scholarly journals Epidemiological and clinical aspects of respiratory pathologies during pregnancy and puerperality

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 829
Author(s):  
Kouamé Arthur Didier ◽  
Diomandé Fatoumata Alice ◽  
Kakou Charles ◽  
Alla Christian ◽  
Koffi Soh Victor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Control Samples

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of respiratory pathologies during pregnancy and postpartum.Methods: This was a case-control study over a 7-year period from January 2008 to December 2014 at CHU de COCODY. We compiled 86 cases of the PPH department hospitalized patients for pulmonary disease during pregnancy and for postpartum up to 42 days after delivery. The control samples were represented by those hospitalized in Obstetrics for a non-respiratory general condition during the same gravido puerperal period.Results: The age group of 20-29 years was the most affected in both groups with extremes ranging from 16 to 40 years (p=0.827). Respiratory pathology was common among housewives or unemployed women (p=0,001). Pauciparous and multiparous were the most affected (p=0.020). They had a medical history in 55.8% of cases versus 22.8% in controls (p=0.001). Positive HIV serology was also found (p=0.001) and was most often passive tobacco related (p=0.015). Respiratory pathology was progressive in 72.9% in cases vs 8.9% (p=0.001) with dyspnoea as the main sign (58%). Tuberculosis (29.70%) was the most common respiratory disease. Maternal complications accounted for 48.1% of PPH vs 25.6% (p=0.001) with maternal mortality of 11.6% (p = 0.001). As for foetal prognosis, 25.6% of foetal complications were noted in patients admitted to PPH versus 48.1% (p = 0.001).Conclusions: Respiratory disease during the gravido puerperal period is severe with significant maternal repercussion.

scholarly journals 717. Antibiotic treatment of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli related gastroenteritis and the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome: a population based matched case-control study in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S409-S410
Author(s):  
Shota Myojin ◽  
Kyongsun Pak ◽  
Mayumi Sako ◽  
Tohru Kobayashi ◽  
Takuri Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The role of therapeutic intervention, particularly antibiotics, for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) related infection is controversial. Methods We performed a population based matched case-control study to assess the association between treatment (antibiotics, antidiarrheal agents and probiotics) for STEC related infections and HUS development. We identified all STEC HUS patients as cases and matched five non-HUS patients as controls using the data from the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (NESID) between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018. Further medical information was obtained by standardized questionnaires answered by physicians who registered each patient. We used multivariate conditional logistic regression model to evaluate the association between exposures (use of antibiotics, use of antidiarrheal agents, days between disease onset and fosfomycin administration [within two or three days]) and the development of HUS, by matched odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Covariates we used were sex, age group, area code, presence of diarrhea and other factors. We also performed subgroup analyses using age (adults and children) as a stratification factor. Results 7,760 STEC related patients were registered in the NESID. We selected patients who had a record of HUS diagnosis (n=182) and matched controls without HUS (n=910). After collecting standardized paper-based questionnaires, we enrolled 90 HUS patients and 371 non-HUS patients for analysis. In the main analysis, matched OR of fosfomycin was 0.75(0.47-1.20) in all ages, 1.41(0.51-3.88) in adults and 0.58(0.34-1.01) in children. Matched OR of antidiarrheal agents was 2.07(1.07-4.03) in all ages, 1.84(0.32-10.53) in adults, 2.65(1.21-5.82) in children. Matched OR of probiotics was 0.86(0.46-1.61) in all ages, 0.76(0.21-2.71) in adults, 1.00(0.48-2.09) in children. There was no significant association between the timing of fosfomycin use in the first two or five days of illness and HUS development in any age group. Conclusion Our results suggest that fosfomycin might decrease the risk of HUS in children younger than 15 years of age with STEC confirmed bacterial gastroenteritis. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Effect of social factors on winter hospital admission for respiratory disease: a case–control study of older people in the UK

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (551) ◽  
pp. e1-e9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E Jordan ◽  
Jeremy I Hawker ◽  
Jon G Ayres ◽  
Peymané Adab ◽  
William Tunnicliffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals QT Interval Changes in Children With Febrile Convulsion Comparing With Healthy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alireza Teimouri ◽  
◽  
Noor Mohammad Noori ◽  
Ali Khajeh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qt Interval ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Febrile Convulsion ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pediatric Cardiologist ◽  
Control Study

A temperature-related seizure is a febrile seizure that affects the QT interval. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the QT interval caused by febrile convulsion compared with healthy children. Method This case-control study considered the distribution of 180 children equally shared between patients and controls. The study was conducted at the "Ali Ebne Abi Talib" Hospital in Zahedan, Iran. The disease diagnosed and confirmed based on standard definitions of febrile convulsion. QT interval measured by ECG and interpreted by a pediatric cardiologist and collected data were analyzed with SPSS 19 considering 0.05 as significant error. Results Among the ECG parameters, HR, R in aVL, S in V3, LVM, QTd, QTc and QTcd were significantly different in children with febrile convulsion compared to the peers. From those who had abnormal QTd, FC children were more frequented but not significant (CHI SQUARE=1.053, p=0.248), when children with FC were more in abnormality regarding QTc (CHI SQUARE=13.032, p<0.001) and QTcd (CHI SQUARE=21.6, P<0.001) significantly. In children with FC, those who were aged less than 12 months, had the highest level of HR but not significant (CHI SQUARE=4.59, p=0.101). Similar trends occurred for R in aVL and S in V3 that were higher in the age group >24 months (p>0.05). LVM had the highest value in the age group of >24 months significantly (CHI SQUARE= 52.674, P<0.001) and the other QT parameters were same in Fc children with different age groups (P>0.05). Conclusion From the study concluded that dispersion corrected QT, corrected QT and dispersion QT changed significantly in children with febrile convulsion in comparing with the healthy children but with constant values in children with FC in different age groups.

scholarly journals Smoking, the environment and meningococcal disease: a case control study

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Stanwell ◽  
J. M. Stuart ◽  
A. O. Hughes ◽  
P. Robinson ◽  
M. B. Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThis case control study investigated environmental factors in 74 confirmed cases of meningococcal disease (MD). In children aged under 5, passive smoking in the home (30 or more cigarettes daily) was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46–38.66). ORs increased both with the numbers of cigarettes smoked and with the number of smokers in the household, suggesting a dose–response relationship. MD in this age group was also significantly associated with household overcrowding (more than 1.5 persons per room) (OR 6.0, 95% CI 1.10–32.8), with kisses on the mouth with 4 or more contacts in the previous 2 weeks (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.09–5.56), with exposure to dust from plaster, brick or stone in the previous 2 weeks (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.07–4.65); and with changes in residence (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.0–8.99), marital arguments (OR 3.0, 95 % CI 1.26–7.17) and legal disputes in the previous 6 months (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.24–7.78). These associations were independent of social class. Public health measures to lower the prevalence of cigarette smoking by parents of young children may reduce the incidence of MD. The influence of building dust and stressful life events merits further investigation.

scholarly journals A CASE CONTROL STUDY ON DETERMINANTS OF CHILDHOOD ASTHMA IN SCHOOL CHIL-DREN OF CHITRADURGA CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Prakruthi G. M. ◽  
Bharathi D. R. ◽  
Yogananda R.
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
Control Study

Objective: Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease in which many cells and cellular elements play a role often arising from allergies, subsequently cause shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing it affects children in different ways. To study the sociodemographic characteristics of asthmatic children and compare the predisposing factors of asthma in children.Methods: A Community based Case control study in selected schools in chitradurga for a period of 6 mo. A total of 90 children, among which 30 asthma children and 60 non asthma children were participated. Odds ratio will be calculated to know the strength of association. chi square test will be calculated to the significance.Results: A total of 90 children aged<14 y data. Female children are more exposed to asthma than male. In childhood asthma age group between 10-14years the age group of 10 y(26.7%) and 12 y (26.7%) were more exposed to the asthma.Conclusion: In Chitradurga city, the study area, is of no exception with regard to case control. From the total of 90 children selected for the study majority were found risk factors affected. It was due to their family history, exposure to pet animals, allergy, age group, BMI and sex.

scholarly journals Risk factors for campylobacter infection in infants and young children: a matched case-control study

2001 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. TENKATE ◽  
R. J. STAFFORD
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Campylobacter Infection ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Campylobacter infection has one of the highest rates of all the notifiable diseases in Australia, with a peak in children aged 0–35 months. A matched case-control study was conducted to investigate risk factors for campylobacter infection for children in this age group. Eighty-one cases and 144 controls were enrolled in the study that was conducted between 24 January 1996 and 21 January 1997. The following risk factors were found to be independently associated with illness: ownership of pet puppies (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 16·58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3·73–73·65) and pet chickens (OR 11·80, CI 1·37–101·75), and consumption of mayonnaise (OR 4·13, CI 1·61–10·59). We propose that children aged less than 3 years are at risk of campylobacter infection if residing in a household which has puppies or chickens as pets.

scholarly journals Care-Related and Maternal Risk Factors Associated with the Antenatal Nondetection of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Case-Control Study from Bremen, Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinja Alexandra Ernst ◽  
Tilman Brand ◽  
Anna Reeske ◽  
Jacob Spallek ◽  
Knud Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Antenatal Detection ◽  
Control Study

Objective. To identify care-related and maternal risk factors for the antenatal nondetection of IUGR.Methods. In this hospital-based case-control study we compared antenatally undetected IUGR neonates (cases) to detected IUGR neonates (controls). Data were collected using newborn documentation sheets and standardized personal interviews with the mothers. We calculated antenatal detection rates and used uni- and multivariable logistic regression models to assess the association of antenatal nondetection of IUGR and maternal and care-related factors.Results. A total of 161 neonates from three hospitals were included in the study. Suboptimal fetal growth was identified antenatally inn=77pregnancies while inn=84it was not detected antenatally (antenatal detection rate: 47.8%). Severity of IUGR, maternal complications, and a Doppler examination during the course of pregnancy were associated with IUGR detection. We did not find statistically significant differences regarding parental socioeconomic status and maternal migration background.Conclusions. In our study, about half of all pregnancies affected by suboptimal growth remained undetected. Future in-depth studies with larger study populations should further examine factors that could increase antenatal detection rates for IUGR.

scholarly journals Nerve Conduction Velocity in Smokers and Gutka Chewers: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipin Kumar ◽  
Meenakshi Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Nerve Conduction Velocity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Chemicals that are present in cigarette/bidi smoke and gutka have been known to cause subclinical changes in myelin sheaths of peripheral nerves. Despite the antiquity and popularity of smoking and gutka chewing, its effect has not been investigated systematically in young adults. Aim: To investigate the chronic effects of smoking and gutka chewing on Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV). Materials and Methods: The case-control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, from November 2018 to December 2020. A 40 male smokers (age group 20-60 years), 40 gutka chewers (age group 20-60 years) along with 40 age matched healthy male controls. The nerve conduction study was performed by using fully computerised Electromyography (EMG) and NCV machine. Sensory Nerve Conduction Velocity (SNCV) and Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) test of median and ulnar nerves was performed on subjects. Data was analysed by using unpaired t-test. Results: In this study of comparative analysis of total 120 subjects, [40 controls and 80 cases (40 cases of smokers and tobacco chewers each)], statistically significant changes (p-value <0.05) were found in the sensory NCV of both the nerves and motor NCV of median nerve in smokers whereas no such changes were found in motor NCV of both nerves in gutka chewers. Conclusion: It can be concluded that smoking causes more reduction in NCV than gutka chewing.

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