10 paragraph (1) the Basic Agrarian Law mandates Absentee prohibitions on ownership of agricultural land. With the existence of these provisions it is expected that holders of agricultural land can cultivate or work on their own land so that agricultural lands are indeed productive and there is no agricultural land that is left or Absentee. The purpose of the Absentee ban is that the results obtained from the cultivation of land can be enjoyed mostly by rural communities where the land is located. The phenomenon of the prohibition of Absentee / guntai land actually occurred, but no strict sanctions were made.Keywords: absentee,ownership of rights to land, agriculture, sanctions.

scholarly journals Decolonizing Agrarian Knowledge and the Emergence of Indonesian Critical Agrarian Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nashih Luthfi
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
New Order ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Agrarian Studies ◽  
Agrarian Development

Agricultural production growth has been the main priority in agrarian development in Indonesia but its ends and means have been varied. In the colonial era, an export- oriented colonial plantation system resulted in the transformation of the Indonesian land tenurial system. In the post-colonial period, Soekarno’s regime pursued agrarian development seeking to strengthening people’s land rights through its land reform policies. Land rights were seen as the basis for agricultural production. Soeharto’s New Order regime implemented its Green Revolution policy by developing agricultural mechanization and extensification which managed to improve agricultural production, but it gave greater privileges to the rural elite class and caused dependence on foreign inputs and aid. All agrarian policies were supported by knowledge produced through the research of influential institutions and individuals, including critical responses against the impacts of the transformation of land tenure. In this context, knowledge in agrarian studies with its critical perspectives were re-shaped as part of the process of knowledge decolonization.

scholarly journals Description of Land Fragmentation in Latvia and its Prevention Opportunities

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dace Platonova ◽  
Anda Jankava
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Land Fragmentation ◽  
Land Use Optimization

Abstract Already during the Land Reform, land properties of several land parcels were formed in the rural areas. Another factor that benefits to the fragmentation of farm properties is development of land market because buying or renting land for farm size building, it is not always possible to find adjacent land plot. Consequently, the land fragmentation not only makes land management difficult, but also increases the transport costs. With this rural land tenure system, competitive and efficient agricultural production cannot be discussed, so a large part of rural areas remains untreated. It was found that there is a strong correlation between the area of land parcels and their management - the smaller the area of a land parcel by the agricultural land, the greater the chance that it would not be managed, and vice versa, the greater the area, the more it is cultivated, that is, managed. Land consolidation is performed as the farm land use optimization activities in other countries. Land consolidation can be one of the efficient means for rural development, it can encourage formation of competitive agricultural production structure, giving farmers the opportunity to create holdings with a small number, but bigger size and better-shaped land plots. Thus, more income and opportunities to expand types of farming are created.

AGRARIAN REFORM UNDER THE REIGN OF JOKO WIDODO VIEWED FROM BASIC AGRARIAN LAW

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Rizka Refliarny ◽  
Herawan Sauni ◽  
Hamdani Ma'akir
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
The State ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
The Will ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Agrarian Law ◽  
Priority Program

This study raises the issue of agrarian reform draft under the reign of President Joko Widodo. Agrarian reform became a priority program in the RPJMN of 2015-2019. Based on this matter, the writer analyzes the concept of agrarian reform during the reign of Joko Widodo terms of BAL. The nature of the study was a normative research with statute approach, which was done in four ways, namely descriptive, comparative, evaluative and argumentative. The results showed that the agrarian reform draft during the reign of Joko Widodo is a concept of land stewardship and land reform. The economic system leads to a form of capitalism. It is necessary to conduct refinement of content and material of BAL implementation in order to achieve the justice and the welfare of the nation and the State. The agrarian reform program should be carried out in stages in order to obtain the desired results. It requires the will, ability and active involvement of all elements of the state.

LAND REFORM IN SOUTH AFRICA: OBSTINATE SPACIAL DISTORTIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Manala Shadrack Maake
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Land Claims ◽  
Tenure Reform ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Reform Programme ◽  
Theoretical Paper

This theoretical paper seeks to make an empirical contribution to the Land Reform discourses. The paper argues that the pace of land redistribution in South Africa is undeniably slow and limits livelihood choices of relatively most intended beneficiaries of land reform programme. The primacy and success of the programme within rural development ought to measured and assessed through ways in which the land reform programmes conforms to and improve the livelihoods, ambitions and goals of the intended beneficiaries without compromising agricultural production and the economy. In addition, paper highlights the slow pace of land reform programme and its implications on socio-economic transformation of South Africa. Subsequently, the paper concludes through demonstrating the need for a radical approach towards land reform without disrupting agricultural production and further to secure support and coordination of spheres of government. The democratic government in South Africa inherited a country which characterized by extreme racial imbalances epitomized through social relations of land and spatial distortions. Non-white South Africans are still feeling the effects of colonial and apartheid legal enactments which sought to segregate ownership of resources on the basis of race in particular. Thus, successive democratic governments have the specific mandate to re-design and improve land reform policies which are targeted to reverse colonially fueled spatial distortions. South Africa’s overall Land Reform programme consists of three key elements and namely are; land redistribution, tenure reform and land restitution. Concomitantly, spatial proponents and researchers have denounced and embraced land reform ideology and its status quo in South Africa. The criticisms overlapped towards both beneficiaries and state due to factors like poor post-settlement support, lack of skills, lack of capital, infighting over land claims and land management.

Syed Nawab Haider Naqvi, Mahmood Hasan Khan and M. Ghaffu Otaudhry (edt.). LaJld Reforms in Pakistan, A Historical Perspective. Islamabad: Pakistan Institute of Development Economics 1987. viii+216 pp.Price: Rs 220 (USS 35) for hardcover; Rs 140.00 (USS 20) for soft-cover.

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-218
Author(s):  
Luther Tweeten
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Land Reforms ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rural Pakistan ◽  
The Status ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
High Degree

The authors describe how Pakistan has grappled with land reform, surely one of the most intractable and divisive issues facing agriculture anywhere. The land-tenure system at independence in 1947 included a high degree of land ownership concentration, absentee landlordism, insecurity of tenant tenure, and excessive rent. Land reform since 1947 focused on imposition of ceilings on landholding, distribution of land to landless tenants and small owners, and readjustments of contracts to improve the position of the tenant. These reformist measures have removed some but by no means all of the undesirable characteristics of the system. The authors list as well as present a critique of the reports of five official committees and commissions on land reform. The reports highlight the conflicts and ideologies of the reformers. The predominant ideal of the land reformers is a system of peasant proprietorship although some reformers favoured other systems such as communal farming and state ownership of land, and still others favoured cash rents over share rents. More pragmatic reformers recognized that tenancy is likely to be with Pakistan for the foreseeable future and that the batai (sharecropping) arrangement is the most workable system. According to the editors, the batai system can work to the advantage of landlord and tenant if the ceilings on landholding can be sufficiently lowered (and enforced), the security of the tenant is ensured, and the tenant has recourse to the courts for adjudication of disputes with landlords. Many policy-makers in Pakistan have come to accept that position but intervention by the State to realize the ideal has been slow. The editors conclude that" ... the end result of these land reforms is that they have not succeeded in significantly changing the status quo in rural Pakistan" (p. 29).

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