scholarly journals A cross sectional study of the knowledge, attitude and practice of asha workers in implementation of Janani Suraksha Yojana in Tadikonda Mandal, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan Datta Syam Kumar Valiveti ◽  
Brahma Naidu Vinjam ◽  
Tharun Bandarupalli ◽  
Nageswara Rao Rachamadugu
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Janani Suraksha Yojana ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Institutional Deliveries

Background: Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) was evolved to reduce the maternal and neonatal mortality in India which is being implemented in Andhra Pradesh state also through ASHA workers by promoting 100% institutional deliveries to poor pregnant women. Study was undertaken to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of ASHA workers in delivering the JSY services.Methods: A cross sectional community based observational study conducted in the field practice area i.e. Tadikonada Mandal of Community Medicine Department, Guntur Medical College, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. Study sample was 50% of Tadikonda Mandal ASHA workers for 3 months (December 2012 to February 2013) with pre designed pilot tested semi structured questionnaire, Microsoft Excel.Results: Study revealed that there was 90 % of institutional deliveries, Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) was reduced to 20 per 1000 live births and Maternal Mortality Rate(MMR) was also reduced to 190 per 1,00,000 live births.Conclusions: Based on the results found in our study we came to a conclusion that in implementing the JSY services the ASHA workers are found as a back bone to reduce the IMR, MMR by promoting institutional deliveries.

Incidence of writing double NSAIDs in a single prescription for osteoarthritis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 702-706
Author(s):  
Niaz Hussain Keerio ◽  
Nasrullah Aamir ◽  
Nuresh Kumar ◽  
Masood Ahmad Qureshi ◽  
Hassan Amir us Saqlain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Bleeding Ulcers ◽  
Study Setting

 Objective: To determine how frequent NSAIDs are used for osteoarthritic patients because OA is common old age patients and NSAIDs can cause divesting complications on their health. In our study we tried to identify the main reasons and suggest a best possible solution. Study Design: Community Based Cross-sectional study. Setting: Mohammad Medical College and Hospital Mirpurkhas Pakistan. Period:  June 2018 to August 2018. Material & Methods: In this study, we included more than 300 prescriptions written for Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease. Prescriptions collected from hospital pharmacy (80%) and from other pharmacies (20%). Data was collected on preformed proforma and was analyzed in SPSS version 25. Results: Osteoarthritis mainly affects elderly population. NSAIDs are used for pain relief but can cause acute renal failure and GIT bleeding ulcers. In our study 69% patients were prescribed double NSAIDs. Traditional NSAIDs were used 95% of the time and only 5% percent of the time selective cox 2 were used. Along with these NSAIDS only 20% patient were given prophylactically gastroprotective agents like PPI and other medications. Conclusion: Prescription osteoarthritis include multiple NSAID without any protocol and over dosage was observed commonly.

scholarly journals Water and Sanitation Hygiene Practices for Under-Five Children among Households of Sugali Tribe of Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatashiva Reddy B ◽  
Yadlapalli S. Kusuma ◽  
Chandrakant S. Pandav ◽  
Anil Kumar Goswami ◽  
Anand Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dirty Hands ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Household Water

Background. Increased mortality is associated with poor household water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) practices. The objective was to study the WaSH practices for under-five children among households of Sugali Tribe, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four mandals in 2012. A total of 500 households with under-five children were identified. Data was collected from mothers/caregivers. A summary WaSH score was generated from four specific indices, water, sanitation, hygiene, and hand washing practices, and determinants were identified. Results. Of the total households, 69% reported doing nothing at home to make the water safe for drinking. Over 90% of the households reported storing water in a utensil covered with a lid and retrieving water by dipping glass in the vessels. Open defecation was a commonly reported practice (84.8%). About three-fifths of the study’s households reported using water and soap for cleaning dirty hands and one-third (37.4%) reported using water and soap after defecation. The median WaSH score was 15. In the hierarchical stepwise multiple linear regression, only socioeconomic variables were significantly associated with WaSH score. Conclusion. WaSH related practices were generally poor in people of the Sugali Tribe in Andhra Pradesh, India.

scholarly journals Epidemiological study of animal bite victims and admission in general surgery department, in Southern Odisha: a cross sectional institutional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibaprashad Pattanayak ◽  
Tapan Kumar Malla ◽  
Bipin Kishore Bara ◽  
Manoj Kumar Behera
Keyword(s):  
General Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Recent Estimate ◽  
Animal Bites ◽  
One Year ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: Human rabies continues to be endemic in India and according to recent estimate 20,000 persons die of this disease every year. Hence this study was conducted to know the prevalence and pattern of animal bites during last one year and to determine the rate of admission in Department of Surgery.Methods: This study was conducted in the casualty, Department of Community Medicine, Department of Surgery at M. K. C. G. Medical College, Odisha, India between 1st April 2016 - March 31st, 2017. It was a cross sectional study, where convenient sampling method was used. The sample size was 6242 subjects, above 1year age group selected randomly within last 1 year. The socio demographic characteristics, epidemiological and rate of admission in surgery department were studied.Results: It was found that during last one year, out of 6242 animal bite cases, majority of them were bitten by dogs 4785 (76.66%). It was found that 5617 (90%) are category III bite, 548 (8.78%) are category II bites, 77 (1.23%) are category I bite. Parts of body bitten by animals were limbs 5828 (93.37%), face 312 (5%), back 52 (0.83%). Out of 6242 cases, 348 (5.5%) cases were admitted in General Surgery Department.Conclusions: The prevalence of dog bite was found to be more and was of category III in nature and part of body affected were mostly limbs. Prevalence of bite was nearly equal among male and female. Around 5% of the total animal bite cases required admission in Department of Surgery.  

scholarly journals A study of breast feeding practices among mothers of infants in an urban slum, South Indian city, Nellore

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
E. Kishore ◽  
Syam Sundar Junapudi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Indian City

Background: The benefits of breastfeeding are well established and for the most part it is rather beneficial for children to drink their mother's milk One of the most commonly cited benefits of breastfeeding is that it helps connect mothers and their children; the baby feels its mother's body warmth and heartbeat (reminiscent of the womb it has left) and can become familiar with its mother's smell. Studies have shown that babies who are breastfed are more likely to reach adulthood. Breast milk is the ideal food for the infant under any circumstance. Objective of present study was to assess the breast feeding and infant feeding practices among mothers of infants aged 0- 12 months.Methods: A Community based cross-sectional study among mothers of infants aged 0-12 months at field practice area of Narayana Medical College, Nellore. This Study was undertaken during March to May 2016. A sample size of 112 respondents were included in this study.Results: 112 mothers of infants aged 0-12 months were included in this study. The source of knowledge regarding breast feeding among these mothers was health personnel 60 (53.57%), Family members was the second most common source 35 (31.25%) fallowed by others 17 (15.18%).Conclusions: Family support and mother’s literacy play important role in promoting breast feeding among mothers. Health education given to mothers helps them to establish breast feeding and take care of their infants. 

scholarly journals Factors determining the knowledge related to tuberculosis in a rural community, a community based cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
C. Rajan Rushender ◽  
G. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
M. Logaraj
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem. It is reported that, globally, about 9 million people developed tuberculosis and about 1.5 million people died due to tuberculosis across the globe in 2013.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Rural Health Training Center, SRM Medical College to assess knowledge and practice regarding tuberculosis using a pretested Interview schedule. Adult population, who are residing in the field practice area were considered as study population. The study period was between August 2013 to February 2014.Results: A total of 246 study subjects were included in the final analysis with the majority of the participants to be between 21 to 40 years (39.40%). Cough and expectoration as symptom of TB was known to 82.5% of study subjects. Only 22.8% of the study subjects are aware of at least one extra pulmonary for of tuberculosis. The proportion of subjects with good overall knowledge about TB was highest in subjects aged 61 and above, lowest in 41 to 60-year age group. The proportion of subjects with good knowledge had gradually increased with increasing socio economic status.Conclusions: Culture specific IEC interventions and their delivery mechanisms need to be designed, considering the highly heterogeneous nature of population in India. 

scholarly journals Infant Mortality in Rural and Post-Conflict Areas in South Kivu, Eastern DR Congo: A Cross-Sectional Study 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaylord Ngaboyeka ◽  
Espoir Malembaka ◽  
Pacifique Lyabayungu ◽  
Samuel Lwamushi ◽  
Aimé Cikomola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
South Kivu

Abstract Background: The infant mortality rate in the province of South Kivu remains one of the highest in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). The aim of this study is to estimate this mortality by identifying the associated factors in the health zones of Walungu and Miti-Murhesa, rural and post-conflict health zones of South Kivu, eastern DR Congo.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in two post-conflict rural health zones, Miti-Murhesa and Walungu, between July 2016 and September 2017. Our study population consisted of women giving birth from two aforementioned areas during the period of study in which a structured questionnaire assessing the survival of the child resulting from the previous pregnancy was administered. Qualitative variables were described as counts and proportions and quantitative variables as means or medians depending on their distribution. To determine the factors associated with child survival, simple and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed. The materiality threshold was set at 5%. Results: The infant mortality rate is 49.7 ‰ in the two study areas overall and specifically 52.6 ‰ in Miti-Murhesa and 46.56 ‰ in Walungu. The factors associated with this mortality were the age of the mother under 20 years old [adjusted odds ratio ( ORa) = 2.3, 95% CI : 1.1-4.5 ; p = 0.022], household size greater than or equal to 7 people [( ORa = 3.7 ; 95% CI : 1.9-7.3 ; p <0.001 )], prematurity [( ORa = 25.5 ; 95% CI : 9.9-65.4 ; p < 0.001)], home birth [( ORa = 1.9 ; 95% CI : 1.3-2.9 ; p = 0.001)], the inter-reproductive space less than 12 months [( ORa = 5.3 ; ORa : 3.3-8.5 ; P < 0.001 )], not using LLINs [( ORa = 2.2 ; 95% CI : 1.4-3.3 ; P < 0.001 )].Conclusion: Infant mortality in the post-crisis rural area of South Kivu remains high although it is relatively low compared to the national average (58 ‰). However, efforts still need to be made in order to hope to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

Factors influencing Noncompliance to Treatment among Elderly in the Urban Field Practice Area of RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
T Rajitha ◽  
BG Parasuramalu
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Current Health Care System

ABSTRACT Noncompliance to medication is a leading issue and a huge burden in our current health care system. Poor adherence has shown to decrease the effects of prescribed medications or other treatments and increase the likelihood of poor outcomes. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban field practice area of RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, among all the elderly aged ≥60 years, using a semistructured and pretested questionnaire. The study included 153 elderly participants, among whom 89 were males and 64 were females. Out of the 153 participants, 125 (81.69%) had some or the other illness. Out of the 125 who were ill, only 78 (62.4%) were taking treatment regularly. The remaining 47 (37.6%) were noncompliant to treatment. The main factors for noncompliance were forgetfulness 16 (34%) and symptomatic improvement 10 (21.3%). How to cite this article Rajitha T, Parasuramalu BG. Factors influencing Noncompliance to Treatment among Elderly in the Urban Field Practice Area of RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka. J Med Sci 2017;3(1):11-14.

scholarly journals Trend of unintentional suffocation death for infants under 1 year of age from 2009 to 2018 in Hunan, China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e038666
Author(s):  
Fanjuan Kong ◽  
Aihua Wang ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Lili Xiong ◽  
Donghua Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveFew studies have addressed the unintentional suffocation of infants in China. This study is to assess the mortality rate of unintentional suffocation among infants and the differences across age groups, gender, rural versus urban locations and related healthcare services.DesignA cross-sectional study on unintentional suffocation death of infants under 1 year of age in Hunan Province from 2009 to 2018.SettingHunan Province, with a population of 74 million, has an area of 210 000 square kilometres and 123 counties/districts.ParticipantsThe total data of 4109 unintentional suffocation deaths of infants in Hunan Province from 2009 to 2018 was collected, including 2331 boys, 1766 girls, 12 infants of unknown gender, 2906 rural children and 1203 urban children.Main outcome measureThe unintentional suffocation mortality rate of infants is defined as the number of unintentional suffocation deaths of children under 1 year of age per 100 000 live births in the same year.ResultsThe infant mortality rate showed a downward trend from 2009 to 2018. Infant unintentional suffocation death decreased first and then fluctuated. The proportion of unintentional suffocation death to infant death showed an upward trend in fluctuation. Boys and rural children had higher mortality rates than those of girls and urban children. A total of 43.5% of the deaths occurred in winter. Forty-eight per cent of the unintentional suffocations were infants between 1 and 4 months of age. A total of 46.4% of the deaths occurred at home, and 71.6% were not treated; approximately 81.8% of the untreated cases were mainly due to a lack of time to get to the hospital. A total of 65.2% of the deaths were diagnosed postmortem.ConclusionThe mortality rate of unintentional suffocation among infants in Hunan Province should attract the attention of the population, and measures should be taken according to epidemiological investigations.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hearing impairment in Aligarh: a community based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2926
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif Khan ◽  
Najam Khalique ◽  
Zulfia Khan ◽  
Abrar Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population

Background: Hearing impairment is avery complex phenomenon, which has many and serious consequencesfor people and involves many factors and issues that should becarefully examined. The objective of the study were to estimate the prevalence of hearing impairment in the study population.Methods: Study design was a community based cross sectional study. Setting was on field practice areas of the urban and rural health training centers, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. No. of Participants was 422 study subjects age 18 and above 18 years; Systematic random sampling and proportionate to population size method (PPS). Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 13; Chi-square.Results: Overall prevalence in present study population was found to be 23.1%. The prevalence in the rural areas (24.8%) was found to be higher than that of the urban areas (20.5%). The age specific prevalence showed that the maximum prevalence was in the age group of more than 70 years (66.6%). In the rural areas the prevalence was highest in the >70 year age group(75%) while in the urban areas it was maximum in the 61-70 year age group(61.5%). The prevalence was least in the 31-40 year age group in both urban (5.4%) as well as rural areas (14.5%). The association of hearing loss with age was found to be highly significant.Conclusions:A high prevalence of hearing impairment was found in the study. Increasing prevalence of hearing impairment was observed with advancing age.  

scholarly journals Evaluation of factors responsible for lactation failure-hospital based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2666
Author(s):  
Sravya Sree Sreekantham ◽  
Piduru Pratima ◽  
Uma Mahesh Ramisetty ◽  
Gangadhar Belavadi
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Medical College

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is an essential part of early infant feeding. Promotion of EBF is the most effective way to reduce the infant mortality rate. This study was carried out to identify factors affecting EBF among mothers attending Narayana medical college hospital Nellore. Aim and objectives of the study was to know the incidence of lactation failure and to evaluate the factors responsible for lactation failure.Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted from July 2018 to September 2018 involving a total of 100 mothers with the help of a proforma containing predesigned questionnaire. Demographic data of mother, obstetric details, mode of delivery, birth weight, details of antenatal advice about breastfeeding and practices, pre-lacteal feeds, current feeding practice, problems encountered during breastfeeding, anatomical problems were noted. The data collected were tabulated and statistically analyzed.Results: At the end of the study, among 100 mothers, 24 mothers are reported to have lactation failure and feeding babies with formula feeds. Among the variables taken into consideration pre-lacteal feeds, problems encountered during breastfeeding, breast diseases showed a statistically significant association with lactation failure. Mean weight gain in breastfeeding mothers and mothers with lactation failure is 11.3 kgs and 10.04 kgs respectively. Mean hemoglobin in breastfeeding mothers and mothers with lactation failure is 10.43 g/dl and 9.91 g/dl respectively.Conclusions: The results provide information about the relation between breastfeeding failure and its association with factors that contribute to it.

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