scholarly journals Methylen tetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme gene C677T and A1298C mutations in primigravida with first trimester missed abortion: cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 836
Author(s):  
Nermeen Mohamed Hefila
Keyword(s):  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Mthfr C677t ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mthfr A1298c ◽  
Total Prevalence

Background: This work aimed to correlate between MTHFR C677T and A1298C genes (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) mutation and first trimester missed abortion in primigravida to identify pregnant ladies who need anticoagulation therapy to improve pregnancy outcome. The conducted study was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from females recruited from EL Shatby hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. The present study was done on 40 primigravida females recruited from EL Shatby hospital. Methods: All participating women were primigravida in their first trimester with missed abortion. Blood specimens were collected from all cases involved in the study for DNA extraction and genotype analysis based on PCR and reverse hybridization. The mutations studied are the MTHFR C667T and A1298C genes. Main outcome measures: The MTHFR C667T mutations in our study is not significantly related to abortion in primigravida while MTHFR A1298C mutations prevalence were appeared significantly have a relation to abortion.Results: In the current study, the prevalence of MTHFR A1298C mutations was in 52.5% of cases, with homozygosity in 15 % of cases and heterozygosity in 37.5% of cases. However, the total prevalence of the MTHFR C667T gene mutations was 30% of cases only and all are heterozygous. Four cases were prevalent with combined thrombophilia (MTHFR C677T and A1298C) in the participating cases. Finally, the number of individuals were assessed for each of the gene mutations based on of homozygous or heterozygous. No homozygous cases were detected for MTHFR C667T gene mutation.Conclusions: In this current study, there is an association between miscarriage and thrombophilia.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude of pregnant women towards preeclampsia and its associated factors in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a multi‐center facility‐based cross‐sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maru Mekie ◽  
Dagne Addisu ◽  
Minale Bezie ◽  
Abenezer Melkie ◽  
Dejen Getaneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
South Gondar

Abstract Background Preeclampsia has the greatest impact on maternal mortality which complicates nearly a tenth of pregnancies worldwide. It is one of the top five maternal mortality causes and responsible for 16 % of direct maternal death in Ethiopia. Little is known about the level of knowledge and attitude towards preeclampsia in Ethiopia. This study was designed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards preeclampsia and its associated factors in South Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A multicenter facility-based cross-sectional study was implemented in four selected hospitals of South Gondar Zone among 423 pregnant women. Multistage random sampling and systematic random sampling techniques were used to select the study sites and the study participants respectively. Data were entered in EpiData version 3.1 while cleaned and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Adjusted odds ratio with 95 % confidence interval were used to identify the significance of the association between the level of knowledge on preeclampsia and its predictors. Results In this study, 118 (28.8 %), 120 (29.3 %) of the study participants had good knowledge and a positive attitude towards preeclampsia respectively. The likelihood of having good knowledge on preeclampsia was found to be low among women with no education (AOR = 0.22, 95 % CI (0.06, 0.85)), one antenatal care visit (ANC) (AOR = 0.13, 95 % CI (0.03, 0.59)). Whereas, those who booked for ANC in the first trimester (AOR = 6.59, 95 % CI (1.43, 30.33)), gave the last birth at a health facility (AOR = 2.61, 955 CI (1.03, 6.61)), and experienced a complication during previous births (AOR = 3.67, 95 % CI (1.78, 7.57)) were more likely to be knowledgeable on preeclampsia. Conclusions No formal education and not attending four ANC visits were associated with poor knowledge of preeclampsia. While participants who visited health facilities during the first trimester, who gave birth at health facilities, and those who experienced a complication in previous births were more likely to be knowledgeable on preeclampsia. Improving the numbers of ANC visits and encouraging facility delivery are important measures to improve women’s knowledge on preeclampsia. Health education regarding preeclampsia risk factors, symptoms, and complications shall be emphasized.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia in the pediatric population: a cross-sectional study of a Japanese health insurance database

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Ito ◽  
Tomoko Torii ◽  
Akihiro Nakajima ◽  
Takeshi Iijima ◽  
Hiroshi Murano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Insurance Claims ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Health Insurance Claims

Abstract Background Although gout is rare in children, chronic sustained hyperuricemia can lead to monosodium urate deposits progressing to gout, just as in adults. This study assessed prevalence and characteristics of gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia, and incidence of gouty arthritis in the pediatric population, using data from Japanese health insurance claims. The diagnosis and treatment of pediatric gout and hyperuricemia were analyzed, and specific characteristics of those patients were assessed. Since Japanese guidelines recommend treatment with uric acid lowering drugs for asymptomatic hyperuricemia as well as for gout, these data were also used to investigate the real-world use of uric acid lowering drugs in a pediatric population. Methods This cross-sectional study was based on a 2016–2017 Japanese health insurance claims database, one of the largest epidemiology claims databases available in Japan, which included 356,790 males and 339,487 females 0–18 years of age. Outcomes were measured for prevalence, patient characteristics, treatment with uric acid lowering drugs for gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia, and prevalence and incidence of gouty arthritis. Because uric acid can be elevated by some forms of chemotherapy, data from patients under treatment for malignancies were excluded from consideration. Results Total prevalence of gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia in 0–18 year-olds was 0.040% (276/696,277 patients), with gout prevalence at 0.007% (48/696,277) and asymptomatic hyperuricemia at 0.033% (228/696,277). Prevalence of gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia was highest in adolescent males, at 0.135% (176/130,823). The most common comorbidities for gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia were metabolic syndrome at 42.8% (118/276) and kidney disease at 34.8% (96/276). Of the patients diagnosed with gout or asymptomatic hyperuricemia, 35.1% (97/276) were treated with uric acid lowering drugs. Gouty arthritis developed in 43.8% (21/48) of gout patients during the study, at an incidence of 0.65 flares/person-year. Conclusions Even the pediatric population could be affected by asymptomatic hyperuricemia, gout, and gouty arthritis, and uric acid lowering drugs are being used in this population even though those drugs have not been approved for pediatric indications. Such off-label use may indicate a potential need for therapeutic agents in this population. Trial registration UMIN000036029.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study to assess etiology and associated factors for anaemia during first trimester of pregnancy in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka: a protocol

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Gayani Amarasinghe ◽  
Vasana Mendis ◽  
Thilini Agampodi
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, is a significant global health problem. Despite Sri Lanka’s strong public health system and commitment towards prevention, maternal anaemia remains a major problem in the country. While prevention is focused on iron deficiency, detailed etiological studies on this topic are scarce. Moreover, estimates of socio demographic and economic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy, which can provide important clues for anaemia control, are also lacking. This study aims to evaluate the hemoglobin distribution, spatial distribution, etiology and associated factors for anaemia in pregnant women in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of pregnant women in their first trimester registered for antenatal care from July to September 2019 in the Anuradhapura district. The minimal sample size was calculated to be 1866. Initial data collection has already been carried out in special field clinics for pregnant women between June to October 2019. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a self-completed dietary questionnaire and an examination checklist were used for data collection. In addition, all participants underwent complete blood count testing. Further investigations are being conducted for predicting the etiology of anaemia based on a developed algorithm (such as high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] and peripheral blood film analysis). Discussion: Being the largest study on anaemia during pregnancy in a single geographical area in Sri Lanka, this study will provide important clues about geographical clustering of anaemia cases with similar etiology, associated factors and etiologies which would help to develop interventions to improve the health of pregnant women in the area. The possibility of selection bias is a potential limitation associated with the study design.

scholarly journals Maternal Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A Levels in Late First Trimester as a Predictor of Miscarriage- A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Sinha ◽  
Alpana Singh ◽  
BD Banerjee ◽  
Rachna Agarwal ◽  
Himsweta Srivastva
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asymptomatic Women

Indroduction: Miscarriage is the most common complication of pregnancy. Defective implantation is one of the common causes of miscarriage. Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) is secreted from syncytiotrophoblast and it enables trophoblast invasion. Few studies have shown association of PAPP-A with miscarriage. However, there is limited data available to establish the role of PAPP-A as a predictive marker of miscarriage, especially in Indian population. Aim: To determine the potential of maternal PAPP-A level estimation in asymptomatic women in late first trimester (10-13 weeks) with viable foetus in predicting subsequent miscarriage. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted from November 2016 to April 2018 at University College of Medical Science and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India. Asymptomatic pregnant women (N=500) at 10-13 weeks of gestation were recruited from an antenatal clinic after confirmation of foetal viability. A 2 mL of blood sample was collected and serum PAPP-A level was measured. Independent t-test and Chi-square test was used to compare continuous data and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare PAPP-A Multiple of Median (MOM). Logistic regression was used to estimate risk of miscarriage. Results: Out of 500 participants, 9 were lost to follow-up. From remaining N=491, 32 (6.5%) women had a miscarriage. PAPP-A levels were significantly decreased in miscarriage group compared to ongoing pregnancy group with median MOM 0.116 (0.080-0.17) and 1.25 (0.665-3.249) respectively (p-value <0.001). PAPP-A MOM value of ≤10th percentile sensitivity and specificity of detection of miscarriage was 81.25% and 94.98% and at ≤5th percentile sensitivity and specificity was 40.62% and 97.82%, respectively. Lower the percentile cut-off of serum PAPP-A value, higher was the specificity and positive predictive value for prediction of miscarriage. By applying logistic regression we found that if PAPP-A MOM decreases by 1 unit the chances of miscarriage increased by 1.2 times. By this model 63.2% of cases could be explained (Nagelkerke R Square=0.632). For prediction of pregnancies likely to miscarry, the area under Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve (95% CI) was 0.969 (0.955-0.983). Conclusion: Low serum PAPP-A levels from asymptomatic women in late 1st trimester is a good predictive marker of miscarriage.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of leptospirosis and fetal death in Yucatan, Mexico

2016 ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Fidelia Cárdenas Marrufo ◽  
Ignacio Vado Solis ◽  
Gaspar Fernando Peniche Lara ◽  
Carlos Perez Osorio ◽  
José Correa Segura
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease affecting mainly to low income human population. Acute leptospiral infection during pregnancy has been associated with spontaneous abortion and fetal death during the first trimester and the abortion may occur as consequence of systemic failure. Objective: To estimate the frequency of Leptospira interrogans infection in women with spontaneous abortion in the state of Yucatan, Mexico. Methods: A cross sectional study on women with spontaneous abortion was conducted. Serum samples were tested for Leptospirosis by the microaglutination test, to estimate the frequency of the infecting serovar. The indirect ELISA IgM was used to detect recent infection by L. interrogans. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue of placenta for PCR detection of L. interrogans. Results: Overall frequency of infection with L. interrogans in the 81 women with abortion was 13.6%. Five of the 12 serovars evaluated were found and included. Two of the 11 women with abortion and positive to microaglutination test were also positive to the ELISA IgM test. None samples were positive for PCR Leptospira diagnosis. Conclusion: two women could be associated with spontaneous abortion due to leptospirosis, because they showed antibodies against L. interrogans in the microaglutination test and ELISA IgM assays. Differences between regions were found with respect to the prevalences of lesptospirosis.

scholarly journals Visual Acuity Changes during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khashayar Mehdizadehkashi ◽  
Shahla Chaichian ◽  
Abolfazl Mehdizadehkashi ◽  
Ebrahim Jafarzadepour ◽  
Zeinab Tamannaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Myopic Shift

In this research, we represent the changes in visual acuity during pregnancy and after delivery. Changes as myopic shift start during second trimester and will be stopped after delivery; however it is obtained that women will have the same refractive error as what they had in the first trimester, after postpartum. So, any change in their spectacle prescription during this period is forbidden. As a result, not only changing in hormones can cause myopic shift in vision, but also overweight has its retributive role. What we are trying to do is to notify gynecologists and optometrists to be aware of these changes, so as to leave spectacle prescription writing to the session after postpartum period.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Caseness and its Obstetric Correlates in Pregnant Population Attending Antenatal Clinic in TUTH

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Regmee ◽  
S P Ojha ◽  
M Chapagain ◽  
P Tulachan ◽  
N Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Obstetric History ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Health And Development

Background: Prevalence rates for psychiatric disorders during pregnancy have been found to range from 6-13%. Psychiatric caseness during pregnancy not only affects the mother but also affects the health and development of the child. Various factors have been found to be associated with psychiatric caseness in different cultural and social settings including obstetric history. Objective: To evaluate the relation of obstetric history in pregnant population with psychiatric caseness.Methods: This is a cross sectional study with a total of 300 sample collected within 6 months in antenatal clinic of obstetric OPD, TUTH using semi-structured proforma and SRQ-24. Results: 15% of the pregnant women could be labeled as psychiatric cases. Trimester and, complication during current pregnancy showed statistically significant association with psychiatric caseness. Conclusion: As 15% of pregnant ANC attendees were found to be having psychiatric illness, it can be recommended that pregnant females be routinely screened for the possibility of psychiatric caseness especially if it is the first trimester or complication during this pregnancy is noted.J Psychiatric Association of Nepal Vol .3, No.2, 2014, pp:20-24DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v3i2.12383

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