scholarly journals A CASE CONTROL STUDY ON DETERMINANTS OF CHILDHOOD ASTHMA IN SCHOOL CHIL-DREN OF CHITRADURGA CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Prakruthi G. M. ◽  
Bharathi D. R. ◽  
Yogananda R.
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
Control Study

Objective: Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease in which many cells and cellular elements play a role often arising from allergies, subsequently cause shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing it affects children in different ways. To study the sociodemographic characteristics of asthmatic children and compare the predisposing factors of asthma in children.Methods: A Community based Case control study in selected schools in chitradurga for a period of 6 mo. A total of 90 children, among which 30 asthma children and 60 non asthma children were participated. Odds ratio will be calculated to know the strength of association. chi square test will be calculated to the significance.Results: A total of 90 children aged<14 y data. Female children are more exposed to asthma than male. In childhood asthma age group between 10-14years the age group of 10 y(26.7%) and 12 y (26.7%) were more exposed to the asthma.Conclusion: In Chitradurga city, the study area, is of no exception with regard to case control. From the total of 90 children selected for the study majority were found risk factors affected. It was due to their family history, exposure to pet animals, allergy, age group, BMI and sex.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA USIA, PARITAS, PEKERJAAN DAN INDEK MASSA TUBUH DENGAN KEJADIAN PROLAP ORGAN PANGGUL BERDASARKAN SKOR PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE QUANTIFICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Ermawati Ermawati ◽  
Hafni Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Case Control ◽  
T Test ◽  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Prolap organ panggul merupakan kondisi yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup wanita. Prolaps organ panggul ini dapat disebabkan oleh perlukaan sewaktu proses persalinan, proses penuaan, komposisi jaringan pada seorang wanita, batuk- batuk kronis, atau sering melakukan pekerjaan berat. Pengenalan dini prolaps terkait dengan prognosis pemulihan anatomik dan fungsional organ panggul. Hingga kini, penerapannya dalam dunia klinis belum banyak sehingga pelatihan dan pembelajaran lebih lanjut tentang pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ) jelas diperlukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode case control study di polikilinik Obgin RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang mulai bulan September 2013 sampai jumlah sampel terpenuhi sebanyak 98 orang. Dengan 49 orang kelompok kontrol dan 49 orang kelompok kasus .Analisis dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan usia, paritas, pekerjaan dan indek massa tubuh dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul berdasarkan skor POPQ. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Data diuji dengan t test dan chi square test. Jika p<0,05 menunjukan hasil yang bermakna. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul dengan (p<0,05) dan OR 27,871.terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara paritas dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul dengan (p<0,05) dan OR 52,970.Dari analisa statistik pekerjaan tidak bisa di uji secara statistik.indek massa tubuh tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna terhadap kejadian prolap organ panggul.(p>0,05)

scholarly journals Household mold exposure interacts with inflammation-related genetic variants on childhood asthma: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Li Hua ◽  
Quan-Hua Liu ◽  
Shu-Yuan Chu ◽  
Yue-Xin Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Mold Exposure ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background A number of studies have examined the association between mold exposure and childhood asthma. However, the conclusions were inconsistent, which might be partly attributable to the lack of consideration of gene function, especially the key genes affecting the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. Research on the interactions between genes and mold exposure on childhood asthma is still very limited. We therefore examined whether there is an interaction between inflammation-related genes and mold exposure on childhood asthma. Methods A case–control study with 645 asthmatic children and 910 non-asthmatic children aged 3–12 years old was conducted. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in inflammation-related genes were genotyped using MassARRAY assay. Mold exposure was defined as self-reported visible mold on the walls. Associations between visible mold exposure, SNPs and childhood asthma were evaluated using logistic regression models. In addition, crossover analyses were used to estimate the gene-environment interactions on childhood asthma on an additive scale. Results After excluding children without information on visible mold exposure or SNPs, 608 asthmatic and 839 non-asthmatic children were included in the analyses. Visible mold exposure was reported in 151 asthmatic (24.8%) and 119 non-asthmatic children (14.2%) (aOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.62–2.97). The rs7216389 SNP in gasdermin B gene (GSDMB) increased the risk of childhood asthma with each C to T substitution in a dose-dependent pattern (additive model, aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.11–1.57). Children carrying the rs7216389 T allele and exposed to visible mold dramatically increased the risk of childhood asthma (aOR 3.21; 95% CI 1.77–5.99). The attributable proportion due to the interaction (AP: 0.47, 95% CI 0.03–0.90) and the relative excess risk due to the interaction (RERI: 1.49, 95% CI 0–2.99) were statistically significant. Conclusions In the present study, there was a significant additive interaction between visible mold exposure and rs7216389 SNP on childhood asthma. Future studies need to consider the gene-environment interactions when exploring the risk factors of childhood asthma.

scholarly journals QT Interval Changes in Children With Febrile Convulsion Comparing With Healthy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alireza Teimouri ◽  
◽  
Noor Mohammad Noori ◽  
Ali Khajeh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qt Interval ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Febrile Convulsion ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pediatric Cardiologist ◽  
Control Study

A temperature-related seizure is a febrile seizure that affects the QT interval. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the QT interval caused by febrile convulsion compared with healthy children. Method This case-control study considered the distribution of 180 children equally shared between patients and controls. The study was conducted at the "Ali Ebne Abi Talib" Hospital in Zahedan, Iran. The disease diagnosed and confirmed based on standard definitions of febrile convulsion. QT interval measured by ECG and interpreted by a pediatric cardiologist and collected data were analyzed with SPSS 19 considering 0.05 as significant error. Results Among the ECG parameters, HR, R in aVL, S in V3, LVM, QTd, QTc and QTcd were significantly different in children with febrile convulsion compared to the peers. From those who had abnormal QTd, FC children were more frequented but not significant (CHI SQUARE=1.053, p=0.248), when children with FC were more in abnormality regarding QTc (CHI SQUARE=13.032, p<0.001) and QTcd (CHI SQUARE=21.6, P<0.001) significantly. In children with FC, those who were aged less than 12 months, had the highest level of HR but not significant (CHI SQUARE=4.59, p=0.101). Similar trends occurred for R in aVL and S in V3 that were higher in the age group >24 months (p>0.05). LVM had the highest value in the age group of >24 months significantly (CHI SQUARE= 52.674, P<0.001) and the other QT parameters were same in Fc children with different age groups (P>0.05). Conclusion From the study concluded that dispersion corrected QT, corrected QT and dispersion QT changed significantly in children with febrile convulsion in comparing with the healthy children but with constant values in children with FC in different age groups.

scholarly journals Predictors of Death in Severe COVID-19 Patients at Millennium COVID-19 Care Center in Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endalkachew H. Maru ◽  
Tigist W. Leulseged ◽  
Ishmael S. Hassen ◽  
Wuletaw C. Zewde ◽  
Nigat W. Chamesew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs the number of new cases and death due to COVID-19 is increasing, understanding the characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients and identifying characteristics that lead to death is a key to make an informed decision. In Ethiopia, as of September 27, 2020, a total of 72,700 cases and 1165 deaths were reported.ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the determinants of death in Severe COVID-19 patients admitted to Millennium COVID-19 Care Center in Ethiopia.MethodsA case-control study of 147 Severe COVID-19 patients (49 deaths and 98 discharged alive cases) was conducted from August to September 2020. A comparison of underlying characteristics between cases (death) and controls (alive) was assessed using a chi-square test and an independent t-test with a p-value of <0.05 considered as having a statistically significant difference. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to assess a statistically significant association between the predictor variables and outcome of Severe COVID-19 (Alive Vs Death) where Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR), 95% CIs for AOR, and P-values were used for testing significance and interpretation of results.ResultsHaving diabetes mellitus (AOR= 3.257, 95% CI= 1.348, 7.867, p-value=0.00), fever (AOR=0.328, 95% CI: 0.123, 0.878, p-value= 0.027) and Shortness of breath (AOR= 4.034, 95% CI= 1.481, 10.988, p-value=0.006) were found to be significant predictors of death in Severe COVID-19 patients.ConclusionsThe outcome of death in Severe COVID-19 patients is found to be associated with exposures to being diabetic and having SOB at admission. On the other hand, having a fever at admission was associated with a favorable outcome of being discharged alive.

scholarly journals A case control study of nasal passage changes in repaired cleft lip and/or plate deformity with persons without any such deformity

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
M. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nasal Passage ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cleft lip with or without an associated cleft palate (CLP) is one of the most common congenital birth defects. Both the frequency with which it occurs and the high psychosocial and financial costs associated with CLP contribute to a significant public health interest in the condition. The aim of the present study is to assess the nasal passage changes in repaired cleft lip and/or plate deformity with persons without any such deformity.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a case-control study comprising of 2 groups. Carried out in 25 patients with 15 years and above admitted in plastic surgery or ENT Department of Gandhi Memorial and associated hospital or in patients in whom surgery has been performed earlier. After taking written informed consents from family members or legal guardians detailed history with presenting complaints was taken. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using the Microsoft Excel and SPSS windows version 16.0 software. Tests of significance like Chi-square test are applied to find out the results.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean age of cases in 25.8 years and control 28.7. Deviation of nasal septum was present in 68% cases and 28% in control. Nasal obstruction left side in higher in cases than control. Deviation of nasal septum (L) was more common in cleft because most of the patient had cleft in left side. Caudal dislocation was also common in cleft. It was opposite to the side of cleft. It was common on right side because most of the patients have cleft on left side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Nasal airflow analysis would be particularly helpful in such investigations. The commonest presenting symptom is nasal obstruction. It is due to deviation of nasal septum.</p>

scholarly journals Association of Interleukin-6-174 G/C Gene Promotor Polymorphism with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Adolescence Age Group: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Egorovich Khalchitsky ◽  
Marina Vanikovna Sogoyan ◽  
Alexei Nicolaevich Kozhevnikov ◽  
Sergei Valentinovich Vissarionov ◽  
Alexei Georgievich Baindurashvili
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
European Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with unknown pathogenesis. The disease is multifactorial, however, the exact causes of the occurrence, as well as the targets of the autoimmune process, are unknown. Genes candidate for a predisposition to RA are cytokine genes. Of the cytokines, IL-6 is considered a key mediator of systemic and localized inflammation in RA. Aim: The comparative analysis of the frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes IL-6 -174G/C polymorphism in patients with RA and in the control group to determine the genotype most characteristic of this disease. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in a group of 136 children with RA aged 14 to 18 years. In the control group, there were 143 practically healthy children of similar age without RA and orthopedic pathology. Both groups were tested for polymorphism IL-6 -174G/C using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time PCR). The results were statistically processed using the Pearson's Chi-square test. Results: The distribution of -174G/C genotypes in the IL-6 gene is significantly different in patients with RA when compared with the control group. In patients with RA, heterozygous carriers of -174G/C (52.94%) prevail, while in the control group the most numerous group are homozygous carriers of -174G/G (40.56%). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was possible to identify significant differences in the distribution of the genotypes -174 G/C polymorphism in the IL-6 gene between patients with RA and subjects of the control group. In relation to the European population of the Russian Federation, this polymorphism can serve as a diagnostic marker in the study of the pathogenesis of RA.

scholarly journals Kejadian Demam Tifoid di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pagiyanten

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Farissa Ulfa ◽  
Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eating Habit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRAK Kasus demam tifoid di Kabupaten Tegal pada tahun 2016 yaitu sebanyak 11.387 kasus dan Puskesmas Pagiyanten merupakan puskesmas dengan jumlah kasus demam tifoid tertinggi yaitu sebanyak 377 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian demam tifoid di Puskesmas Pagiyanten Kabupaten Tegal.  Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi case control dengan sampel sebesar 43 kasus dan 43 kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil yang didapatkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian demam tifoid meliputi kebiasaan makan di luar rumah (p-value=0,001), kebiasaan mencuci tangan sebelum makan (p-value=0,02), kebiasaan mencuci tangan setelah BAB (p-value=0,04), kebiasaan mencuci bahan makanan mentah (p-value=0,007), dan jamban sehat (p-value=0,04). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara kebiasaan makan di luar rumah, kebiasaan mencuci tangan sebelum makan, kebiasaan mencuci tangan setelah BAB. kebiasaan mencuci bahan makanan mentah, dan jamban sehat dengan kejadian demam tifoid di Puskesmas Pagiyanten Kabupaten Tegal.   Kata Kunci: Faktor Risiko, Demam Tifoid   ABSTRACT Typhoid fever in Tegal regency in 2016 were 11,387 cases, and Puskesmas Pagiyanten with the highest number of cases of typhoid fever of 377 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of typhoid fever in Puskesmas Pagiyanten Tegal regency. The research used case control study with 43 cases and 43 controls. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate using chi-square test. The results of factors related to the occurrence of typhoid fever include eating habits outside the home (p-value=0.001), hand washing before eating habits (p-value=0.02), hand washing habit after defecate (p-value=0.04), the habit of washing raw food (p-value=0,007), and healthy latrines (p-value=0,04). The conclusion of this research is there is a relationship between eating habits outside the home, the habit of washing hands before eating, habit of washing hands after defecate, the habit of washing raw food, and healthy latrines with the incidence of typhoid fever in Puskesmas Pagiyanten Kabupaten Tegal. Keywords: Risk Factors, Typhoid Fever

scholarly journals Anatomical Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Cortex in Patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Cledinaldo Lira Junior ◽  
Diego Henrique Pires Gonçalves ◽  
Kamilly de Lourdes Ramalho Frazão ◽  
Sandra Aparecida Marinho ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Gonçalves De Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Aims: To evaluate the mandibular bone cortical of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis on panoramic radiograph, through radiomorfometric indices. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Diagnostic Imaging of the Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campus VIII, in the city of Araruna, PB, between January and December of 2015. Methodology: Panoramic radiographs of sixteen patients with mucopolysaccharidosis and 32 controls, organized by gender and age, composed the sample. The mandibular panoramic index, gonial index, antegonial index and mental index were evaluated. Pearson's Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney test were used to statistical analysis with a level of significance of 5.0%. Results: Mucopolysaccharidosis patients were mostly female (62.5%), with a mean age of 12.31 + 7.16 years, MPS VI (50.0%) being the most prevalent. Patients with mucopolysaccharidosis had higher values in the gonial (1.86+0.48), the antegonical (4.36+1.24) and the mental (5.24+1.21). However, only the antegoniac index presented a significant difference (P=0.047). Conclusion: The antegoniac index was higher in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis and the other radiomorphometric measures were similar to those observed in the control group. Apparently, mucopolysaccharidosis is not related to decreased bone to mandibular quality.

Risk Factors for Clinically Diagnosed Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study of a Greek Population

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Tsolaki ◽  
Konstantinos Fountoulakis ◽  
Elen Chantzi ◽  
Aristides Kazis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Many efforts have been made to trace the causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are, however, many points of controversy among reports from the same country as well as among reports from different countries. The current study is a case-control study to determine the risk factors in the development of AD in Greece. Sixty-five patients with AD and 69 age-matched controls were examined. All patients with AD fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for AD and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable AD. Demographic characteristics such as gender, current marital status, who he/she is living with, education, main place of residence in childhood, adulthood, and late life, occupational hazards, patient's medical history (history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension), life habits like alcohol consumption and smoking, and a history of head trauma, heart attack, stroke, parkinsonism, or depression were collected from the subject or from an informant. A family history of selected diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dementia, Parkinson's disease, Down's syndrome, stroke) was also elicited. Ages of father and mother at birth were also recorded. Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance, cluster analysis, and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. The results (chi-square test) showed a statistically significant difference between patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type and controls as far as marital status (p = .04), the subject's history of major depressive episode (p = .02), and family history of dementia (p = .002) were concerned. Logistic regression analysis results produced a complex model of family aggregation of dementia, with patients with a history of depression and family history of dementia having an up to seven times higher risk of developing AD. These findings, especially a family history of dementia, are consistent with most of the literature.

Analisis Faktor Ibu yang Pernah Bersalin Nomal Mengalami Risiko Bedah CCaesarea

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Siti maisyaroh Fitri Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dominant Influence ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT               The objective of the research was to analyze the risk factors of  women with the history of normal childbirth had delivery by section caesarea.             The research used observational analytic method with case-control study design. The samples consisted of 42 cases and 42 controls, taken by using consecutive sampling technique. Dependent variable was childbirth with CS and independent variables were parity, accompanied illness, and reference. The gathered data were analyzed by using univatriate analysis, bivariate analysis with chi square test, and multivatriate analysis at α = 0.05.             The result of the research from multivariate analysis showed that the variables which had significant influence on childbirth with SC were parity (p = 0.006; OR = 5.801 95% CI = 1.642-19.110),accompanied illness (p = 0.03; OR = 6.382 95% CI = 1.198-33.992), and reference (p = 0.003; OR = 6.350 95% CI = 1.874-21.522). The variable which had the most dominant influence childbirth with CS was accompanied illness. p-value = 97% which indicated that childbirth women with the parity > 2 had accompanied illness and the reference to the hospital had the possibility to give birth with CS of 97%.             It is recommended to do family planning programme, and prevent the illness during pregnant, apply ANC according to the standard, and make sure that the childbirth is safe from Period I to Period III.   Keywords: Risk Factor, Caesarea, Case-Control

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