scholarly journals Prevalence of congenital anomalies in a tertiary care centre in North Kerala, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Jayasree S. ◽  
Smitha D'Couth
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Ambiguous Genitalia ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Common System ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Icd 10

Background: Congenital anomalies have emerged as an important cause for neonatal morbidity and mortality. The prevalence as well as pattern of anomaly varies from place to place. Literature search reveals that India has the highest number of children with birth defects.Methods: This is a cohort study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology during the period 2009-2015. All mothers admitted with congenital structural defects to the fetus diagnosed by imaging and those who delivered anomalous babies were included in this study. The anomalies were classified based on ICD-10 system.Results: There were a total of 911 anomalous babies born during the study period of which 554 were males and 338 were females.19 babies had ambiguous genitalia. Anomalies were more common in multigravidae and in mothers of age group 20-29 years. Maximum number of babies were born between 37-40weeks. Maternal diabetes was associated with increased incidence of anomalies. Most common system involved was urinary system followed by musculoskeletal system.Conclusions: The prevalence of structural anomalies in the present study is 0.84%. Patients with risk factors for anomalies should undergo pre-pregnancy counselling. Routine antenatal anomaly screening with ultrasound before viability should be done for all patients so that early termination of lethal anomalies can be done.

scholarly journals Pattern of Congenital Overt and Occult Pediatric Surgical Anomalies in a Tertiary Care Centre Over 5 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Sam Varkey ◽  
Aravind C. S ◽  
Reeti Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Common System ◽  
History Of

ongenital anomalies are important cause of infant and childhood deaths, chronic illness and disability. The proportion of deaths and disability due to congenital anomalies has increased, as deaths due to other diseases have decreased over the years due to better health care. Hence it is essential to have basic epidemiological information of these anomalies. This is a hospital based, cross-sectional, record based study, conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Govt. Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Sample size included 300 children below the age of 12years admitted in the department of pediatric surgery with various major congenital anomalies, over a period of 5 years. More than half of these children were admitted after infancy for treatment, male children were more compared to females. Majority of these children were from low socioeconomic group. Only in 5.6% cases there was a history of consanguineous marriage. In 7.33% there was family history of congenital anomalies. In 32% cases the anomalies were detected in the antenatal period. Most of the anomalies were isolated anomalies. Genitourinary system was the most common system to be involved followed by, gastrointestinal tract. 91.67% children underwent surgical treatment, and only 10.67% children had major complications in postoperative period. This study shows that congenital anomalies are a major cause of hospital admissions in children of all ages. Pattern of anomalies seen in various centers are different. Knowledge of the pattern of congenital anomalies may be useful in planning health services. Keywords: Congenital, Anomalies, Pediatric surgery.

scholarly journals Study of Congenital Malformation in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 609-613
Author(s):  
Swaranjika Sahoo ◽  
Ria Ganguly ◽  
Mrutunjay Dash ◽  
Antaryami Pradhan ◽  
Thambi Gayathri Priya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common System ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Torch Infection ◽  
Rubella Vaccination

Objective: Congenital anomaly is one of the most important causes & being the 5th most common cause of neonatal mortality & morbidity. It may present as a structural or functional abnormality. These defects occur due to defective embryogenesis. Associated factors may be maternal age, maternal TORCH infection, drugs, genetic factors. Antenatal USG reduces the incidence.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the Pediatric department over 1 year. Diagnosis of all congenital anomalies was done by the concerned pediatrician& pediatric surgeon. Data was collected in the specified format.Results: A total of 10205 cases of age group 1 month to 5 years presented to the paediatric OPD, out of which 193 children were diagnosed as congenital anomalies in 1 year. Males were found to be affected the most. The most common system involved was found to be the genitourinary system (36.78%). The second most common system involved was the gastrointestinal system (33.67%). The least common system involved was the musculoskeletal system.Conclusion: Congenital anomalies are a major cause of neonatal & infantile mortality & morbidity. Routine screening with a level II targeted scan for all the pregnant mothers should be mandatory. Adequate nutrition, parental education & Rubella vaccination of the mother can decrease the prevalence of congenital anomalies to some extend.

scholarly journals Neonatal candidiasis: clinical spectrum and epidemiology in a tertiary care centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Bhavana Koppad ◽  
Kulkarni Poornima Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Candida Guilliermondii ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Neonatal Candidiasis

Background: Candidial infections are a serious problem in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) which increases the mortality and morbidity in addition to increasing health care costs. Confirming the diagnosis by laboratory tests is difficult and a high index of suspicion is required. The objective of this study was to identify the clinical spectrum and epidemiology of neonatal candidiasis in a tertiary care NICU.Methods: The present study was carried out in the NICU of SDM medical college and hospital, Dharwad. All babies who were admitted to NICU and who had positive blood culture for Candida were included in the study. One year Data (1st December 2015 to 31st November 2016) was collected retrospectively from NICU case records. Statistical test used was chi square test.Results: Total admissions to the NICU during the study period were 2591. Blood cultures were positive in 132 babies. Among these, Candidial sepsis was noted in 39.39% (52) babies. Out of the 52 positive fungal cultures, 15 were Candida albicans, 35 were Candida non albicans and 2 were mixed cultures (Candida albicans and non albicans) showing an increasing incidence of non-albicans Candida infections. Among the non albicans Candida, Candida tropicalis and Candida guilliermondii were the predominant species (11 each) followed by Candida famata (6), Candida krusei (6) and Candida parapsilosis (3). Candidial sepsis was seen to be more common among preterm and low birth weight babies. Usage of antibiotics, Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and mechanical ventilation were common risk factors noted in our study.Conclusions: Systemic Candidiasis is a disease of modern neonatal intensive care. It deserves urgent attention for its prevention as well as effective treatment in order to minimize neonatal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Congenital anomalies and associated risk factors in a Saudi population: a cohort study from pregnancy to age 2 years

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e026351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M Kurdi ◽  
Muhammad Ali Majeed-Saidan ◽  
Maha S Al Rakaf ◽  
Amal M AlHashem ◽  
Lorenzo D Botto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Renal Malformations

ObjectiveTo assess the three key issues for congenital anomalies (CAs) prevention and care, namely, CA prevalence, risk factor prevalence and survival, in a longitudinal cohort in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.SettingTertiary care centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ParticipantsSaudi women enrolled during pregnancy over 3 years and their 28 646 eligible pregnancy outcomes (births, stillbirths and elective terminations of pregnancy for foetal anomalies). The nested case-control study evaluated the CA risk factor profile of the underlying cohort. All CA cases (1179) and unaffected controls (1262) were followed through age 2 years. Referred mothers because of foetal anomaly and mothers who delivered outside the study centre and their pregnancy outcome were excluded.Primary outcome measuresPrevalence and pattern of major CAs, frequency of CA-related risk factors and survival through age 2 years.ResultsThe birth prevalence of CAs was 412/10 000 births (95% CI 388.6 to 434.9), driven mainly by congenital heart disease (148 per 10 000) (95% CI 134 to 162), renal malformations (113, 95% CI 110 to 125), neural tube defects (19, 95% CI 25.3 to 38.3) and chromosomal anomalies (27, 95% CI 21 to 33). In this study, the burden of potentially modifiable risk factors included high rates of diabetes (7.3%, OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.12), maternal age >40 years (7.0%, OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.35 to 3.3), consanguinity (54.5%, OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.81). The mortality for live births with CAs at 2 years of age was 15.8%.ConclusionsThis study documented specific opportunities to improve primary prevention and care. Specifically, folic acid fortification (the neural tube defect prevalence was >3 times that theoretically achievable by optimal fortification), preconception diabetes screening and consanguinity-related counselling could have significant and broad health benefits in this cohort and arguably in the larger Saudi population.

scholarly journals Radiological Assessment of the Indian Children with Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeet Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Satinder Singh ◽  
Samarjit Singh Ghuman ◽  
Shalabh Sharma ◽  
Asish Kr. Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
3D Scan

Introduction. Congenital sensorineural hearing loss is one of the most common birth defects with incidence of approximately 1 : 1000 live births. Imaging of cases of congenital sensorineural hearing loss is frequently performed in an attempt to determine the underlying pathology. There is a paucity of literature from India and for this reason we decided to conduct this study in Indian context to evaluate the various cochleovestibular bony and nerve anomalies by HRCT scan of temporal bone and MRI with 3D scan of inner ear in a tertiary care centre.Material and Methods. A total of 280 children with congenital deafness (158 males and 122 females), between January 2002 to June 2013 were included in the study and they were assessed radiologically by HRCT scan of temporal bone and MRI with 3D scan of inner ear.Results. In the present study we found various congenital anomalies of bony labyrinth and vestibulocochlear nerve. Out of 560 inner ears we found 78 anomalous inner ears. Out of these 78 inner ears 57 (73%) had cochlear anomaly, 68 (87.1%) had anomalous vestibule, 44 (56.4%) had abnormal vestibular aqueduct, 24 (30.7%) had anomalous IAC, and 23 (29.4%) had abnormal cochleovestibular nerves.Conclusion. In present study, we found lower incidences of congenital anomalies comparative to existing literature.

scholarly journals Patterns of Clinically Identifiable Congenital Defects in Neonates

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Sahisnuta Basnet ◽  
Eva Gauchan ◽  
Junu Shrestha ◽  
Jyoti Jha
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Live Births

Background: The study is aimed at highlighting the pattern of congenital defect in a tertiary care hospital. Congenital anomalies are recognized as a growing cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries and a major cause of distress to parents.Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted between September 2019 and August 2020 with the objective to determine the types of congenital anomalies among live born neonates at Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH), Pokhara and to determine their immediate outcome. Neonatal and maternal characteristics were noted.Results: Twenty four out of 2515 live births had congenital anomalies during the study period, giving an incidence rate of 9.42 congenital anomalies per 1000 live birth per year. Single system involvement was seen in 79.2 % cases, remaining 5 (20.8%) neonates had involvement of more than one system; 54.2% of these newborns were discharged, 33.3% expired, 8.3% left against medical advice and 4.2% were referred out.Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of clinical examination of neonates to detect anomalies in our setting. Keywords: Congenital anomalies; incidence; newborn

scholarly journals A study of birth defects in a tertiary care teaching hospital at Chennai, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3067
Author(s):  
Mangalageetha Amirthalingam ◽  
Padmalatha Dakshnamurthy ◽  
Vinodhini Shanmugham
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching

Background: The Congenital anomalies were estimated to be the fifth largest cause of neonatal deaths in India. The purpose of our study was to determine the proportion and pattern of congenital anomalies and their association with risk factors like maternal diabetes, advanced maternal age and consanguinity among the babies born in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Chennai.Methods: This study is a cross sectional descriptive study where all the newborns including still born delivered with the presence of congenital anomalies and those fetuses terminated due to detection of presence of congenital anomalies were analyzed. The study was done at the OBG department in a tertiary care center for a period of one year 1st June 2015 to 31st May 2016.Results: The overall incidence of birth defects were 2.36%, of which musculo skeletal defects (18.88%) were commonly found. There was a definite correlation of risk factors with consanguinity showing an incidence of 1.5 times the overall incidence of birth defects (3.54%) and maternal diabetes mellitus was 6 times the total incidence (15.3%). The correlation between the incidence of birth defects and advanced maternal age was not statistically significant in our study.Conclusions: The study depicts the risk of occurrence of congenital anomalies in the presence of maternal diabetes and in consanguineous marriage and emphasizes on the necessity of adequate screening like first trimester and second trimester ultrasonogram for the early detection of anomalies in the fetus especially if these risk factors are present in the mother.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of congenital anomalies in a tertiary care centre in Tamilnadu

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Dr. Prema N ◽  
◽  
Dr. Sudhakaran R ◽  
Dr. Divya B.V. ◽  
Dr. Meerabai V. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on routine childhood immunisation services post lockdown in a tertiary care centre in Meerut district of western U.P.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Archana D. Agrawal ◽  
Gaurav Gupta ◽  
Ashu Bhasin ◽  
Abhishek Singh ◽  
Alpa Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Routine Immunization ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Birth Dose ◽  
The Impact

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS CoV-2) disease pandemic has been a threat to public health and health care system world-wide including routine immunization which has been greatly disrupted putting children at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). A study with an aim to analyse the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on routine immunization coverage post lockdown at a tertiary care centre of western UP.Methods: A retrospective analytical study was conducted at LLRM Medical College, Meerut comparing 3 periods of year 2020, each of 4 weeks viz: 1-28th of February, 1-28 of August and 1-28 of December.Results: Total number of vaccine beneficiaries decreased significantly post lockdown from 646 in February to 275 and 419 in August and December respectively. The percent reduction was maximally seen in booster vaccines while birth dose group was least affected. There was 76.2% and 39.3% reduction in number of children receiving primary doses of combination vaccines in August and December period respectively as compared to February 2020. We found 68.42% and 54.39 % reduction in MR-1 beneficiaries in August and December respectively as compared to February 2020.Conclusions: Significant reduction is found in total number of children receiving immunization during un-lockdown period, compared to pre-COVID level. This difference was more significant in booster doses compared to birth doses. We did not find any significant catch up in vaccine beneficiaries by December 2020 despite 7 months of un-lockdown raising significant concern for public health.

Awareness of quantity of ORS and Zinc among mothers of under five children with diarrhoea at a tertiary care Centre Lahore

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mubeen Nazar Duggal ◽  
Attia Bari ◽  
Ayesha Mansoor ◽  
Sara Saeed ◽  
Wajiha Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Rehydration Salt ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Number Of Children

Abstract Objectives: To assess mothers’ knowledge about quantity of ORS and zinc in management of diarrhoea. Methods: Cross sectional study conducted over a period of 4 months from May 2019 to August 2019 among mothers accompanying under five children admitted in the diarrhoea ward of The Children’s hospital Lahore for rehydration and included 334 children age 2 months to 59 months. Data was collected regarding age, sex, residence, number of children in house hold, socioeconomic status, maternal literacy status, mother’s awareness of signs of dehydration in diarrhoea, familiarity with the term oral rehydration salt (ORS) as regards its correct preparation and administration and Zinc supplementation in diarrhoea. Conclusion: Majority mothers were aware of ORS and doctors were the main source of information. Many knew the correct role of ORS in diarrhoea and its method of preparation as sachet pack was the most commonly used type. Although ORS use rate was high, but most mothers were unaware of quantity of ORS to be given. Zinc use in diarrhoea was very low in our study. Keywords: Awareness, ORS, Zinc, Diarrhoea.

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