scholarly journals Study of endothelial function in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus by flow mediated dilation of brachial artery

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2377
Author(s):  
Nidhi Pandey ◽  
Poonam Goel ◽  
Anita Malhotra ◽  
Reeti Mehra ◽  
Navjot Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: The objective of the study was to assess vascular function in normal pregnant women and women with gestational diabetes and to study its temporal relationship with gestational age at 24-28-week POG and at 36-38-week POG and changes in FMD in postpartum period.Methods: Assessment of vascular function was done at 24-28-week POG, 36-38-week POG and at 6-12-week postpartum by flow mediated dilation of brachial artery in 37 healthy pregnant women and 37 pregnant women with GDM.Results: In GDM group mean FMD at 24-28 weeks of POG, at 36-38 weeks POG was lower as compared to the control group (11.225±6.20,8.464±6.09 versus 14.49±5.21, 10.898±4.12) although the difference in mean FMD in two groups was not statistically significant. It was found that the decrease in FMD at 36-38-week POG as compared to 24-28 weeks POG was statistically significant in both the groups (p<0.001).Conclusions: This study revealed that when endothelial function as assessed by FMD was compared at different period of gestation, the mean decrease in FMD at 36-38-week POG as compared to 24-28-week POG and 6-week post-partum was statistically significant in patients with GDM and as well as the control group, however this trend of change was same in both the groups and was not statistically significant when compared between the two group (GDM versus control). A negative correlation of FMD was found with BMI, and HBA1c, that was stronger in GDM group.

Assessment of endothelial function in pregnant women with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus by flow-mediated dilation of brachial artery

2014 ◽  
Vol 290 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Brandão de Resende Guimarães ◽  
Augusto Henriques Fulgêncio Brandão ◽  
Cezar Alencar de Lima Rezende ◽  
Antônio Carlos Vieira Cabral ◽  
Ana Paula Brum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation

The effect of ear acupressure medicine at the “Shen Men” point on the nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774-1779
Author(s):  
Sanaz Nehbandani ◽  
Hajar Salehi ◽  
Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie ◽  
Hossein Rashki Ghalenow ◽  
Fatemeh Mirzaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Introduction & Objective: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that more than 85% of pregnant women experience. However, controlling and treating this complication is still one of the most important issues in antenatal care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ear acupressure at Shen Men point on relieving nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 100 pregnant women with a gestational age of less than 16 weeks attending the health clinics of Zabol city during 2019-2020 were studied in two control and intervention groups (n = 50 in each group). The samples in the intervention group were trained to apply pressure on their ears’ Shen Men point with the thumb for three minutes three times a day (morning, noon, and night), for a duration of one month. At the end of second and fourth weeks, the data were collected using the Rhodes index form and then, were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gestational age, occupation and education. The difference in the mean scores of nausea, vomiting and retching was not statistically significant between the control and intervention groups before the study. But four weeks after the study, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching between the two groups, so that the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: The ear acupressure medicine at the Shen men point can be used as a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive method to relieve nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Keywords: Acupressure medicine, Shen Men, Vomiting, Pregnancy, Nausea, Retching, Rhodosis

scholarly journals Noninvasive Assessment of Endothelium-Dependent Flow-Mediated Dilation of the Brachial Artery

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akimi Uehata ◽  
Eric H Lieberman ◽  
Marie D Gerhard ◽  
Todd J Anderson ◽  
Peter Ganz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Intraobserver Variability ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Noninvasive Technique ◽  
Brachial Artery Diameter ◽  
Cuff Occlusion

Coronary atherosclerosis is characterized by an early loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. However, the methods of assessing coronary endothelial function are invasive and difficult to repeat over time. Recently, a noninvasive ultrasound method has been widely used to measure flow-mediated dilation in the brachial artery as a surrogate test for endothelial function. We seek to further validate this method of measuring vascular function. The brachial artery diameters and blood flow of 20 normal volunteers (10 males and 10 females) were measured using high resolution (7.5 MHz) ultrasound and strain gauge plethysmography. Flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation was measured in the brachial artery during reactive hyperemia after 5 minutes of cuff occlusion in the upper arm. The brachial artery diameter increased maximally by 9.7 ± 4.3% from baseline at 1 min after cuff release and blood flow increased by 1002 ± 376%. Five min of cuff occlusion was sufficient to achieve 97 ± 6% of maximal brachial artery dilation and degree of dilation was not different whether the cuff was inflated proximally or distally to the image site. The intraobserver variability in measuring brachial diameters was 2.9 % and the variability of the hyperemic response was 1.4%. In young, healthy men and women, the baseline brachial artery diameter was the only factor that was predictive of the flow-mediated vasodilation response. The brachial noninvasive technique has been further validated by the determination of flow-mediated dilation. This method of assessing endothelial function may help to determine the importance of vasodilator dysfunction as a risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Plasma Levels of Free Fatty Acids in Women with Gestational Diabetes and Its Intrinsic and Extrinsic Determinants: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jose Rafael Villafan-Bernal ◽  
Mariana Acevedo-Alba ◽  
Rodrigo Reyes-Pavon ◽  
Guillermo Andres Diaz-Parra ◽  
Diana Lucia Lip-Sosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Induce Insulin Resistance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background. Free fatty acids, also known as nonesterified fatty acids, are proinflammatory molecules that induce insulin resistance in nonpregnant individuals. Nevertheless, the concentration of these molecules has not been systematically addressed in pregnant women. Objective. This meta-analysis is aimed at evaluating the difference in free fatty acid plasma levels between women with gestational diabetes and healthy pregnant controls and their intrinsic and extrinsic determinants. Methods. We performed a systematic search to find relevant studies published in English and Spanish using PubMed, SCOPUS, and ISI Web of Knowledge. We included observational studies measuring the mean plasma levels of free fatty acids among gestational diabetes and healthy pregnant women, with at least ten subjects being analyzed in each group. The standardized mean difference (SMD) by random effects modeling was used. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q, H, and I2 statistics. Results. Among the 290 identified studies, twelve were selected for analysis. A total of 2426 women were included, from which 21% were diagnosed as having gestational diabetes. There were significantly higher levels of free fatty acids among women with gestational diabetes (SMD: 0.86; 0.54-1.18; p<0.001) when compared to healthy pregnant controls and between-study heterogeneity (I2=91%). The metaregression analysis showed that the gestational age at inclusion was the only cofactor influencing the mean levels of free fatty acids, indicating a trend towards lower plasma levels of free fatty acids later in gestation (estimate: -0.074; -0.143 to -0.004; p=0.036). No significant publication bias was found nor a trend towards greater results in small studies. Conclusions. Women with gestational diabetes have higher levels of free fatty acids when compared to healthy pregnant controls. More investigation is needed to assess the potential role of free fatty acids in the prediction of gestational diabetes earlier in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Platelet count estimation: a prognostic index in pregnancy induced hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Aakriti Gupta ◽  
Jyoti Hak ◽  
Isha Sunil ◽  
Amita Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the serious complications of pregnancy with an incidence of 5% to 7% of all pregnancies, particularly in cases with preeclampsia and eclampsia. Though platelet count during pregnancy is within the normal non pregnant reference values, there is a tendency for the platelet count to fall in late pregnancy. The frequency and intensity of maternal thrombocytopenia varies and is dependent on the intensity of the disease process and duration of PIH syndrome.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 200 pregnant women attending OPD Or Inpatients in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu from November 2015 to October 2016. Pregnant women beyond 28 weeks gestation of pregnancy are included and divided into two groups i.e. the study and control group. Platelet counts will be done every 4 weeks in controls and weekly in subjects from 28 weeks till delivery.Results: The mean platelet count observed among cases of mild preecclampsia, severe preeclampsia and ecclampsia was 2.26, 1.63 and 0.99 lakh/mm3 respectively. The difference in mean platelet count among cases and controls was statistically significant. The association of platelet count with severity of different categories of PIH was analysed statistically and was highly significant.Conclusions: Platelet count is a very important investigation for the antenatal mother having PIH, as it is directly related to maternal and perinatal outcome. Routine and regular monitoring of platelet count can be included in the routine antenatal checkup among the pregnant women with PIH.

Low flow-mediated constriction occurs in the radial but not the brachial artery in healthy pregnant and nonpregnant women

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1097-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey L. Weissgerber ◽  
Gregory A. L. Davies ◽  
Michael E. Tschakovsky
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Brachial Artery Diameter ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Positive Correlations

Radial artery diameter decreases when a wrist cuff is inflated to stop blood flow to distal tissue. This phenomenon, referred to as low flow-mediated vasoconstriction (L-FMC), was proposed as a vascular function test. Recommendations that L-FMC be measured concurrently with flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were based on radial artery data. However, cardiovascular disease prediction studies traditionally measure brachial artery FMD. Therefore, studies should determine whether L-FMC occurs in the brachial artery. The hypothesis that reduced shear causes L-FMC has not been tested. Brachial and radial artery L-FMC and FMD were assessed in active nonpregnant ( n = 17), inactive nonpregnant ( n = 10), active pregnant ( n = 15, 34.1 ± 1.2 wk gestation), and inactive pregnant ( n = 8, 34.2 ± 2.2 wk gestation) women. Radial artery diameter decreased significantly during occlusion in all groups (nonpregnant, −4.4 ± 4.2%; pregnant, −6.4 ± 3.2%). Brachial artery diameter did not change in active and inactive nonpregnant, and inactive pregnant women; however, the small decrease in active pregnant women was significant. Occlusion decreased shear rate in both arteries, yet L-FMC only occurred in the radial artery. Radial artery L-FMC was not correlated with the reduction in shear rate. L-FMC occurs in the radial but not the brachial artery and is not related to changes in shear rate. Positive correlations between L-FMC (negative values) and FMD (positive values) suggest that radial artery FMD may be reduced among women who experience greater L-FMC. Studies should clarify the underlying stimulus and mechanisms regulating L-FMC, and test the hypothesis that endothelial dysfunction is manifested as enhanced brachial artery L-FMC, but attenuated radial artery L-FMC.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MULTI MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION ON HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ANEMIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-685
Author(s):  
Rati Purnama Sari ◽  
Noor Pramono ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Muchlis Achsan Udji Sofro ◽  
Melyana Nurul Widyawati
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micronutrient Supplementation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
The Difference

Background: The coverage of 90 Fe tablets in Semarang in 2015 was 26.619 of 29.490 pregnant women (97%) but the incidence of anemia in pregnant women was still quite high. One important factor which influences the levels of hemoglobin is multi micronutrient.Objective: This study aims to analyze the changes in hemoglobin levels with multi micronutrient supplementation in pregnant women with anemia.Methods: A Quasy experimental study with randomized control group pre-post test design. The study samples were 40 pregnant women with gestational age of 20 ± 1 weeks divided into two groups, the intervention group (multi micronutrient supplementation) and the control group (Fe supplementation) for 6 weeks. The study was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017. The levels of hemoglobin were measured using cyanmethohemoglobin. Paired t test and independent t test were used for data analyses.Results: The mean increase in hemoglobin levels after multi micronutrient supplementation was 1.545 (1.292) g/dl, whereas the mean increase in hemoglobin levels after Fe supplementation was 0.757 (0.742) g/dl. The difference in hemoglobin levels before and after multi micronutrient supplementation was significantly different (p=0.049). Cohen’s d effect size test showed value of 0.748.Conclusion: Multi micronutrient supplementation could improve hemoglobin levels. Increase in the levels of hemoglobin with multi micronutrient supplementation was higher than Fe supplementation. 

scholarly journals Perbedaan Penurunan Tinggi Fundus Uteri Pada Ibu Nifas Yang Dilakukan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD) DAN IMD Dengan Diberikan Jus Nanas Di BPM Tias Susianah Lampung Utara Tahun 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neneng Siti Latifah ◽  
Sunarsih Sunarsih ◽  
Tias Susianah
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pineapple Juice ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Postpartum Mothers ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background : Postpartum maternal health services are health services for postpartum mothers according to standards. Based on the results of the preliminary survey conducted at BPM Tias Susianah on average every month, the number of deliveries was 95 people and from the results of the prasurvey conducted on 25-27 February 2018 of 10 post partum mothers there were 7 post partum mothers who said mothers had not ever consumed pineapple juice both from pregnancy to the puerperium. The purpose of the study was to know the difference in the decline of Fundus Uteri height in postpartum mothers who performed Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) and IMD and given Pineapple Juice at Tias Susianah BPM North Lampung in 2018. Method: This type of quantitative research with Quasi Experimental design is nonequivalent control group Design. The study population of all primiparous postpartum mothers was 946 postpartum mothers who gave birth normally with an average of 78 postpartum mothers per month, with a sample of 34 purposive sampling techniques. Data is taken with an observation sheet. Univariate data analysis and bivariate t test (t-test). Result: The results of the study showed a decrease in TFU before and after being given intervention in the case group with a significance value of P = 0.000 (<0.05) and t = 44.1. There was a decrease in TFU before and after the intervention was given to the control group with a significance value of P = 0,000 (<0,05) and t = 57,176. There was a difference in the difference in TFU reduction between the experimental and control groups as seen from the average difference in TFU decline in the two groups. The mean TFU reduction in the experimental group was 7.78 cm and the mean TFU reduction in the control group was 6.95cm with a mean value of 0.83 significance P = 0.000 so it can be concluded that there were differences in TFU reduction in the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: It is expected that Puskesmas can participate in providing counseling to post partum mothers to consume pineapple juice as an alternative to accelerate the healing or recovery process and minimize consumption ofpharmacological drugs

scholarly journals Study of serum FT3, FT4 and TSH in pregnant women

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Shahanara Yeasmin ◽  
AFM Anwar Hossain ◽  
Tahmina Yeasmin ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tsh Levels

Background: Thyroid diseases have a strong predominance in woman of childbearing age. Pregnancy may be associated with thyroid dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to assess the serum FT3, FT4 and TSH levels in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was done in the Department of Physiology of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2006 to June 2007. Total 50 apparently healthy women of low socioeconomic class, age ranged from 18-40 years were selected from the Outpatient Department of Urban Primary Health Care Project (UPHCP) at Mirpur, Dhaka. Out of them 30 pregnant women of different trimester were taken as study group (group A) and 20 age matched non pregnant women were taken as control (group B). Serum FT3, FT4 and TSH levels were parameters in both groups. Statistical analysis was done by the SPSS version 12.0. Results: The mean serum FT3 levels were 6.36±1.16 pmol/L and 6.381.36 pmol/L in group A (Study) and group B (control) respectively. The mean serum FT4 levels were 20.25±4.77 pmol/L and 19.39±8.17 pmol/L in group A (Study) and group B (control) respectively. The mean serum TSH levels were 0.96±0.96 mIu/L and 1.27±0.86 mIu/L in group A (Study) and group B (control) respectively. The difference was not significant (p>0.05) between group A and B. Conclusion: From the results obtained in the present study, it may be concluded that there is no change of serum FT3, FT4 and TSH level in pregnancy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i1.22697 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.1, April, 2014, Page 68-72

scholarly journals The effect of ear acupressure medicine at the “Shen Men” point on the nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1602-1606
Author(s):  
Sanaz Nehbandani ◽  
Hajar Salehi ◽  
Khadijerezaie Keikhaie ◽  
Hossein Rashki Ghalenow ◽  
Fatemeh Mirzaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that more than 85% of pregnant women experience. However, controlling and treating this complication is still one of the most important issues in antenatal care. Aim: To investigate the effect of ear acupressure at Shen Men point on relieving nausea, vomiting and retchingduring pregnancy. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 100 pregnant women with a gestational age of less than 16 weeks attending the health clinics ofZabol city during 2019-2020 were studied in two control and intervention groups (n = 50 in each group). The samples in the intervention group weretrained to apply pressure ontheirears’Shen Men point with the thumb for three minutes three times a day (morning, noon, and night), for a duration of one month. At the end of second and fourth weeks, the data were collected using the Rhodes index form and then, were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gestational age, occupation and education. The difference in the mean scores of nausea, vomiting and retching was not statistically significant between the control and intervention groups before the study. But four weeks after the study, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching between the two groups, so that the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: The ear acupressure medicine at the Shen men point can be used as a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive method to relieve nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Keywords :Acupressure medicine, Shen Men, Vomiting, Pregnancy, Nausea, Retching, Rhodosis

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