scholarly journals Clinical, socio-demographic profile and outcome of neurocysticercosis in children: a hospital based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2394
Author(s):  
Kumar Saurabh ◽  
Shilpi Ranjan ◽  
Neelam Verma
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Tonic Clonic Seizure ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Human Nervous System

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is perhaps the most common parasitic infection of human nervous system. The objective of this study was to study the spectrum of clinical, socio-demographic profile and treatment outcome of 60 paediatric neurocysticercosis cases over a mean duration of two years from September 2006-August 2008.Methods: Diagnosis was made mainly on the basis of clinical features, ring enhancing lesions on Computed Tomography scan of brain and exclusion of other causes. Patients were treated with Albendazole for 28 days, Prednisolone and anticonvulsant.Results: 10-14 years was the most affected age group with no sex predilection. Seizure was the most common initial presentation (86.66%) followed by headache and vomiting. Generalized tonic clonic seizure was the most common type of seizure. Four patients returned with relapse.Conclusions: Neurocysticercosis is a disease of lower socioeconomic group with poor sanitation and poor hand hygiene. Generalized tonic clonic seizure is the main presentation. Anticysticercal therapy has a good outcome.

scholarly journals Pneumocephalus following Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Rare Cause of Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Ritesh Lamsal ◽  
Rajeeb K. Mishra ◽  
Niraj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Tonic Clonic Seizure ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Lumbar Spine Surgery ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Delayed Emergence ◽  
Delayed Emergence From Anesthesia ◽  
Tomography Scan

AbstractPneumocephalus is an unusual presentation after lumbar spine surgery. We report the case of a young healthy patient, who had delayed emergence from anesthesia after undergoing an uncomplicated lumbar spine surgery. After shifting to the Intensive Care Unit, the patient had an episode of generalized tonic—clonic seizure. Computed tomography scan revealed the presence of pneumocephalus. The patient was managed conservatively, extubated the following day and discharged with no neurological deficits.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Size of Sella Turcica among Nepalese Population by Computed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Gourav Makaju ◽  
Birendra Raj Joshi ◽  
Ram Bahadur Chand
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Radiological Appearance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Tomography Scan

Introduction: The deformity of the sella turcica is often a major clue that an abnormality exists within the cranium, hence a familiarity with the sella turcica anatomy and radiological appearance is important. The aim of this study was to assess the dimension of sella turcica of normal Nepalese people by using computed tomography scan of head and to correlate the dimension with the patient’s age and gender. Methods: This prospective study was performed in a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu. Data were collected over the period of 4 months from June to September 2018 with the total of 73 patients who underwent CT of head. The age and gender of the patients were noted. The dimensions of sella turcica were measured at the predefined three directions: length, depth and antero-posterior diameter of the sella turcica. Results: The sella turcica had a mean length of 8.375mm, AP diameter of 7.029mm, and depth of 10.13mm.The dimensions of the sella turcica increased with age till the age of 80 years and then decreased. Conclusions: This study concluded that the length, AP diameter and depth of the sella turcica vary with respect to age group. The length and depth of sella turcica were higher in males while AP diameter in females.

scholarly journals STUDY OF URINARY SYSTEM CALCULI IN SUDANESE USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 2018-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Maha Esmeal Ahmed ◽  
Mwahib Sid Ahmed Aldosh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scan

Objective: The aim of study was to study the chemical composition of renal stone in Sudanese population using computed tomography scan. Method: This is analytic study conducted in Khartoum state hospitals in the period from November 2018 to October 2019.The problem of the study was no similar study done in Sudanese populations. The study was done in 100 patients. The data was collected from computed tomography scan to the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder. Classified and analyzed by   statistical package for the social sciences application (SPSS). Results: The study found that most chemical composition of renal stone among Sudanese population was uric acid (0%), Cystine (26%) then Struvite (14%) and calcium (60%). The most effective age group with renal stone was (61-70) years old (36.7%) and same age group have a Struvite stone (28.3%). Furthermore, the most common age group with a cyctine renal stone were the cystine affect in the age between 50 years to 60 years old. The uric acid, Cystine, and calcium stone composition may be reliably predicted in vivo on the basis of dual-energy Computed tomography findings. In the future, a single dual-energy computed tomography examination may contribute to not only the identification but also the chemical characterization of stones in the urinary tract and it may add to the information available from non-enhanced conventional CT performed for evaluation of nephrolithiasis.

Where the Kidney is Concerned, How Much Mannitol is Too Much?

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Rabetoy ◽  
Michael R. Fredericks ◽  
Charles F. Hostettler
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Warfarin Therapy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Midline Shift ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Tomography Scan

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of mannitol-induced acute renal failure (ARF). CASE SUMMARY: A 31-year-old woman who had been on long-term warfarin therapy for atrial fibrillation was admitted to the hospital with hemoptysis. Following reversal of her anticoagulation, she had a tonic-clonic seizure nine days after admission. An emergency computed tomography scan revealed cerebral edema, which was initially treated with hyperventilation and steroids. Two days later, a repeat scan showed progression of the cerebral edema with midline shift. Mannitol 550 g was infused over the next 28 hours, precipitating ARF. Despite prompt hemodialysis to reverse the renal failure, the patient died. This case of apparent mannitol-induced ARF illustrates several pathophysiologic effects of this agent. DISCUSSION: Case reports in the literature discussing mannitol-induced ARF are reviewed and compared. A relationship between dose and ARF and its reversal with hemodialysis is postulated. CONCLUSIONS: It is likely that sufficient doses of mannitol may lead to ARF. Limitation of dose may prevent and treatment with hemodialysis may reverse ARF in these instances.

Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy: A Rare Genetic Cause of Sensorineural Hearing Loss

1995 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 786-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Cortical Blindness ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tomography Scan

A 44-year-old man with a documented 12-year history of progressive sensorineural hearing loss developed a generalized tonic-clonic seizure followed by a visual field deficit and apraxia. Six months later he developed a peripheral neuropathy and muscle fatigue followed by a slowly progressive aphasia and cortical blindness as well as increased seizure activity. A computed tomography scan showed bilateral basal ganglion calcification. The serum lactate level was elevated at 3.4 mEq/dL. A muscle biopsy enabled the diagnosis of mitochondrial myopathy. This disorder is presented as an unusual cause of progressive sensorineural hearing loss in adults.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF DELIBERATE SELF-POISONING BY SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, PRECIPITATING EVENTS, TYPE OF SUBSTANCE AND MORTALITY IN POPULATION OF HAZARA DIVISION, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Adnan Khan ◽  
Abdul Rauf ◽  
Saqib Malik ◽  
Imran Ullah ◽  
Abdul Majid Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Joint Family ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Deliberate self-poisoning is important cause of deaths in younger population. The objectives of this study were to determine the distribution of deliberate self-poisoning by 12 socio-demographic factors, precipitating events, type of substance and mortality in population of Hazara Division, Pakistan. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan from October 9, 2017 to December 28, 2018. 102 deliberate self-poisoning patients were selected consecutively from population at risk. Variables were 12 socio-demographic factors, precipitating events, type of substance and mortality. All variables being categorical were described by count and percentage for sample and by confidence intervals for proportion for population at 95% confidence level. RESULTS: Deliberate self-poisoning cases (n=102) were higher in women 80.39%, in age group 18-25 years 54.90%, similar in urban 49.02% and rural 50.98%, higher in non-Pathan 74.51%, in married 57.84%, in joint family 79.41%, in up to matric education 85.29% and in housewives 52.94%, 4.90% with previous history of self-harm, 1.96% with family history of self-harm and higher in lower socioeconomic group 81.37%. The most common precipitating event was interpersonal difficulties with spouse, family members or friends 56.86%, while the most common type of substance was organophosphate 62.75%. Mortality was 3.92%. Conclusion: Deliberate self-poisoning was more prevalent in women, younger age group, married, joint family, educated up to matric, housewives and lower socioeconomic status. Family conflict was most common precipitating factor. Organophosphate was most common type of substance and mortality was high 3.92%.

Incidence of Cerebral Hemorrhage in Traumatic Patients using Computed Tomography in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
Amna Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Towmader Awad ◽  
Hajer Yousif ◽  
Reem Nahari ◽  
Omnia Abdelrhman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Cerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ct Finding

Computed Tomography (CT) is the most commonly used imaging modality in the evaluation of cerebral hemorrhage in the head trauma patients. Objective: To study the incidence of a cerebral hemorrhage in traumatic patients using computed tomography. Method: This retrospective study was conducted at King Khalid hospital in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia, in the radiology department, in the period from September 2018 to April 2020. The study was done by collecting 471 CT reports of patients all of them were exposed to head trauma with deferent reasons. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program (ver. 20) and presented in tables and graphs according to the checklist which includes: patient age, gender, type of trauma, CT finding, and type of hemorrhage. Results: The most age group suffered from head trauma was less than 20 years percentage (55%), The male patients more exposed to head trauma than female patients with percentage (84.5%), the road traffic accident (RTA) is the most common type of trauma by percentage (63.5%), according to the CT finding; the cerebral hemorrhage represented (15.5%) with the highest percentage in a subdural hematoma (31.2%), the fracture represented (2.8%) while the normal appearance represented (81.7%) as the highest percentage. Conclusion: Most of the traumatic brain injury in patients caused cerebral hemorrhage and the CT scan reports show that: the common type of cerebral hemorrhage is subdural hematoma and it is common in males which exposed to (RTA) in the age group (21 - 40) years old.

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